Frequency of Application of AmF/NaF/SnCl2 Solution and Its Potential in Controlling Human Enamel Erosion Progression: An in situ Study.

Although several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution in inhibiting dental erosion progression, measures for further improvement in its effectiveness are paramount. Thus, this in situ study evaluated whether the protective effect promoted by the AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution would be enhanced by increasing its frequency of use. The study was conducted with 12 volunteers, a 4-phase (5 days each) randomized, crossover model. Extraoral erosive challenges (0.5% citric acid, pH 2.6, 6 × 2 min/day) and rinsing protocol (1 or 2 × 2 min/day) were performed. Before the in situ phase, human enamel samples were subjected to an in vitro surface softening (1% citric acid, pH 4.0, for 3 min). Four treatment protocols were tested using samples in replicas (n = 12): group G1 - deionized water (negative control); G2 - NaF solution (positive control, 500 ppm F-, pH 4.5); G3 - AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution (500 ppm F-, 800 ppm Sn2+, pH 4.5) once a day; G4 - AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution twice a day. Tissue loss and morphological changes were determined by optical profilometry (n = 12) and scanning electron microscopy (n = 3) analysis, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with subsequent pairwise comparison of treatments. Tissue loss means (±SD in µm) for each treatment protocol and statistical differences were found as follows: G1 4.55 ± 2.75, G2 4.59 ± 2.13, G3 2.64 ± 1.55, and G4 1.34 ± 1.16. Although there was no difference between the 2 AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution application regimens (once or twice a day), application of the product twice a day was the only treatment that was able to control erosion progression, differing from the control groups.

[Protocol for the preparation of preschool children to venous puncture using therapeutic play]. / Protocolo de preparo da criança pré-escolar para punção venosa, com utilização do brinquedo terapêutico.

This exploratory-descriptive study aims at elaborating a protocol, using therapeutic play, for the preparation of preschool children to venous puncture and also at testing its efficiency and applicability. The children that attended the play session were more cooperative when they were punctured. They understood the need and technical aspects of this clinical procedure; manifested their feelings, elaborated familiar and hospital situations that resulted in a better relationship with the other children and the nursing team. Authors concluded that this protocol is feasible and useful and suggested that it should be incorporated in the nursing care plan to hospitalized children.

[Progressive hemifacial atrophy (Parry-Romberg disease): study of a case]. / Atrofia hemifacial progressiva (doença de Parry-Romberg): estudo de um caso.

A caracteristic case of hemifacial progressive atrophy at right is reported. The patient was a man with 45 year-old. There were epileptic crisis at left too. Alterations observed in clinical-neurological examination are referred. In computadorized tomographic axial examination there were parietotemporal atrophy at left and frontal contrast hipercaptation at right. In EEG there were lentification at right and depression at left who was in concordance with the pathological alterations of the patient: atrophy and cortical depression at left with facial atrophy at right and lentification and contrast hipercaptation at right with epileptic crisis at left. EMG showed facial velocity conduction slowed at right. The authors believe in atrophy hemifacial progressive has been a disease which injuries central and peripheral nervous system at one time.

[Effects of barbexaclone in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome]. / Efeitos do barbexaclone na síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut.

The Lennox-Gastaut syndrome has been a source of interest for many workers both from a clinical and electroencephalographic view point. Treatment has always posed problems. Without suggesting an ideal medication for this syndrome, the authors have obtained good results with barbexaclone. Taking into consideration the convulsive manifestations, psychic changes and electroencephalographic details as parameters the therapeutic efficacy of this drug was studied in seven cases.