[Experimental model of combined pathology of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis]. / Eksperimental'naia model' sochetannoi patologii tuberkulez-opistorkhoz.

An experimental model of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis pathology was developed. The results of two experimental series with the use of this model showed that in cases with mixed pathology the specific process is aggravated irrespective of whether the infectious process develops in opisthorchiasis or the latter occurs in attendance to tuberculosis. Delayed hypersensitivity in such cases is suppressed markedly in the absence of its initial activation.

[The formation of host-parasite relationships in an experimental mixed pathology of opisthorchiasis-tuberculosis as dependent on the phase of the Opisthorchis infestation]. / Formirovanie otnoshenii khoziain--parazit pri éksperimental'noi mikstpatologii opistorkhoz--tuberkulez v zavisimosti ot fazy opistorkhoznoi invazii.

Superinfection of animals having Opisthorchis invasion with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to destabilization of host-parasite relationships in opisthorchiasis and formation of new host-parasitocenotic interrelations whose manifestation depends on the phase of the invasive process. At the acute invasive phase of mixed pathology (2 weeks) the activity of the host's immune system increases, while the biological activity of helminths and the number of M. tuberculosis colonies decrease. And on the contrary, at the subacute phase of mixed pathology (2.5 months) the activity of the host's immune system decreases, while the reproductive activity of helminths and the isolation rate of M. tuberculosis from pulmonary tissue increases in comparison with the groups of animals with monoinvasion and monoinfection.

[Experimental models of combined tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis pathology]. / Eksperimental'nye modeli sochetannoi patologii tuberkulez--opistorkhoz.

An experimental model of the combined course of tuberculosis and opisthorchiasis is presented in the following variants: pulmonary tuberculosis-chronic opisthorchiasis, acute and chronic opisthorchiasis in combination with tuberculosis contamination, BCG and opisthorchiasis. Specific changes in the combined pathology are shown which differ from those that accompany each of the nosological forma. Data obtained in bacteriologic, parasitologic, immunologic and pathomorphologic studies were used to describe characteristic features of the models. The results obtained allow a suggestion that parasitocenosis of mycobacteria and Opisthorchis organisms has an influence on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology and prevention of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis combined pathology.

[Medico-social aspects of epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Extreme North]. / Mediko-sotsial'nye aspekty épidemiologii tuberkuleza na Krainem Severe.

Tuberculosis is still of top priority in health care of the not numerous peoples of the Extreme North and will preserve its importance as a prevalent infection for the nearest ten years. All aborigines must be included in high-risk groups of tuberculosis and the system of its control should be based on a state status, which supposes the immediate solution of socio-economic and medico-biological problems. It is advisable to organize the interdepartmental committee for tuberculosis at the Association of northern peoples and envisage additional assignments, including foreign currency, to be spent on research work, fluorographic++ technology, diagnostic means and equipment and medicaments. Under conditions of a new economic mechanism and market economy assignments aimed at anti-tuberculosis aid should include donations brought by the leading industrial branches; separate enterprises and state structures.

[The clinico-epidemiological characteristics of opisthorchiasis foci in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the treatment results with praziquantel]. / Kliniko-épidemiologicheskaia kharakteristika ochagov opistorkhoza v Iamalo-Nenetskom avtonomnom okruge i rezul'taty lecheniia prazikvantelem.

A clinical and epidemiological study of opisthorchiasis foci in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was carried out. 764 people were surveyed, including 473 aborigines of the north, 207 denizens, and 84 migrants. Opisthorchiasis infection rate in villages was 40.5-45.7%. The intensity of infection was lower than 200 eggs per g faeces. The modelling of opisthorchiasis prevalence performed after Muench showed the highest correlation with the "simple" and "reversible" models. Factors determining the infection spread and limiting its intensity and those influencing the effect of chemotherapy were defined. Theoretically determined radical suppressive low-dose praziquantel chemotherapy was carried out. The efficacy of the drug, 25, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg, varied from 76.5 to 92.0% (mean 88.1%), and the decrease of the egg density was more than 60%. The incidence of side effects of the therapy averaged 45.3%.

[The pathomorphological changes in the liver and immune system organs of golden hamsters with experimental opisthorchiasis and tuberculosis infections]. / Patomorfologicheskie izmeneniia v pecheni i organakh immunnoi sistemy zolotistykh khomiakov pri éksperimental'nom zarazhenii opistorkhozom i tuberkulezom.

It has been established that lymphoid tissue involution caused by mixed experimental tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis infection was accompanied by a considerable attenuation of fibrosis and less intensive inflammatory destructive changes and liver fibrosis, as compared to monoinvasion with opisthorchis. In mixed infection there was a decrease in immunoreactivity of animals as assessed by the number of antibody-forming spleen cells per immunization with sheep red blood cells, compared to opisthorchiasis monoinvasion and a slight increase in this parameter compared to tuberculosis monoinfection.

[A modification of an immunoenzyme test system for the serodiagnosis of opisthorchiasis]. / Modifikatsiia immunofermentnoi test-sistemy dlia serodiagnostiki opistorkhoza.

Based on the antigen derived from the whole Opisthorchis marita extraction in cats and A-peroxidase protein conjugate the authors modified the enzyme immunoassay system for the detection of IgG antibodies to the causative agent of opisthorchiasis. A vibroshaker used in all stages of study permitted them to reduce the time of the reaction and its analysis providing the visualized consideration of the results.

[Comparative characteristics of clinical and immunologic indicators of various groups of opisthorchiasis patients in a focus. Aboriginal population]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika kliniko-immunologicheskikh pokazatelei raznykh kontingentov bol'nykh opistorkhozom v ochage. Korennoe naselenie.

Clinical and immunological observations of people belonging to two population groups--aborigens (khanty, mansi, komi) and 40 immigrants--were performed in opisthorchiasis foci of the Tyumen region. Rapid clinical reinvasion of unimmune immigrants (in a 3-4 year period) was established; the aborigens featured subclinical invasion pattern. T-system immunity in immigrants was suppressed, while in the aboriginal group insignificant reduction of the number of T-helpers and significant increase in the number of T-suppressors, lack of apparent mobilization of humoral immunity factors--reduction of the absolute B-lymphocytes number, normal A, G immunoglobulines and CIC levels-were observed. Such T--B immune systems' ratio may indicate immune tolerance of a suppressor type. The observed indicators of aborigens' tolerance to helminths' antigens point to the necessity of differentiated approach to chemotherapy prescription (especially of the repeated courses) in the endemic invasion foci.