[Jet injection, a new method for the induction of anesthesia in children]. / Uj módszer az anaesthesia bevezetésére gyermekekben oltópisztollyal.

In order to shorten anaesthesia induction and to avoid pain of the intramuscular injection, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of midazolam given by a jet-injector, utilized solely for mass inoculations until now. Premedication with midazolam with the jet-injector, indeed, proved to be effective, rapid and safe in children. The best results were found in two groups receiving 150-200 microgram/kg midazolam. Within 5 minutes, it was easy to cannulate a vein in children injected by the jet-injector, whereas the effect of intramuscular injection developed slowly, within 7 minutes. In the latter group, cannulation of the vein was more difficult than in the other groups. The separation from the parents and anaesthetic induction were greatly facilitated by midazolam given by the jet-injector. Amnesia was present not only for anaesthetic induction but also for the injection. Recovery was not more prolonged in those premedicated with midazolam with the jet-injector than with midazolam administered by other routes: oral, rectal or nasal. The children induced with the aid of jet-injector had no unpleasant recall based on interviews with the patients and parents.

[Fatal intoxications in Debrecen. Analysis of the cases from 1958 to 1981 (author's transl)]. / Tödlich Vergiftungen in Debrecen. Analyse der Fälle von 1958 bis 1981.

In this report the toxicologic material obtained since 1958 in our institute has been evaluated. Of the 15,144 postmortem examinations, 997 toxicologic examinations have been carried out. In addition, 739 clinical cases have been studied during this period. There has been a monotonous increase in the number of toxicologic cases up to now. The number of cases is doubled during a 10-year period. Barbiturates are the main type of intoxicating agents found, but there is a rapid increase in the use of other drugs in the material studied. The use of nicotine is steadily decreasing but there is an increasing number of toxicologic cases in connection with the use of other plant protectives. The evaluation of toxicologic cases involving alcohol will be reported elsewhere.

[Radioisotopes used in the diagnosis of bone diseases]. / Radiofarmakonok a csontbetegségek diagnosztikájában

The radiopharmacons produced in Hungary and suitable for the demonstration of reactive bone alterations are discussed by the authors. These pharmacons are the following: 85ScCl2=Strontiumchloride, 153Sm-EDTA=Samarium ethylendiamintetraacetate, 169Yb-citrate=Ytterbium-citrate, 99mTc-HEDSPA=Technetium-hydroxy-ethylene-diphosphonate, 99mTc-pyrophosphate. The scintigraphic pictures obtained by the use of these radiopharmacons are presented. On the basis of their experimental examinations the numerous advantages of the use of 99mTc-HEDSPA are pointed out and the possibilities are outlines, which are to be obtained in the detection of occult bone alterations, in the examination of juvenile patients and perhaps in the case of osteotransplantation.