[Surgical treatment of cancer of the large intestine, complicated by intestinal obstruction]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie raka tol'stoi kishki, oslozhnennogo kishechnoi neprokhodimost'iu.

Retrospective analysis of the treatment of 3,080 patients with cancer of the large intestine made it possible to distinguish compensated, sub- and decompensated degrees of the neoplastic stenosis and place the two last named into the category of a complicated course of cancer. In subcompensated stenosis (complications in 16.3% of cases, mortality 5.9%), irrespective of the location of the tumor, the authors consider one-stage intervention with primary restoration of the continuity of the intestine to be the operation of choice. In decompensated stenosis (complications 28.9%, mortality 13.2%) caused by tumors of the right colon and the rectum they recommend a similar policy, while in tumors of the left colon they believe Hartmann's operation to be indicated.

[Radical and palliative combined surgery in the surgical treatment of cancer of the rectum]. / Radikal'nye i palliativnye kombinirovannye operatsii v khirurgicheskom lechenii raka priamoi kishki.

Analysis of 186 combined resections and extirpations of the rectum for primary carcinoma, among which 31 were palliative operations, showed that the indications for them are limited with age from 21.7% in the young to 12.8% in patients over 60 years of age. Combined interventions were carried out irrespective of the site of the tumor in the rectum. Morphological verification of growth of the tumor into other organs in 32.3% of patients who had been operated on merely points to the expediency of a combined operation excluding ungrounded refusal of treatment. Combined operations failed to lead to an increase in postoperative mortality, which was 5.4%, and produce favourable late-term results--54.5 +/- 4.3% of patients have a survival period of 5 years.

[Improvement of the effectiveness of the surgical treatment in cancer of the colon]. / Povyshenie éffektivnosti khirugicheskogo lecheniia raka obodochnoi kishki.

The authors studied the results of 585 resections of the colon and hemicolectomies which were performed for carcinoma; 105 of the operations were palliative. Among the radical operations 82 (17.1%) and among the palliative operations 28 (26.7%) were combined. 247 patients were 60 years of age and older. In the early postoperative period 5.0% of patients died after radical and 16.2% after palliative operations. Postoperative lethality was higher in combined operations and among elderly and old aged patients.

[Combined surgery in cancer of the colon]. / Kombinirovannye operatsii pri rake obodochnoi kishki.

The study was concerned with the short- and long-term results of 80 radical and 27 palliative combined resections and hemicolectomy for colonic cancer involving other organs or accompanied by solitary distant metastases. Tumor elements were morphologically identified in other resected organs (53.3%). 15.9% of surgical patients died within short periods after operation. Colon was anastomosed immediately in 97 patients (90.7%), cecostomy being performed in two of them shortly after operation. Five--year survival was 53.5% in radically--operated patients and 31.6%--in cases of palliative treatment.

[Combination primary restorative surgical interventions in cancer of the rectum in women]. / Kombinirovannye pervichno-vosstanovitel'nye khirurgicheskie vmeshatel'stva pri rake priamoi kishki u zhenshchin.

In the past 15 years, 136 combined operations in women with locally disseminated rectal cancer were performed. Eighty-two (60.3%) operations were primary-restorative. After them, the lethality was 2.9%, 3- and 5-year survival--64 and 40%, respectively. The performance of the combined sphincter-preserving operations is expedient, despite the spreading of the primary tumour.

[Expansion of the indications for surgery in neglected rectal cancer]. / O rasshirenii pokazanii k operatsii pri zapushchennoi rake priamoi kishki.

Radical surgery was performed in 971 (86.0%) cases of rectal cancer, while palliative resection or extirpation of the rectum--in 158 (14.0%). The postoperative lethality rates were 5.8 and 11.4%, respectively. Sixty-seven patients aged 60 and more underwent palliative resection or extirpation, with eight (11.9%) fatalities occurring shortly after treatment. The postoperative lethality rate was 8.8% in cases of exploratory laparotomy and symptomatic surgery, reaching 15.3% in a group of patients aged 60 years and more. It is inferred that palliative resection, extirpation and palliative combined surgery are justified in treatment advanced rectal cancer whatever patient's age.

[Surgical treatment of complicated cancer of the rectum]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie oslozhnennogo raka priamoi kishki.

The authors make an analysis of results of the surgical treatment of 246 patients with rectum carcinoma complicated by partial or complete ileus, pararectal abscess and perforation of the tumor. The data obtained show that primary resection of the tumor especially with a one-step reestablishment of the colon continuity is one of the main prerequisites for the elimination of postoperative complications and lethality.