[Efficacy and safety of treatment with ampasse: the results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disorders]. / Effektivnost' i bezopasnost' terapii preparatom ampasse: rezul'taty randomizirovannogo dvoinogo slepogo platsebo-kontroliruemogo issledovaniya u patsientov s khronicheskim narusheniem mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniya.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the drug ampasse in the treatment of patients with chronic cerebrovascular disorders (CCVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, confirmatory study of the efficacy and safety of ampasse (phase III) was conducted in 124 patients aged 50 to 75 years. The main group (MG) - 62 patients, received the test drug ampasse, solution for intravenous administration, 5 mg/ml, at a dose of 5 ml (25 mg), intravenously bolus slowly, the duration of treatment was 15 days. Control group (CG) - 62 patients, received comparison drug: placebo (0.9% sodium chloride-5 ml). RESULTS: All 124 patients fully completed the procedures and visits, there were no dropouts from the study. The proportion of patients who reached the primary endpoint (an increase in the score by 2 or more points on the MoCA scale) was 83.87% in MG and 22.58% in CG, that is, the efficacy of therapy in MG was 61.29% higher than in CG (p<0.001), and good tolerability of the drug was proved. The secondary endpoint is an increase in quality of life (QOL) on the SF-36 V2 scale on Day 31. In MG, there was a statistically significant improvement in all indicators of QOL compared to the baseline. When assessing the safety spectrum, the proportion of patients who had adverse events was 14.52% in MG and 8.06% in CG (p=0.395). CONCLUSION: Ampasse has a positive effect on cognitive functions and QOL, does not increase the frequency of adverse events in patients with CCVD compared to placebo, does not cause significant side effects, and is well tolerated by patients.

Customizing hydrothermal properties of inkjet printed sensitive films by functionalization of carbon nanotubes.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are attractive materials for realizing sensors, owing to their high aspect ratio associated with excellent mechanical, electronic, and thermal properties. Moreover, their sensing properties can be tuned by introducing functional groups on their framework and adjusting the processing conditions. In this paper, we investigate the potential of functionalized CNTs for humidity and temperature sensing by optimization of the functionalization, the processing conditions and the printing conditions. The morphology of the differently functionalized MWCNTs is investigated by infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry (TG) and TG-coupled mass-spectrometric studies. Using the functionalized MWCNTs, films were fabricated with different numbers of layers (4, 6, 8, 10 layers) via inkjet printing on a flexible polyimide substrate containing an interdigital microelectrode. The influence of hydrothermal effects was investigated. The sensitivity to humidity is higher for films prepared with MWCNTs functionalized with a high sonication amplitude and a bigger number of layers due to enhancements of hydrophilicity and water mobility. A higher sensitivity to temperature is achieved by a low sonication amplitude and a small number of layers. For the encapsulation of the temperature sensor against humidity, a Bectron layer is proposed, which reduces also the hysteresis effect. This study demonstrates the efficiency of carboxylic functionalized MWCNTs deposit by inkjet printing for realization of sensitive and cost-effective humidity and temperature sensors. It provides a real example for the interesting contribution of functionalization procedures to the sensing properties of MWCNTs films.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of ARVI treatment regimen including etiotropic (enisamium iodide) and symptomatic treatment].

AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the use of the antiviral drug enisamium iodide in the complex treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) caused by various pathogens in routine clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: А prospective randomized study included 134 patients who were treated in the epidemic season of influenza and ARVI in 20182019. All patients were examined for the presence of influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses in nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR. Patients of the main group received enisamium iodide along with symptomatic therapy, the control group received only symptomatic therapy. The primary parameter of the effectiveness of therapy was evaluated on the scale of the general severity of the manifestations of ARVI (Total Symptom Score TSS) from the 2nd to the 4th day and by the secondary criteria of effectiveness: assessment of the duration of ARVI, the severity of fever, the proportion of patients with normal body temperature, the duration of the main clinical symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, the proportion of patients in whom complications requiring antibiotics were noted, the dynamics of interferon status on the 6th day. To conduct a statistical analysis, depending on the efficiency parameter, the ANCOVA method with a fixed group factor and an initial score on the TSS severity scale was used as covariates, a criterion for comparing quantitative indicators in two independent groups. RESULTS: According to the results of the analysis of the primary efficacy parameter, the median (interquartile range) of the average score on the scale of the general severity of ARVI manifestations in the main group was 4.33 (3.675.83), in the comparison group 6.00 (4.677.25; p0.001). The duration of systemic and local manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections was statistically significantly less in the main group (p=0.002 and p=0.019, respectively). Prescription of additional therapy was required in 2 (2.9%) patients of the main group (patients taking enisamium iodide), compared with 8 (11.9%) patients in the control group. Serum levels of interferon  and interferon  on the last day of treatment were statistically significantly higher in patients of the main group compared with the control group (p0.001). Treatment (excellent) was evaluated by 42 (62.7%) patients, while in the control group only 17 (25.8%) patients gave similar ratings. Both patients (p0.001) and doctors (p0.002) rated therapy tolerance better in the study group. CONCLUSION: The results confirmed the safety and effectiveness of enisamium iodide as a treatment for ARVI and influenza. The antiviral, interferonogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug are involved in the formation of an antiviral response and reduce the risk of complications, which makes it possible to reduce the number of symptomatic agents used.

[The practice of using a domestic antiviral drug in the etiotropic therapy of acute respiratory viral infection].

AIM: Evaluation of efficacy, safety, tolerability, and determination of the optimal dose of riamilovir in patients diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 270 patients with uncomplicated ARVI of mild and moderate severity (with a laboratory-confirmed PCR method for the presence of ARVI antigens, absence of influenza virus antigens). Patients were included in the study after signing an informed consent. Patients were randomized into 3 groups in a 1:1:1 ratio of 90 patients in each group. Completed the study in accordance with the Protocol: 267 patients. The study involved patients diagnosed with ARVI. RESULTS: Confirmed the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the drug riamilovir. Adverse drug reactions associated, in the opinion of the doctor, with taking the drug and resulting in discontinuation of the drug, were not noted in this study. CONCLUSION: As a result of clinical study, the effectiveness of both ARVI treatment regimens with drug riamilovir has been shown. There were no differences in the effectiveness and safety of the proposed treatment regimens. Practical use of both treatment regimens is recommended. However, according to the authors, taking the drug 3 times a day is much more convenient for patients, improves the quality of life and adherence to therapy.

[Immune state of patients of various age with the thyroid gland tumor]. / Immunnyi status bol'nykh razlichnogo vozrasta s novoobrazovaniem shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

The comparative analysis of immune state of the various age patients with benign and malignant thyroid gland (TG) tumors is presented. In the TG cancer the immunogenesis insufficiency is more pronounced. The data obtained trusts the perspectiveness of the immunocorrecting therapy application in patients with the TG cancer.

[A method of preparing sections for express histological diagnosis]. / Sposob izgotovleniia preparatov dlia srochnoi gistologicheskoi diagnostiki.

The method of improving quality of histological slides for intrasurgical diagnosis is proposed. The method consists in preliminary microwave processing of the slice of surgical material before putting in into cryostat for freezing and sections preparation. A slice of surgical material was first immersed in 10 ml of physiological solution (pH = 7.2). Then it was exposed to microwave radiation (2.45 GHz, 1 W/cm2) for 1.5 min. After that the slice was put into cryostat and frozen. Microwave processing is done in a home microwave oven or working chamber of microwave histoprocessor. Essential advantage in quality of slides is obtained.

[Histologic tissue processing in an automated microwave histoprocessor]. / Gistologicheskaia provodka tkanei v avtomaticheskom mikrovolnovom gistoprotsessore.

A new vacuum histoprocessor has been tested as well as new more effective protocols to work with this processor. The device allows histoprocessing of 50 samples simultaneously of surgery, biopsy or autopsy material during 1-1.5 h. Apart from the standard protocols, new protocols with a much lower (5-10 times) expenditure of the chemicals can be implemented due to combination of microwaves and vacuum. Each protocol was tested repeatedly (20 and more times) with stable good quality of microscopic image.

[Acceleration of histologic tissue processing and decalcification using a microwave oven]. / Uskorenie gistologicheskoi provodki tkanei i dekal'tsinatsii s pomoshch'iu mikrovolnovoi pechi.

Feasibility of significant acceleration of histoprocessing by using domestic microwave oven is shown. Two histoprocessing protocols for a single bit and many bits of surgery, biopsy and autopsy materials have been introduced. The design of a special container is described. The histoprocessing period was reduced to 2 hrs. Significant acceleration (10 to 20 times) of decalcification of bone tissue by using domestic microwave oven was achieved. Decalcification took from 3 to 8 hrs in good quality of the microscopic images.

[Results of testing the automatic device At-4M in comparison with AT-4]. / K itogam ispytaniia abtomata AT-4M v sravnenii s avtomatom AT-4.

A flow line of the histological material treatment with the use of improved automatic device AT-4M is described, 2-hour treatment of the endoscopic material is proposed.

[Radiomodifying effect of methandrostenolone on laryngeal cancer cells]. / Radiomodifitsiruiushchee deistvie metandrostenolona na kletki raka gortani.

The property of methandrostenolone, a synthetic male hormone, as a stimulator of proliferative activity of tumour cells was studied in experimental analyses, conducted on the transplanted culture of HEP-2 cells and on xenografts of the human larynx cancer cultured in diffusive chambers. This property of the hormone was used to increase the sensitivity of human laryngeal tumour, to ionizing emission. The morphological study of histological specimens prepared from xenografts and histological specimens of patients with laryngeal tumour, who received preoperative distant gamma-therapy against a background of the methadrostenolone use, gave the results which allow recommending this hormone to be used during radiotherapy of patients with the laryngeal cancer.

[Endolymphatic polychemotherapy of ovarian cancer]. / Endolimfaticheskaia polikhimioterapiia u bol'nykh rakom iaichnikov.

The results of treatment in 118 patients with ovarian cancer are presented. The sessional doses were as follows: thioTEPA--200--300 mg or cyclophosphamide--3200--4000 mg+5-fluorouracil--2000--3000 mg. Despite the fact that 116 patients had III--IV stages of the disease, the objective effect of the treatment was observed in 95 of them. Thus, the complete disappearance of tumor was gained in 3 cases, reduction of the tumor size more than by 50%--in 68 patients, more than by 25%--in 18, an insignificant diminishing of tumor, the appearance of its mobility--in 13. Surgical intervention has been performed in 96 patients, that makes 82% of the operability. Supravaginal amputation of the uterus with adnexa and extirpation of the greater omentum have been performed in 76 cases, that yields 67% of resectability. Sole tumors have been removed in 11 patients, the intervention being confined to laparotomy in 6 (5.1%). Pronounced degenerative and necrobiotic alterations in the tumor were revealed by its histochemical assay in 22 patients 40, 50 and 60 days after endolymphatic infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs.

[Benign non-epithelial tumors of the stomach]. / O dobrokachestvennykh neepitelial'nykh opukholiakh zheludka.

Six cases of mature non-epithelial tumours of the stomach are described; epithelioid leiomyoma, leiomyoma, lipoma, two fibromata and angiofibrolipoma. Noteworthy is the extremely rarely occurring epithelioid leiomyoma. In one case, lipoma and chronic peptic ulcer coexisted. All the stomach tumours under study were mature benign ones, but some of them presented a clinical course with signs of malignancy probably due to the endogastric growth of the tumour, its dimensions, and its localization near the stomach outlet, as well as to the breach of integrity of the mucous membrane above the tumour.

[Metastasis to the lymph nodes as an index of the effectiveness of preoperative endolymphatic polychemotherapy of cervix cancer]. / Metastazirovanie v limfouzly kak pokazatel' éffektivnosti predoperatsionnoi éndolimfaticheskoi polikhimioterapii raka sheiki matki.

Ninety eight patients with cervical cancer were subjected to endolymphatic chemotherapy with multiple cytostatic drugs to affect metastatic lymph nodes. A comcentrated mixture of chemotherapeutic drugs (total amount about 20 ml) was injected into plantar lymph vessels, an interval being 10-14 days. The combinations and dosage of the drugs were as follows: thio-TEPA (100-150 mg) or cyclophosphamid (1000-2000 mg)+methotrexate (100 mg)+5-fluorouracil (1000-1500 mg). Subsequently, 76 patients underwent an extended extirpation of the uterus with adnexa, and their lymph-nodes were studied morphologically. It was found that the number of metastases into the lymphnodes was considerably less than it had been expected. Of 45 patients with the disease stage II metastases have been found only in 3 cases (7%). Of 24 patients with cancer stage III the lymphnodes were involved in 4 cases (16.6%). According to the literature data metastatic involvement of the lymphnodes is on an average encountered in 36% for stage II and in 51% - for stage III.

[Ultrastructural changes in ovarian tumor cancer cells under the influence of preoperative chemotherapy]. / Ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia rakovykh kletok opukholei iaichnika pod vliianiem predoperatsionnoi khimioterapii

Studies of ultrastructural changes in cancerous cells of tumours of the ovaries in patients who had undergone preoperative chemotherapy, and the ultrastructural organization of cancerous cells of the overies in patients who had received no such treatment were carried out. Comparisons of the data obtained were made. It is established that preoperative chemotherapy brought about changes both in the nucleus and in cytoplasma of the cancerous cells. In particular, non-uniform distribution of nucleous chromatin, its quantitative decrease, enlargement of nucleoli, destruction of the cytoplasmic network membranes, vacuolization of mitochondria with destruction of crista therein, were observed. Preoperative chemotherapy leads to distortion of the genetic information of cancerous cells, causes inhibition of energy and metabolism processes in these cells, which results in perish of the cells and in regression of tumours.