[Clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci: most frequent species and virulence factors]. / Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativa clínicamente significativos: Especies más frecuentes y factores de virulencia.

BACKGROUND: Coagulase-negative staphylococci have emerged as responsible for a large number of infections. However, it is often difficult to assess its pathogenic role or to discard it as a contaminant. AIM: The goal of this study was to identify clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci to the species level and their virulence factors. Isolates came from patients consulting at the San Roque Laboratory from 2009 to 2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Species identification was performed by De Paulis et al simplified method. Production of biofilm, hemolysins, lipases, lecithinases and DNase were determined by conventional methods; methicillin-resistance by diffusion method and mecA and Panton-Valentine genes, by multiplex PCR. RESULTS: Out of 64 isolates, 40.6% were S. epidermidis; 20.3%, S. haemolyticus, and 15.6%, S. lugdunensis. Biofilm production was detected in 73.1% of S. epidermidis, 53.8% of S. haemolyticus and 40% of S. lugdunensis. mecA gene was identified in 69.2% of S. epidermidis, 92.3% of S. haemolyticus and none of S. lugdunensis. 83% of mecA (+) S. epidermidis isolates were biofilm producers as compared to 50% of the mecA (-). CONCLUSION: The frequency of S. lugdunensis, the most virulent coagulase-negative staphylococci species, was relatively high. The main virulence factor in S. epidermidis was biofilm production, being higher in those resistant to methicillin.

Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativa clínicamente significativos: Especies más frecuentes y factores de virulencia / Clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci: Most frequent species and virulence factors

Coagulase-negative staphylococci have emerged as responsible for a large number of infections. However, it is often difficult to assess its pathogenic role or to discard it as a contaminant. Aim: The goal of this study was to identify clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci to the species level and their virulence factors. Isolates came from patients consulting at the San Roque Laboratory from 2009 to 2011. Material and Methods: Species identification was performed by De Paulis et al simplified method. Production of biofilm, hemolysins, lipases, lecithinases and DNase were determined by conventional methods; methicillin-resistance by diffusion method and mecA and Panton-Valentine genes, by multiplex PCR. Results: Out of 64 isolates, 40.6% were S. epidermidis; 20.3%, S. haemolyticus, and 15.6%, S. lugdunensis. Biofilm production was detected in 73.1% of S. epidermidis, 53.8% of S. haemolyticus and 40% of S. lugdunensis. mecA gene was identified in 69.2% of S. epidermidis, 92.3% of S. haemolyticus and none of S. lugdunensis. 83% of mecA (+) S. epidermidis isolates were biofilm producers as compared to 50% of the mecA (-). Conclusion: The frequency of S. lugdunensis, the most virulent coagulase-negative staphylococci species, was relatively high. The main virulence factor in S. epidermidis was biofilm production, being higher in those resistant to methicillin.

Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativa ha emergido como responsable de un gran número de infecciones. No obstante, con frecuencia es difícil asegurar su rol patógeno o descartarlo como contaminante. Objetivo: Estudiar a nivel de especies Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativa clínicamente significativos y sus factores de virulencia, de aislados provenientes de pacientes del Laboratorio San Roque de Asunción, Paraguay entre los años 2009 y 2011. Material y Métodos: Para la identificación de especies fue utilizado el método simplificado de De Paulis y cols. La producción de biopelícula, hemolisinas, lipasas, lecitinasas, AD-Nasa, fue determinada por métodos convencionales; la resistencia a meticilina por difusión y los genes mecA y Panton-Valentine por RPC múltiple. Resultados: De 64 aislados, 40,6% correspondió a S. epidermidis, 20,3% S. haemolyticus y 15,6% S. lugdunensis. La producción de biopelícula fue detectada en S. epidermidis en 73,1%, S. haemolyticus 53,8% y S. lugdunensis 40%. El gen mecA fue identificado en 69,2% de S. epidermidis, 92,3% de S. haemolyticus y en ninguno de S. lugdunensis. El 83% de S. epidermidis mecA (+) fue productor de biopelícula en comparación a 50% de los mecA (-). Conclusión: La frecuencia de S. lugdunensis, una de las especies más virulentas de Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativa fue relativamente alta; y el principal factor de virulencia en S. epidermidis fue la producción de biopelícula, siendo mayor en los resistentes a meticilina.

Propionibacterium acnes in capsular bag distension syndrome.

We report a case of capsular bag distension syndrome that developed 6 years after uneventful phacoemulsification with implantation of a foldable, single-piece acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) (AcrySof MA60BM). Slitlamp microscopy revealed a deep anterior chamber with no flare or cells. The posterior capsular bag was distended by a homogeneous milky substance between the back of the IOL and the capsular bag. Using a pars plana approach, a 23-gauge bimanual capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy were performed. Microbiological analysis revealed Propionibacterium acnes in the material inside the capsular bag. The postoperative period was uneventful. Four weeks after surgery, visual acuity was restored and there were no signs of intraocular inflammation. The origin of late capsular bag distension is not fully understood; it may involve an infectious component with propionibacteria. A surgical approach and removal of the potentially infectious material can be considered as an alternative to neodymium:YAG capsulotomy.