Temperament Profiles of Children and Adolescents with Psychotic and Mood Disorders.

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are often linked to dysfunctions within neurotransmitter systems, and the same systems play a role in healthy temperaments. Development of a common bio-behavioural taxonomy based on functionality of neurotransmitter systems suggests examining temperament profiles in patients with various psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: (1) To investigate temperament profiles in two age groups of children with delusional disorders; (2) to investigate temperament profiles in adolescents with mood disorders; (3) to investigate temperament profiles in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) children. METHODS: Sample: in total 171 participants (M/F = 91/80), healthy children and teenagers (volunteers); two age groups of children with psychotic disorders; teens with mood disorders (clients of the Federal Mental Health Center) and healthy IVF. Parents of participants completed a test based on the neurochemical model Functional Ensemble of Temperament (FET). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: (1) Both age groups of children with psychotic disorders had significantly lower scores on the scales of physical endurance, tempo, plasticity, and self-satisfaction, in comparison to healthy controls; the psychotic group aged 5-11 had also lower scores on the impulsivity scale, whereas the psychotic group 12-17 had lower scores on the social endurance and social tempo scales and higher neuroticism. (2) Teens with mood disorders had lower scores on the self-confidence-satisfaction scale and higher scores on the impulsivity scale, in comparison to controls. (3) No difference between IVF and naturally conceived children were found. The results show the benefits of using the FET framework for structuring the correspondence between psychiatric disorders and temperament as it differentiates between social versus physical aspects of behaviour and orientational versus executive aspects.

Study of anti-virus actions of metabolites of lactobacteria.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: of the work was to study the antiviral activity of the metabolites of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG or ATCC 53103) regarding clinical strains of enteroviruses (Coxsackie B-5, ECNO21) isolated from the feces of intestinal infections. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The object of the study was substrate-dependent cell cultures of HeLa, Vero, Hep-2 lines. The titer of the virus was determined by the presence of a clear cytopathic action (CPA) in the monolayer infected cells of the virus. RESULTS: Results: Determination of the enteric virus infections activity in the culture fluid showed that in samples with the LGG metabolites, the infections activity of the clinical strains of enteroviruses decreased after 24 hours, at 1.5-1.7 (p <0.05) times, and after 96 hours in 3, 6 - 5,7 times (p <0,01). the processing of cell cultures by metabolites in the amount of 0.3 mg / ml contributed to a decrease in the titer of viruses by 2.77 ± 0.11 lg TCDD50 / cm3, 2.83 ± 0.11 lg TCD50 / cm3 and 2.94 ± 0.13 lg TCD50 / cm3 for Vero, HeLa and Hep-2 line cells in 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: It has been experimentally determined that the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of L. rhamnosus GG metabolites was 0.3 µg / ml for all cultures of cell lines. Determination of the antiviral activity of L. rhamnosus GG metabolites in clinical viruses of enteroviruses (Coxsackie B-5 and ECNO-21) showed a decrease in infection activity in 1.5-1.7 times, (p <0.05) of clinical trials in clinical trials enteroviruses.

Retrospective Study of the Clinical Epidemiological Characteristics of Pertussis in Infants Prior to Their First Vaccination in the Russian Federation.

INTRODUCTION: The coverage of pediatric pertussis vaccination in the Russian Federation is high, generally using a diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis vaccine in a 3-, 4.5-, and 6-month primary series and with a booster at 18 months of age. However, with no registered pertussis vaccines for adults, unvaccinated adolescents and adults can be a major source of infection of infants under 3 months of age. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective, clinical epidemiological analysis to characterize pertussis in infants aged up to 3 months who contracted pertussis and were hospitalized in four different cities in the Russian Federation was performed. Archived medical records and a questionnaire were used to collect the relevant epidemiological and clinical aspects for each case of pertussis over a 2-year period. RESULTS: Infants in four different regions of the Russian Federation in the first 3 months of life, prior to their first pertussis vaccination, are at risk of pertussis infection. The severity is generally worse in neonates, and can lead to complications that can require intensive care. CONCLUSION: Prior to vaccination, young infants in the Russian Federation remain vulnerable to severe pertussis, which may be worsened by their proximity to unvaccinated adults.