Carcass characteristics of small and medium-frame Aberdeen Angus young steers - 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i1.12463

Carcass characteristics of small and medium-frame Aberdeen Angus young steers, finished in feedlot and slaughtered with similar subcutaneous fat thickness are evaluated. The average age and live weight at the start of feedlot were respectively 298 days and 202 kg. The steers were confined during 158 days, and slaughtered with average subcutaneous fat thickness of 6.4 mm. The feed consisted of sorghum silage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio of dry matter during the first 63 days and 50:50 afterward. The frame was calculated by formula F =-11.548 + (0.4878xh) - (0.0289xID) + (0.0000146xID²)+(0.0000759xIDxh), where h is the height and ID the age, in days. Steers with medium frame showed superiority in important marketing aspects such as warm (p 0.0001) and cold carcass (p 0.0001) weights. Muscularity measurements such as longissimus dorsi area in relation to cold carcass (p = 0.0477) and empty body (p = 0.0419) weights were lower for medium-frame steers. Carcass conformation, longissimus dorsi area and cushion thickness were similar in both frame. The commercial cuts, forequarter (p 0.001), flank (p = 0.009) and saw cut (p = 0.0003) in kg were higher for medium-frame steers. Saw cut decreased 0.18% with an increase in frame (p = 0.0404). Weight of the carcass tissues increased with the steers frame, whereas the percentage of muscle tissue decreased 0.57% (p = 0.0410)

Carcass characteristics of small and medium-frame Aberdeen Angus young steers - 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i1.12463

Carcass characteristics of small and medium-frame Aberdeen Angus young steers, finished in feedlot and slaughtered with similar subcutaneous fat thickness are evaluated. The average age and live weight at the start of feedlot were respectively 298 days and 202 kg. The steers were confined during 158 days, and slaughtered with average subcutaneous fat thickness of 6.4 mm. The feed consisted of sorghum silage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio of dry matter during the first 63 days and 50:50 afterward. The frame was calculated by formula F =-11.548 + (0.4878xh) - (0.0289xID) + (0.0000146xID²)+(0.0000759xIDxh), where h is the height and ID the age, in days. Steers with medium frame showed superiority in important marketing aspects such as warm (p 0.0001) and cold carcass (p 0.0001) weights. Muscularity measurements such as longissimus dorsi area in relation to cold carcass (p = 0.0477) and empty body (p = 0.0419) weights were lower for medium-frame steers. Carcass conformation, longissimus dorsi area and cushion thickness were similar in both frame. The commercial cuts, forequarter (p 0.001), flank (p = 0.009) and saw cut (p = 0.0003) in kg were higher for medium-frame steers. Saw cut decreased 0.18% with an increase in frame (p = 0.0404). Weight of the carcass tissues increased with the steers frame, whereas the percentage of muscle tissue decreased 0.57% (p = 0.0410)

Fat sources in diets for feedlot-finished steers - carcass and meat characteristics / Fontes de gordura na dieta de novilhos terminados em confinamento características da carcaça e da carne

The object of this study was to compare the effect of different sources of fat in the diet for feedlot steers on carcass and meat characteristics. Twenty steers were distributed into four treatments: BC basic concentrate; IRB basic concentrate + rice bran + rice oil; M3 - basic concentrate + 3% of fatty acids calcium salts; and M6 basic concentrate + 6% of fatty acids calcium salts. Previously to slaughter, the animals were submitted to a 14-hour fasting and were weighted to obtain slaughter weight. A slaughter was carried out in a commercial slaughterhouse and followed normal slaughter flow. The complete randomized block experimental design was used, with four treatments and four replications (blocks), being the animals genetic group the blocking criteria. The highest fat accumulation was found in carcasses of animals from M6 treatments (5.21mm). Animals that consumed 6% of fatty acid calcium salts showed carcass with higher edible portion (6.31 vs. average of 5.7, respectively, for M6 and others treatments). The inclusion of fatty acids calcium salts in the diet improved carcass finishing and increased carcass total fat content. The inclusion of rice bran and oil or fatty acid calcium salts did not change animals meat characteristics.KEYWORDS: fatty acids calcium salts; rice oil; fat thickness; whole rice bran subcutaneous.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o efeito de diferentes fontes de gordura na dieta de novilhos confinados nas características de carcaça e carne. Vinte novilhos foram distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: BC concentrado base; IRB concentrado base + farelo de arroz integral + óleo de arroz; M3 concentrado base + 3% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos; e M6 concentrado base + 6% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos. Previamente ao abate, os animais foram submetidos a jejum de 14 horas e pesados para obtenção do peso de fazenda. Os animais foram abatidos em frigorífico comercial, seguindo o fluxo normal do abatedouro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições (blocos), sendo o critério de bloqueio o grupo genético. As carcaças de animais do tratamento M6 apresentaram a maior espessura de gordura subcutânea (5,21 mm). Animais que consumiram 6% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos apresentaram carcaças com maior porção comestível (6,31 contra média de 5,7, respectivamente para M6 e demais tratamentos). A inclusão de ácidos graxos na dieta melhorou o acabamento das carcaças e aumento o conteúdo total de gordura. A inclusão de farelo de arroz integral e óleo ou sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos não alterou as características da carne dos animais.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: espessura de gordura subcutânea; farelo de arroz integr

FAT SOURCES IN DIETS FOR FEEDLOT-FINISHED STEERS - CARCASS AND MEAT CHARACTERISTICS / FONTES DE GORDURA NA DIETA DE NOVILHOS TERMINADOS EM CONFINAMENTO CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CARCAÇA E DA CARNE

The object of this study was to compare the effect of different sources of fat in the diet for feedlot steers on carcass and meat characteristics. Twenty steers were distributed into four treatments: BC basic concentrate; IRB basic concentrate + rice bran + rice oil; M3 - basic concentrate + 3% of fatty acids calcium salts; and M6 basic concentrate + 6% of fatty acids calcium salts. Previously to slaughter, the animals were submitted to a 14-hour fasting and were weighted to obtain slaughter weight. A slaughter was carried out in a commercial slaughterhouse and followed normal slaughter flow. The complete randomized block experimental design was used, with four treatments and four replications (blocks), being the animals genetic group the blocking criteria. The highest fat accumulation was found in carcasses of animals from M6 treatments (5.21mm). Animals that consumed 6% of fatty acid calcium salts showed carcass with higher edible portion (6.31 vs. average of 5.7, respectively, for M6 and others treatments). The inclusion of fatty acids calcium salts in the diet improved carcass finishing and increased carcass total fat content. The inclusion of rice bran and oil or fatty acid calcium salts did not change animals meat characteristics.KEYWORDS: fatty acids calcium salts; rice oil; fat thickness; whole rice bran subcutaneous.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o efeito de diferentes fontes de gordura na dieta de novilhos confinados nas características de carcaça e carne. Vinte novilhos foram distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: BC concentrado base; IRB concentrado base + farelo de arroz integral + óleo de arroz; M3 concentrado base + 3% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos; e M6 concentrado base + 6% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos. Previamente ao abate, os animais foram submetidos a jejum de 14 horas e pesados para obtenção do peso de fazenda. Os animais foram abatidos em frigorífico comercial, seguindo o fluxo normal do abatedouro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições (blocos), sendo o critério de bloqueio o grupo genético. As carcaças de animais do tratamento M6 apresentaram a maior espessura de gordura subcutânea (5,21 mm). Animais que consumiram 6% de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos apresentaram carcaças com maior porção comestível (6,31 contra média de 5,7, respectivamente para M6 e demais tratamentos). A inclusão de ácidos graxos na dieta melhorou o acabamento das carcaças e aumento o conteúdo total de gordura. A inclusão de farelo de arroz integral e óleo ou sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos não alterou as características da carne dos animais.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: espessura de gordura subcutânea; farelo de arroz integr

Características da carcaça de novilhos de diferentes grupos genéticos, terminados em confinamento, recebendo diferentes níveis de concentrado

The carcass quantitative characteristics of feedlot finished Charolais or Nellore steers, receiving three levels of concentrated in the diet: 35; 50 and 65%, were evaluated. Sorghum and corn silages were used as roughage. A significant interaction (P .05) between treatment and genetic group for subcutaneous fat thickness (EG), EG per 100kg of carcass (EG100) and arm length was observed, where no effect of the concentrated level (NC) was observed on EG (3.33mm) and EG100 (1.7) for Charolais steers, while for Nellore steers the regression equation was quadratic for these two characteristics (EG = 23.62 - 0.759NC + 0.007NC²; EG100 = 14.51-0.473NC + 0.004 NC²). For arm length, Nellore steers had any variation (38.97cm), while on Charolais steers, had linear addition with the increment of the concentrated level in the diet (CBR = 31.98 + 0.098NC). Any effect (P>.05) of the concentrated level for the others characteristics studied was observed. The Charolais steers had presented higher slaughter weight (372.2 versus 325.6kg), hot carcass (201.1 versus 180.0kg) and cold carcass (196.6 versus 175.5kg), saw cut weight (52.0 versus 43.6kg) and side cut weight (42.4 versus 11.0kg), carcass length (118.4 versus 111.8cm), cushion thickness (25.4 versus 23.3cm), arm perimeter (39.1 versus 34.6cm), conformation (11.3 versus 9.5 points), Longissimus muscle area (66.4 versus 53.8cm²) and saw cut percentage (52.0 versus 49.4%). The Nellore steers presented higher leg length (68.5 versus 58.1cm) and fore quarter percentage (38.1 versus 35.5%).

Foram avaliadas as características qualitativas / quantitativas da carcaça de 22 novilhos das raças Charolês ou Nelore, que receberam três níveis de concentrado na dieta: 35; 50 e 65%, durante a fase de terminação em confinamento. Como volumoso, foram utilizadas as silagens de sorgo e de milho. Foi observada interação significativa (P 0,05) entre tratamento e grupo genético para espessura de gordura subcutânea (EG), EG por 100kg de carcaça (EG100) e comprimento de braço. Não houve efeito do nível de concentrado (NC) sobre a EG (3,33mm) e EG100 (1,7) para os novilhos da raça Charolês, enquanto que para os animais da raça Nelore a equação de regressão se mostrou quadrática para estas duas características (EG = 23,62 - 0,759NC + 0,007NC²; EG100 = 14,51 - 0,473NC + 0,004 NC²). Para comprimento de braço (CBR), não houve variação na raça Nelore (38,97cm), enquanto que, na raça Charolês, houve acréscimo linear com o incremento do nível de concentrado na dieta (CBR = 31,98 + 0,098NC). Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) do nível de concentrado para as demais características de carcaça estudadas. Os novilhos Charolês apresentaram maior peso de abate (372,2 contra 325,6kg), carcaça quente (201,1 contra 180,0kg) e fria (196,1 contra 175,5kg), de traseiro (52,0 contra 43,6kg) e de costilhar (12,4 contra 11,0kg), comprimento de carcaça (118,4 contra 111,8cm), espessura de coxão (25,4 contra 23,3cm), perímetro de braço (39,1 contra 34,6cm), conformação (11,3 contra 9,5 pontos), área do músculo Longissimus dorsi (66,4 contra 53,8cm²) e percentagem de traseiro (52.0 contra 49,4%). Os novilhos Nelore, por sua vez, apresentaram maior comprimento de perna (68,5 contra 58,1cm) e percentagem de dianteiro (38,1 contra 35,5%).

Características da carcaça de novilhos de diferentes grupos genéticos, terminados em confinamento, recebendo diferentes níveis de concentrado

The carcass quantitative characteristics of feedlot finished Charolais or Nellore steers, receiving three levels of concentrated in the diet: 35; 50 and 65%, were evaluated. Sorghum and corn silages were used as roughage. A significant interaction (P .05) between treatment and genetic group for subcutaneous fat thickness (EG), EG per 100kg of carcass (EG100) and arm length was observed, where no effect of the concentrated level (NC) was observed on EG (3.33mm) and EG100 (1.7) for Charolais steers, while for Nellore steers the regression equation was quadratic for these two characteristics (EG = 23.62 - 0.759NC + 0.007NC²; EG100 = 14.51-0.473NC + 0.004 NC²). For arm length, Nellore steers had any variation (38.97cm), while on Charolais steers, had linear addition with the increment of the concentrated level in the diet (CBR = 31.98 + 0.098NC). Any effect (P>.05) of the concentrated level for the others characteristics studied was observed. The Charolais steers had presented higher slaughter weight (372.2 versus 325.6kg), hot carcass (201.1 versus 180.0kg) and cold carcass (196.6 versus 175.5kg), saw cut weight (52.0 versus 43.6kg) and side cut weight (42.4 versus 11.0kg), carcass length (118.4 versus 111.8cm), cushion thickness (25.4 versus 23.3cm), arm perimeter (39.1 versus 34.6cm), conformation (11.3 versus 9.5 points), Longissimus muscle area (66.4 versus 53.8cm²) and saw cut percentage (52.0 versus 49.4%). The Nellore steers presented higher leg length (68.5 versus 58.1cm) and fore quarter percentage (38.1 versus 35.5%).

Foram avaliadas as características qualitativas / quantitativas da carcaça de 22 novilhos das raças Charolês ou Nelore, que receberam três níveis de concentrado na dieta: 35; 50 e 65%, durante a fase de terminação em confinamento. Como volumoso, foram utilizadas as silagens de sorgo e de milho. Foi observada interação significativa (P 0,05) entre tratamento e grupo genético para espessura de gordura subcutânea (EG), EG por 100kg de carcaça (EG100) e comprimento de braço. Não houve efeito do nível de concentrado (NC) sobre a EG (3,33mm) e EG100 (1,7) para os novilhos da raça Charolês, enquanto que para os animais da raça Nelore a equação de regressão se mostrou quadrática para estas duas características (EG = 23,62 - 0,759NC + 0,007NC²; EG100 = 14,51 - 0,473NC + 0,004 NC²). Para comprimento de braço (CBR), não houve variação na raça Nelore (38,97cm), enquanto que, na raça Charolês, houve acréscimo linear com o incremento do nível de concentrado na dieta (CBR = 31,98 + 0,098NC). Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) do nível de concentrado para as demais características de carcaça estudadas. Os novilhos Charolês apresentaram maior peso de abate (372,2 contra 325,6kg), carcaça quente (201,1 contra 180,0kg) e fria (196,1 contra 175,5kg), de traseiro (52,0 contra 43,6kg) e de costilhar (12,4 contra 11,0kg), comprimento de carcaça (118,4 contra 111,8cm), espessura de coxão (25,4 contra 23,3cm), perímetro de braço (39,1 contra 34,6cm), conformação (11,3 contra 9,5 pontos), área do músculo Longissimus dorsi (66,4 contra 53,8cm²) e percentagem de traseiro (52.0 contra 49,4%). Os novilhos Nelore, por sua vez, apresentaram maior comprimento de perna (68,5 contra 58,1cm) e percentagem de dianteiro (38,1 contra 35,5%).