[Catecholamines in migraine and other paroxysmal conditions in children]. / Katekholaminy pri migreni i drugikh paroksizmal'nykh sostoianii u detei.

A study was made of the diurnal excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline in children aged 7 to 14 years suffering from migraine (n = 33), epilepsy (n = 21), and from syncopes (n = 13). For that purpose use was made of fluorometry. The patients with epilepsia and syncopes manifested a fall of adrenaline excretion; noradrenaline excretion correlated with the control data. The children suffering from migraine demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of adrenaline excretion and a rise of noradrenaline excretion, leading to dramatic changes in the amines ratio. Therefore, in patients suffering from vegetovascular dystonia with paroxysmal crises, measurements of adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion may serve an additional criterion for making correct diagnosis.

[Biological significance of thymus hormone deficiency during physical stress]. / Biologicheskaia znachimost' defitsita gormonov timusa pri fizicheskoi nagruzke.

In animals with a deficit of thymus hormones there are detected activation of lipid peroxidation processes, changes in activity of key enzymes of energy-supplying tracts of anaerobic and pentose cycles along with antioxidative protection and ionic content of erythrocytes. Apparently thymus removal, causing its hormones' deficit and disturbances in the system of neurohormonal regulation, modified the synthesis and activity of key metabolic enzymes. The character of biochemical shifts in erythrocytes of the animals with a deficit of thymus hormones during their adaptation to physical load demonstrated functional stress of protective mechanisms and disorders of adaptative blood reactions.

[Activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the liver and corticosterone levels of the blood of thymectomized rats]. / Aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni i soderzhanie kortikosterona v krovi timéktomirovannykh krys.

Thymectomized rats have been studied with the aim to determine the activity of gluconeogenesis key enzymes (phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1.6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase), the glycogen content in the liver, the corticosterone level in blood and electrolytes concentration in erythrocytes and blood plasma. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and the glycogen content in the liver as well as the corticosterone level in the rat blood are shown to diminish after thymectomy. Changes are found in the electrolytic composition of blood as well as in the activity of key enzyme of the pentose cycle in erythrocytes. The data obtained indicate that thymectomy in rats is followed by the pronounced biochemical shifts induced by the thymus hormone deficiency and disturbance of interrelations in the system of neuroendocrine regulation.

[Effect of thymectomy on activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the rat liver]. / Vliianie timéktomii na aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni krys.

Activities of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis--phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase as well as the content of glycogen were studied in liver tissue of thymectomized rats. Gluconeogenesis was inhibited in liver tissue of these rats. As thymus and adrenal cortex are firmly related, the inhibition of gluconeogenesis in liver tissue of thymectomized rats appears to occur due to a decrease in the glucocorticoid activating effect followed the inhibition of adrenal cortex functions and absence of thymus hormones directly responsible for carbohydrate metabolism.

[Effect of thymectomy on the endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes in rats]. / Vliianie timektomii na endokrinnuiu funktsiiu kory nadpochechnikov i semennikov u krys.

The paper is concerned with a study of endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes of rats after thymectomy using a radioimmunoassay. Postnatal thymectomy resulted after 3 months in a decrease in the level of corticosterone in the blood, the level of testosterone did not change as compared to that in animals after false operation. Thymectomized rats were characterized by a stronger sensitivity of the adrenals and gonads to physical exercise of moderate intensity which was expressed in a more significant elevation of the corticosterone level in the blood and a decrease in the testosterone level. A decrease in the Na+ concentration and an increase in the K+ content in erythrocytes and blood plasma were revealed in the thymectomized rats 3 and 6 mos after operation. A deficit of the thymus hormone influenced endocrine function of the adrenals and testes.

[Effect of thymectomy on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the rat]. / Vliianie timéktomii na uglevodnyi i lipidnyi obmen u krys.

12 months after thymectomy (TE), the diminution of glucose concentration, glucose metabolic products in blood and decreased activity of liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of rats were demonstrated. The disturbance of gluconeogenesis in TE rats, however, proceeded in a latent manner within 9 months. These data suggest that thymectomized animals, along with T-immunodeficiency, develop an inhibited gluconeogenesis. The thymus gland seems to influence the glucose homeostasis either directly or through some interactions with the neuroendocrine controlling system.

[Character of metabolism and regulating role of cholinoreactive tissue systems during hypercapnia, hypoxia and cooling]. / Kharakter metabolizma i reguliruiushchaia rol' kholinoreaktivnykh sistem tkanei pri vozdeistvii giperkapnii, gipoksii i okhlazhdeniia.

The content of the free fatty acids, ketone bodies, total glycogen, glucose, adrenaline and noradrenaline and morpho-histochemical picture of the tissues of neuro-endocrinal system (hypophysis and adrenal) in the brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscles and blood of the white non-linear rats, were studied 2-3 min adaptation to complex atmosphere changes: gradual increase of the CO2, decrease of the O2, and cooling (in the condition of deep hypothermia the rectal temperature was--RT--19.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C). The same parameters were studied in 48 hrs after the same training (at normothermia) and in 2-3 min. after the same repeated training in 48 hrs after the first one, at RT--20.2 +/- 0.1 degrees C. The fluctuating character of the metabolism and of the regulating systems was shown.

[Changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in rat tissues under combined effect of hypercapnia, hypoxia and cooling]. / Izmeneniia Zhirovogo i uglevodnogo obmenov v tkaniakh krys pri sochetannom vozdeistvii giperkapniei, gipoksiei i okhlazhdeniem.

The cooling of rats under conditions of hypercapnia and hypoxia during the first 15 minutes increases the contents of free fatty acids, acetoacetate and beta-oxybutyrate in the tissues of the brain, myocardium, liver, skeletal muscles and blood and decreases them by the end of the effect (120 min later) down to the initial values, in the liver and skeletal muscles tissues the content of the mentioned intermediates falls lower the initial values. In the carbohydrate metabolism the amount of phosphoenolpyruvate 15 and 120 min after the action beginning and the amount of malate in the myocardium and brain at the end of the experiment increase to a different extent; the content of lactate rises only in the brain 30 and 120 min after the beginning of cooling. In the rat venous blood the value of pCO2 increases up to 71.8+/-6.0 mm Hg, the total content of CO2 rises, the values of the standard bicarbonates decrease and the pH value drops sharply down to 6.98+/-0.03. It is suggested that one of the main reasons of such changes in metabolism is development of hypercapnia state and acidosis and the resulted increase in intensity of the carboxylation processes in the tissues.