[The modern model of medical and social care for the elderly]. / Sovremennaia model' mediko-sotsial'noi pomoshchi psikhicheski bol'nym pozhilogo vozrasta.

From forty to seventy per cent of the elderly are reported to suffer from psychiatric disorders. Being prone to somatic and psychiatric comorbidity, aged people are also need for social care. This reason stipulates psychiatric care optimization and organizing a specialized service, providing care for the elderly. Service structure may be organized as following: (1) psychogeriatric units in psychiatric institutions; (2) psychogeriatric units in geriatric or general health care institutions; (3) psychiatric services and psychiatric facilities in social institutions. Each unit should comprise such kinds of care as day-hospital, in-patient clinic and out-patient clinic. Federal- and regional interdepartmental and interdisciplinary psychogeriatric centers may be established for elaboration of methodological and practical principles and coordination of geriatric, psychogeriatric and social care service's activity for providing care to the elderly.

[Dynamics and prognosis of mental disorders incidence in elderly patients]. / Dinamika i prognoz zabolevaemosti psikhicheskimi rasstroistvami lits starshego vozrasta.

Mental disorders incidence grows constantly in patients of 60 and older. It has grown by 9.8% in 1998 as compared with 1993 and by 21.2% as compared with 1991. In 1998 psychoses and mental retardation incidence was 117.1, while nonpsychotic forms of the disorders--136.4 per 100 thousands of population at the age of 60 and older. The main increase of the incidence was found in the group with disorders characteristic for the late age. A number of the new patients with senile psychoses and dementias increased in 1998 by 21.3% as compared with 1993, while a number of patients with nonpsychotic disorders of vascular nature during the same period increased by 61.2% and with the disorders of the other organic nature--by 35.3%. From 1995 the individuals of the old age had high incidence of reactive states--by 58.9%, of neuroses--by 71.8% and of psychosomatic diseases--by 72.2%. The paper predicts further increase of mental disorders incidence in the population of elderly and old age.

[The clinico-epidemiological characteristics of a contingent of older patients being cared for by the psychoneurological office of a regional polyclinic]. / Kliniko-épidemiologicheskaia kharakteristika kontigenta bol'nykh pozdnego vozrasta, obsluzhivaemogo psikhonevrologicheskim kabinetom territorial'noi polikliniki.

Psychic state of the majority (84.5%) of 410 consulted by the psychiatrist in a district outpatient clinic patients was found as non-psychotic. Psychic disorders of exogenic-organic nature accounted for 34.4% and neurosis--26.5% of all the cases. Psychoneurological care, available in the district outpatient clinic, is an adequate form of aid for patients with borderline psychic disorders.

[Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of middle-aged and elderly patients with mental disorders receiving ambulatory care]. / Kliniko-épidemiologicheskaia kharakteristika dispansernogo kontingenta psikhicheski bol'nykh pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

A nonrandomized examination of 1,640 patients aged 60 years and over was carried out at the outpatient gerontologic department set up on the basis of the district psychoneurologic center. Among them, women were evidently dominant (71.8%). The ratio of borderline disorders to psychotic ones was 67 to 33%. Distribution according to the disease entities showed that over 1/3 of them suffered from schizophrenia. The later disease onset was recorded but in 17.1%. Vascular psychoses in the whole patients' group accounted for 28%. Besides, analysis of primary consultations was made. The number of patients who referred for medical aid amounted to 426. About half of them were patients aged 70 years and over. The data obtained support the necessity of the development of extra-hospital forms of gerontopsychiatry services.

[Mental disturbances in the victims of the earthquake in Armenia (based on examination data in the medical institutions of Moscow)]. / Psikhicheskie rasstroistva u postradavshikh pri zemletriasenii v Armenii (po dannym obsledovaniia v meditsinskikh uchrezhdeniiakh Moskvy).

As a result of examining 211 persons with severe somatic pathology (the crush syndrome, multiple fractures, spinal cord injuries, and so forth) received during the earthquake, 179 (84.8%) manifested psychopathological disorders. Of these, 70 persons (33.2%) had asthenia, consciousness disturbances, insomnia which were viewed as somatogenic, 17 persons (8.1%) with craniocerebral injury had the signs of the establishment of the psycho-organic syndrome, and in 109 persons (51%), the clinical picture was determined by psychogenically conditioned depressive, anxious-phobic and psychopathic reactions. The data obtained allow one to judge the characteristics of the mental status during the subacute period (from the first to the second week) after the earthquake.