RESUMO
Inexpensive 5-Fr, single-lumen polyvinyl catheters are light and flexible enough to be floated into the root of the pulmonary artery. True mixed venous blood samples can be obtained rapidly from these catheters, and pressure waves are insignificantly damped. In 36 (84%) of 43 dogs, after the catheter had been surgically introduced via the external jugular vein, its tip was positioned in the root of the pulmonary artery. Twenty hours later, the overall success rate rose to 91%. In 11 (92%) of 12 critically ill human patients the catheter's tip was rapidly placed in the root of the pulmonary artery after the catheter had been introduced percutaneously via the subclavian vein. Only 2 patients and 2 dogs exhibited ventricular extrasystoles.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Cardíaco/instrumentação , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea , Cães , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Artéria Pulmonar/fisiologiaRESUMO
Injections of hyperosmotic (7.5%) sodium chloride (100-400 ml) were given to 12 patients in terminal hypovolaemic shock who had not responded to vigorous volume replacement and corticosteroid and dopamine infusions. Hyperosmotic sodium chloride promptly reversed the shock in 11 of these patients. The immediate effects of the NaCl injections were a moderate rise in arterial pressure, the resumption of urine flow, and recovery of consciousness. These effects tended to persist for a few hours. The hyperosmotic infusion also reduced isosmotic fluid requirement by 90%.
