Tumor inusual de rodilla: condroma intracapsular / Unusual Knee Tumor: Intracapsular Chondroma

El condroma intracapsular de rodilla es un tumor benigno resultado de una metaplasia ex-trasinovial que puede confundirse fácilmente con otras entidades de mayor agresividad. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 59 años con una tumoración de crecimiento lento localizada en la grasa infrapatelar de Hoffa. El examen histológico tras la excisión concluyó condroma intracapsular. El resultado postoperatorio fue satisfactorio con mejoría del dolor y rango de movilidad articular

Intracapsular chondroma of the knee is a benign tumor resulting from extrasynovial metaplasia that can easily be confused with other more aggressive entities. We present the clinical case of a 59-year-old woman with a slow-growing tumor located in the infrapatellar fat of Hoffa. Histological examination after excision concluded intracapsular chondroma. The postoperative result was satisfactory with improvement of pain and range of joint mobility

Trombosis venosa profunda del miembro superior secundaria a rotura musculotendinosa del bíceps braquial: a propósito de un caso clínico / Upper deep venous thrombosis secondary to biceps brachii tear: a clinical case

Describimos un caso inusual de trombosis en la vena axilar tras una rotura fibrilar extensa, muscular y parcial del tendón largo del bíceps braquial derecho, en un paciente de 43 años tras la realización de un sobreesfuerzo. Esta afección supone un difícil diagnóstico, por lo que requiere una alta sospecha y un tratamiento temprano

We describe an unusual case of axillary vein thrombosis after extensive muscular and fibrillar rupture of the long tendon of the right biceps brachii in a 43-year-old patient after an effort. The difficult diagnosis of this condition requires high suspicion and early treatment

Upper deep venous thrombosis secondary to biceps brachii tear: A clinical case. / Trombosis venosa profunda del miembro superior secundaria a rotura musculotendinosa del bíceps braquial: a propósito de un caso clínico.

We describe an unusual case of axillary vein thrombosis after extensive muscular and fibrillar rupture of the long tendon of the right biceps brachii in a 43-year-old patient after an effort. The difficult diagnosis of this condition requires high suspicion and early treatment.

Papel de la SPECT/TC en la patología ósea: ¿Sigue siendo una opción válida realizar esta técnica? / Role of SPECT/CT in bone pathology: Is this technique still a valid option?

No disponible

Seudoartrosis congénita de clavícula bilateral. Caso clínico / Bilateral congenital seudarthrosis of the clavicle. A clinical case

La seudoartrosis congénita de clavícula es una rara malformación de etiología todavía no aclarada. La afectación bilateral es excepcional. Aun siendo una malformación congénita su diagnóstico puede prolongarse hasta avanzada la niñez, presentando los pacientes una deformidad indolora del tercio medio de la clavícula en ausencia de traumatismo previo. El tratamiento es controvertido, y puede ser quirúrgico o no según la repercusión funcional y estética. Presentamos un caso de afectación bilateral y analizamos la bibliografía encontrada al respecto (AU)

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare malformation in which the aetiology is still unclear. Bilateral involvement is exceptional. Although it is a congenital malformation, it may not be diagnosed until late childhood, with patients presenting with a painless deformity of the middle third of the clavicle in the absence of prior trauma. The treatment is controversial, and may be surgical, depending on the functional impact and aesthetics. A case of bilateral involvement is presented, together with a review of the relevant literature (AU)

Bilateral congenital seudarthrosis of the clavicle. A clinical case. / Seudoartrosis congénita de clavícula bilateral. Caso clínico.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare malformation in which the aetiology is still unclear. Bilateral involvement is exceptional. Although it is a congenital malformation, it may not be diagnosed until late childhood, with patients presenting with a painless deformity of the middle third of the clavicle in the absence of prior trauma. The treatment is controversial, and may be surgical, depending on the functional impact and aesthetics. A case of bilateral involvement is presented, together with a review of the relevant literature.

Recambio de polietileno mediante la cementación de un nuevo componente sobre el metal-back osteointegrado / Polyethylene replacement by cementing a new component over the osseointegrated metal-back

Objetivo. Ante una cirugía de revisión de artroplastia total de cadera no cementada por desgaste de polietileno está indicado mantener el cotilo metálico cuando se compruebe intraoperatoriamente su estabilidad, sustituyendo únicamente el polietileno que se cementa si el anclaje no es posible. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiográficos a medio plazo de la cementación de polietileno dentro de un componente acetabular metálico osteointegrado. Material y método. Se analizaron retrospectivamente 15 pacientes cuya indicación para la cirugía fue el desgaste de polietileno, con un periodo de seguimiento medio de 6,1 años (rango 3,5-9,7 años). El Harris Hip Score se utilizó para valorar los resultados clínicos antes de la intervención y al final del seguimiento. Se realizaron radiografías anteroposteriores y axiales de cadera para descartar complicaciones. Resultados. La puntuación media en el Harris Hip Score mejoró, pasando de los 64,7 puntos en el preoperatorio a los 80,3 al final del seguimiento. Las lesiones osteolíticas desaparecieron, o al menos no aumentaron de tamaño, en los controles radiográficos. Una paciente (6,7%) sufrió 2 episodios de luxación, que se trataron sin necesidad de cirugía. Otro paciente presentó aflojamiento aséptico del vástago femoral, que requirió el recambio. Conclusiones. La cementación del polietileno, cuando no sea posible su anclaje, en un cotilo metálico no cementado osteointegrado es una técnica que ofrece buenos resultados a medio plazo, y que minimiza las complicaciones que conlleva el recambio del componente acetabular, sin comprometer su estabilidad (AU)

Objective. In uncemented revision total hip replacement due to polyethylene wear, the metal cup needs to be maintained when its stability is checked during surgery, only replacing the polyethylene that is cemented if anchoring is not possible. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the medium-term clinical and radiological results of a polyethylene liner cemented into an osseointegrated acetabular shell component. Material and method. A retrospective analysis was performed on 15 patients in whom the surgical indication was polyethylene wear, with a mean follow-up of 6.1 years (range 3.5-9.7 years). The Harris Hip Score was used to assess the clinical results before surgery and at the end of follow-up. Anteroposterior and axial X-rays of the hip were taken to rule out complications. Results. The mean Harris Hip Score improved, increasing from 64.7points before the surgery to 80.3 at the end of follow-up. The osteolytic lesions disappeared, or at least the size did not increase, in the follow-up X-rays. One patient (6.7%) suffered 2 dislocation episodes that were treated without the need for surgery. Another patient presented with aseptic loosening of the femoral stem that required a replacement. Conclusions. Cementing the polyethylene liner, when anchoring is not possible, in an uncemented osseointegrated metal shell is a technique that offers good results in the medium term, and which may minimise the complications that may occur with the replacement of the shell component, without compromising its stability (AU)

[Polyethylene replacement by cementing a new component over the osseointegrated metal-back]. / Recambio de polietileno mediante la cementación de un nuevo componente sobre el metal-back osteointegrado.

OBJECTIVE: In uncemented revision total hip replacement due to polyethylene wear, the metal cup needs to be maintained when its stability is checked during surgery, only replacing the polyethylene that is cemented if anchoring is not possible. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the medium-term clinical and radiological results of a polyethylene liner cemented into an osseointegrated acetabular shell component. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective analysis was performed on 15 patients in whom the surgical indication was polyethylene wear, with a mean follow-up of 6.1 years (range 3.5-9.7 years). The Harris Hip Score was used to assess the clinical results before surgery and at the end of follow-up. Anteroposterior and axial X-rays of the hip were taken to rule out complications. RESULTS: The mean Harris Hip Score improved, increasing from 64.7 points before the surgery to 80.3 at the end of follow-up. The osteolytic lesions disappeared, or at least the size did not increase, in the follow-up X-rays. One patient (6.7%) suffered 2 dislocation episodes that were treated without the need for surgery. Another patient presented with aseptic loosening of the femoral stem that required a replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Cementing the polyethylene liner, when anchoring is not possible, in an uncemented osseointegrated metal shell is a technique that offers good results in the medium term, and which may minimise the complications that may occur with the replacement of the shell component, without compromising its stability.

Isolated fracture of the coronoid process.

Approximately 2% to 15% of the patients with dislocated elbows are thought to present a fracture of the coronoid process of the ulna, but such a fracture does not often present in isolation. Its exact incidence is difficult to ascertain given the lack of studies on the subject. One case is presented of an isolated fracture of the coronoid process and it is placed in the context of the existing literature.

Fracturas supracondíleas de húmero infantiles: remodelación rotacional / Pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures: rotational remodelling

Objetivo. Determinar si en las fracturas supracondíleas de húmero en niños es posible cierto grado de remodelación rotacional y los factores que pueden influir en la misma. Material y método. Se revisaron un total de 62 niños intervenidos quirúrgicamente en nuestro hospital desde diciembre de 1988 hasta enero de 1999, por fractura supracondílea de húmero. De ellos, 52 fueron incluidos en el estudio. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 9,1 años (rango 3-14años). Se estudió mediante análisis de regresión la evolución de la deformidad rotacional y su relación con diferentes parámetros: edad, sexo, tipo de fractura, tratamiento, tiempos de inmovilización y de rehabilitación, grado de movilidad, ángulo de transporte y complicaciones. Resultados. La deformidad rotacional disminuyó independientemente de la reducción obtenida, no existiendo relación significativa entre el componente rotacional en el postoperatorio inmediato y en el momento de la revisión, aunque existió cierta tendencia a tener menor rotación final cuanto mayor fue la reducción conseguida de este componente(p = 0,093). El sexo mostró relación significativa con la deformidad rotacional residual en el momento de la revisión en el análisis de regresión logística (p = 0,003).Conclusiones. La reducción obtenida es ciertamente importante en el tratamiento, pero existen probablemente otros factores todavía no bien conocidos que influyen en la remodelación de la fractura. Es posible esperar cierto grado de remodelación rotacional en este tipo de fracturas, según nuestro estudio. Las niñas presentaron una menor corrección espontánea del componente rotacional

Aim. To determine if a degree of rotational remodelling is possible in supracondylar fractures in children and influential factors. Materials and methods. A review was made of a total of 62children who underwent surgery at our hospital from December1988 to January 1999 for supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Of them, 52 were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 9.1 years (range 3-14 years). Regression analysis was used to study the evolution of the rotational deformity and its relation with different parameters: age, sex, type of fracture, treatment, immobilization and rehabilitation times, degree of mobility, carrying angle, and complications. Results. The rotational deformity decreased independently of the reduction achieved, and there was no significant relation between the rotational component in the immediate postoperative period and at the time of review, although the final rotation tended to be smaller when reduction of this component was greater (p = 0.093). Sex was significantly related with residual rotational deformity at the time of review in logistic regression analysis (p = 0.003).Conclusions. The reduction achieved is important in treatment, but there are probably other, less known factors that influence fracture remodelling. Our study showed that a certain degree of rotational remodeling can be expected in supracondylar fractures. Girls had less spontaneous correction of the rotational component

[Spinal anesthesia: a protective factor in thromboembolic disease. A retrospective cohort study of 484 arthroplasties]. / Anestesia espinal, un factor protector en la enfermedad tromboembólica. Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de 484 artroplastias.

OBJECTIVES: To compare general and spinal anesthesia in the context of thromboembolic disease after orthopedic surgery in patients receiving prophylactic therapy with low molecular weight heparins. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Of the 484 arthroplasties studied retrospectively, 209 involved total hip prostheses, 111 partial hip prostheses and 164 total knee prostheses. Spinal anesthesia (epidural or subarachnoid) was provided in 328 cases and general anesthesia in 156. Thromboembolic disease was diagnosed if the patient presented a compatible clinical picture or if there was confirmation by Doppler ultrasonography and/or venography for deep venous thrombosis or by scintigraphy for pulmonary embolism. Related factors studied were age; weight; prior fractures of the lower extremity; a history of thromboembolism, diabetes, high blood pressure or heart disease; and medication. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients experienced thromboembolic complications, 12 after general anesthesia and 9 after spinal anesthesia, the incidence in the latter being significantly lower (p < 0.01, odds ratio 3.23, 95% CI). Multivariant analysis also showed a significant increase in thromboembolic disease (p = 0.05) among patients over 70 years of age (odds ratio 2.67, 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: Spinal anesthesia provides some protection against thromboembolic disease in arthroplasty. Age is a risk factor.

Anestesia espinal, un factor protector en la enfermedad tromboembólica. Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de 484 artroplastias / Spinal anesthesia: a protective factor in thromboembolic disease. A retrospective study of 484 arthroplasties

OBJETIVOS. Valorar la relación entre la anestesia general y espinal con la enfermedad tromboembólica en el postoperatorio de cirugía ortopédica de pacientes tratados profilácticamente con heparinas de bajo peso molecular. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO. Se realizó un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo sobre 484 artroplastias, de las que 209 fueron prótesis totales de cadera, 111 prótesis parciales de cadera y 164 prótesis totales de rodilla. En 328 casos se realizó anestesia espinal (epidural o subaracnoidea) y en 156 anestesia general. Se consideró que existía enfermedad tromboembólica cuando el paciente presentaba sintomatología clínica compatible con la misma, confirmada mediante eco-Doppler y/o venografía para la trombosis venosa profunda, y mediante gammagrafía para el embolismo pulmonar. Se estudió la relación con la edad, peso, fracturas previas del miembro inferior, tromboembolismo previo, diabetes, hipertensión arterial, enfermedad cardíaca y medicación. RESULTADOS. Se observaron complicaciones tromboembólicas en 21 pacientes, en 12 de ellos tras cirugía con anestesia general y en nueve tras anestesia espinal, siendo significativamente menor la incidencia en esta última (p < 0,01) (odds ratio de 3,23 e IC del 95 por ciento). El análisis multivariante también demostró un aumento significativo de la enfermedad tromboembólica (p < 0,05) en los pacientes mayores de 70 años (odds ratio de 2,67 e IC del 95 por ciento).CONCLUSIONES. La anestesia espinal se comporta como un factor de protección frente a la enfermedad tromboembólica en la cirugía artroplástica. La edad avanzada es un factor de riesgo (AU)

No disponible

Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with valgus deformity by means of varus osteotomy.

Nineteen cases of osteoarthritis of the knee with valgus deformity in 17 patients were treated by femoral supracondylar varus osteotomy (17 cases) or by high tibial varus osteotomy (2 cases) over the last 15 years. Fixation was performed using a 95 degrees AO blade-plate in 13 of the femoral osteotomies and a straight plate in the other four. The mean follow-up time was 6.5 years. The valgus deformity was idiopathic in 14 cases, secondary to rheumatoid arthritis in 2 cases and to tibial valgus in one case. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score was used to evaluate the clinical results: nearly 75% were excellent or good. The causes related to poor results are analyzed regarding indication and surgical technique. It appears that varus osteotomy is an effective procedure for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with valgus deformity, above all in order to alleviate pain, although the operation requires precision, and correct selection of patients is of prime importance.