Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
The method of processing and the results of measurements of 131I content in the thyroids of Russian people performed in May-June 1986 are presented. The contribution of radiation from Cs radionuclides in the human body was taken into account in the processing of measurement data with an SRP-68-01 device. The greatest individual 131I content was found in the thyroids of inhabitants of the Bryansk region, up to 250-350 kBq, and in the Tula and Orel regions, up to 100 kBq. The average 131I thyroid activity in the middle of May 1986 reached 80 kBq for inhabitants of some settlements in the Bryansk region, 5-8 kBq in the Tula region and 5 kBq in the Orel region.
Assuntos
Radioisótopos do Iodo/farmacocinética , Modelos Biológicos , Centrais Elétricas , Cinza Radioativa/análise , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Radiometria/métodos , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Simulação por Computador , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Radioisótopos do Iodo/análise , Masculino , Taxa de Depuração Metabólica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doses de Radiação , Federação Russa , UcrâniaRESUMO
The paper deals with one of the most urgent aspects of irradiation hygiene, namely assessment of risk for irradiation-induced cancers of the thyroid. A model is described to predict high mortality rates of thyroidal cancer in the population due to the catastrophe at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station. With the model, life-time risk rates involving sex and age at the moment of irradiation, as well as an irradiation mode.
Assuntos
Acidentes , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Reatores Nucleares , Glândula Tireoide/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos Teóricos , Doses de Radiação , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo , UcrâniaRESUMO
Basing on 131I uptake functions in the thyroid of 109 patients irradiation doses of this organ were evaluated for persons with normal iodine metabolism and in the following diseases: hypothyrosis, moderate thyrotoxicosis, nodular toxic and nontoxic goiter, vegetative neurosis. Maximum tolerant doses of 123I, 125I, 131I and 132I are recommended for diagnostic examination of thyroid function and scanning of this organ.
Assuntos
Radioisótopos do Iodo , Doses de Radiação , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Humanos , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Testes de Função TireóideaRESUMO
According to well documented histories a group of experts-endocrinologists determined the presence of one or another disease in 109 patients with different thyroid pathology. Two examinations were performed according to the clinical findings and on the basis of the same indices, added by results of the radioiodine test. Diagnostic informativity of different indices of the radioiodine test was evaluated according to the correlation (by means of calculation of the correlations) between the radiological parameter and the disease probability. It was concluded that the parameters of the routine research methods (131I absorption within 2, 4, 24 and 48 hours) are more informative than the values of more complicated variants of the radioiodine test. Informativity of the whole radiological and non-radiological findings was estimated, using a diagnostic coefficient method. It was shown that the role of radiological indices in making a correct diagnosis averages 17% and in cases of hypothyrosis and toxic forms of goiter this value increases up to 30%.
