[Estimation of the relationship of the gymnosperms and angiosperms on the basis of the data obtained by biochemical methods]. / Otsenka otnoshenii golosemennykh i pokrytosemennykh rastenii na osnove ispol'zovaniia biokhimicheskikh metodov.

The phylogenetic relationships of gymnospermous and angiospermous plants were studied. To this end, 13 antisera to seed proteins of plant taxa representing all the four classes of the gymnosperms were obtained. The antigens used in immunochemical reactions with these antisera included the proteins of 134 seed samples representing 91 families from all the 11 subclasses of dicotyledons and 64 seed samples representing 33 families from five out of six classes of monocotyledons (according to Takhtajan, 1996). Immunochemical analysis was performed by the methods of double immunodiffusion in agar gel (two variants) and immunoelectroblotting. In addition, some samples of seed proteins were analyzed for amino acid composition. The results corroborate the concept that the seed plants are a monophyletic taxon. The angiosperms have apparently originated from a progymnospermous ancestor or have branched from the main stem of gymnosperms prior to its division into the recent phyla. No common ancestor of all subclasses of the angiosperms has been identified.

[Application of the serological method for evaluation of relations between gymnosperms and dicotyledonous plants]. / Ispol'zovanie serologicheskogo metoda dlia otsenki otnoshenii golosemennykh i dvudol'nykh.

An attempt has been undertaken to evaluate interrelations of gymnospermous and dicotyledonous plants on the basis of immunochemical studies of seed proteins. For this purpose, 12 antisera were raised to proteins of taxa representing four gymnosperm classes: Ginkgoopsida, Cycadopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gnetopsida. Seed proteins of eight dicotyledonous subclasses (after Takhtadzhyan, 1987) were used. The representatives of all dicotyledonous subclasses gave immunochemical reactions with those of all gymnospermous classes. The data obtained suggest the presence of sufficiently close immunochemical relations between gymnosperms and dicotyledons. Samples were found among the representatives of subclasses Dilleniidae, Hamamelididae, and Rosidae, which gave satisfactory reactions with eight to ten antisera to proteins of dicotyledonous seeds. Analysis of the data we obtained suggests that gymnospermous and dicotyledonous plants took their origin from a common pragymnospermous ancestor and later evolved independently or that dicotyledons separated from gymnosperms at an early stage of their evolution before divergence of the latter into several phyletic lineages.