The influence of microbiota on the development and course of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues.

An important feature of the functioning of the organs and tissues of the oral cavity is the fact that all processes that take place in it are carried out in the constant presence of various microorganisms that cause the development of pathological processes in the body or are associated with them. In the pathogenesis of chronic generalized periodontitis, dental plaque penetrates the bottom of the gingival sulcus, penetrating under the epithelium into the stroma of the connective tissue, causing its inflammation. Bacteria produce a number of toxic substances that have a toxic effect on surrounding tissues. Most bacteria produce chain fatty acids that inhibit chemotaxis of leukocytes and phagocytes. Anaerobes and spirochetes secrete a number of substances (propionic acid and indole) that are extremely toxic to most tissues. Inflammation in the periodontal tissues is caused by the microbiota of the dental plaque biofilm. As periodontitis develops, an increase in the number of P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and T. forsythia was found in it, more than 100 times. Therefore, the given data prove that in the development and course of the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues, complex dysbiotic and tissue-cellular interactions are involved, the dynamic balance of which depends on its outcome.

Results of videokinesiography in patients with a complicated course of acute cerebrovascular disorder by hemitype in the recovery period.

Restoration of the masticatory function is one of the key elements in the comprehensive rehabilitation for patients with acute cerebrovascular disorders (ACVD) of various degrees, as their consequences may include an impaired coordinated action of the neuromuscular system, and the dentoalveolar system in particular. In this context, the clinical presentation of stroke is characterized by motor and sensory deficiencies, which can eventually lead to dysfunction of the masticatory muscles, tongue, lips, soft palate and pharynx. The bilateral difference between such disorders, manifested by the discrepancy in the muscle mass and kinematic characteristics, is the peculiarity of this phenomenon. AIM: The aim of the research was to examine the features of articulatory activity in the mandible during chewing at the stages of orthopedic rehabilitation in patients with complicated acute cerebrovascular disorder with the neurological deficit by hemitype during the prosthetics with removable orthopedic appliances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 45 subjects aged from 40 to 65 years, including 24 women (53%) and 21 men (47%). The study group included 25 patients with complicated ACVD with the neurological deficit by hemitype and 20 subjects for control who did not have general somatic disorders. All patients underwent prosthetics with partial removable laminar dentures with acrylic base and clasp fixation system. CONCLUSIONS: Non-parametric comparison in the groups showed that the most significant differences in videokinesiography between the representatives of the second group (ACVD) and the control group on the 30th day of observation were: a relatively smaller amplitude of vertical movements (p =.0001) and smaller amplitude of horizontal movements (p =.0000). Thus, the amplitude of vertical and horizontal movements of the mandible, in our opinion, can be considered as a reliable marker of the functional activity of the dentoalveolar system in patients with a complicated course.

Characteristics of cellular composition of periodontal pockets.

PURPOSE: The development of inflammatory periodontal disease in young people is an urgent problem of today's periodontology, and requires a development of new methods that would give an opportunity not only to diagnose but also for prognosis of periodontitis course in a given patients contingent. RESULTS: Cellular structure of periodontal pockets is presented by hematogenous and epithelial cells. Our results are confirmed by previous studies, and show that the penetration of periodontal pathogens leads to formation in periodontal tissue of a highly active complex compounds-cytokines that are able to modify the activity of neutrophils and reduce their specific antibacterial properties. Cytokines not only adversely affect the periodontal tissues, but also cause further activation of cells that synthesized them, and inhibit tissue repair and process of resynthesis of connective tissue by fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Neutrophilic granulocytes present in each of the types of smear types, but their functional status and quantitative composition is different. The results of our cytological study confirmed the results of immunohistochemical studies, and show that in generalized periodontitis, an inflammatory cellular elements with disorganized epithelial cells and connective tissue of the gums and periodontium, and bacteria form specific types of infiltration in periodontal tissues.