Analysis of modified ilib therapy in patients submitted to plastic surgery.

The sample comprised 44 volunteers who had undergone some surgical procedure and were equally divided into four groups. G1 started the therapy 24 h after the surgical procedure with the device off. G2 followed the same time pattern, 24 h, but with the device turned on. G3 and G4 started therapy three days after the surgical procedure; in G3, the device was turned off, and in G4, the device remained on during therapy; each session lasted 30 min, using 660 nm (red), energy 180 J. For all groups, the therapy started with daily use for seven days and followed the interval use of three times a week until completed 21 days. The revaluation was performed after 7 and 21 days. The results found show changes in HR at rest, systolic and diastolic BP, and in peripheral oxygen saturation, which showed a significant difference in the groups that used on-therapy (p < 0.05). In the MCGILL Scale evaluation, the mean total score showed a more accentuated drop in the groups that used ILIB, (p < 0.05). ILIB may have prevented a more significant evolution of firosis levels; however, no changes were observed in the evaluation of sleep and anxiety. The application of the ILIB in patients undergoing plastic surgery was supported in terms of hemodynamics and pain; in addition, starting the ILIB application 24 h after the procedure proved to be more advantageous.

Plasma Jet versus Electrocarbonization in the Treatment of Wrinkles of the Upper Palpebral Region.

Background: The plasma jet is a non-surgical and minimally invasive procedure that acts by heating the superficial region of the skin, providing rejuvenation of the region. Objective: We sought to compare the clinical and histological effects of direct plasma jet versus electrocarbonization without plasma in the treatment of wrinkles in the upper palpebral region. Methods: This is a clinical trial in which 20 volunteers participated and divided into two groups: electrocarbonization (EG) and plasma jet (JPG), which were clinically evaluated before and after treatment through evaluation protocols, photographs, and questionnaires. Three treatment sessions were performed in the upper eyelid region with an interval of 30 days. After the treatment, a surgical procedure of upper blepharoplasty was performed on two volunteers to remove a skin fragment and later histological analysis. Results: The JPG showed better clinical responses in rejuvenation. The EG promoted an increase in the number of fibroblasts, the number of blood vessels and the amount of inflammation. The JPG showed an increase in the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels. It was observed that the JPG generated activation of T lymphocytes (CD3), macrophages (CD68), and plasmocytes (CD138); in addition to reducing the number of positive cells for CD57 (NK cells). The satisfaction analysis shows that 100 percent in the JPG considered themselves satisfied with the treatment. Conclusion: We verified that in comparison with electrocarbonization, the use of a direct plasma jet promoted tissue improvement at the histological level, in addition to fewer adverse reactions.

Innovation of the protocol for the application of cryolipolysis: Effects and mechanisms of action.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, aesthetic procedures aiming at body remodeling and have grown exponentially. Cryolipolysis (CLL) has stood out as a noninvasive resource that acts directly on the subcutaneous adipose tissue promoting a significant reduction of adipose tissue through of cooling that could lead to the crystallization cytoplasmic lipids, loss of cellular integrity, apoptosis/necrosis of adipocytes, and local inflammation, producing selective loss of adipose tissue. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a specific technique of CLL application on the inflammatory reactions of the target tissue in different post-application times. METHODS: This is a randomized, blind clinical study that evaluated the tissue sample of six patients after 45, 60, and 90 days of an innovative protocol for the application of CLL, with samples collected through abdominoplasty surgeries. The samples were evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of several markers. RESULTS: A significantly greater increase in fibroblasts was observed at 45 days and greater phagocytic action at 60 days. Regarding the apoptosis process, the expression of caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 3 markers varied at different times, with cleaved caspase 3 being higher at 45 and 90 days after CLL application. CONCLUSION: The protocol of the CLL presented in this study was able to induce inflammatory responses in addition to confirming the selective apoptotic action at the different times studied.

Effects at cellular level of epilation with various laser wavelengths applied simultaneously on different skins: two case reports.

This study evaluated the effects of laser application of diverse wavelengths applied simultaneously and on different skins. The sample included two participants, a woman with light skin with abdominal hair and a woman with dark skin and hair on the inner part of the lower limbs, who received a laser therapy session. After 45 days from laser application, abdominoplasty and thigh dermolipectomy surgery were performed. In the control sample, the hair follicles were in the anagen phase, showing the presence of Bcl-2 expression. In the treated areas, follicles were observed in an advanced phase (telogen), with the presence of CK-18 and negativity of Bcl-2, highlighting the phase of hair loss at that moment and the complete apoptosis of the investigated follicle. Significant difference was observed in the comparison of the anagen phase (p = .00) and it similarly occurred in the comparison of the telogen phase (p = .00). The presence of a greater amount of follicles in the anagen phase in the control area and follicles in the telogen phase in the treated area demonstrates the efficiency of the laser at different wavelengths when reaching different skin phototypes and hair thickness, being reinforced by apoptosis and cell proliferation markers. Therefore, the hair-removal process has been optimized with various laser wavelengths.

Effectiveness of Light-Emitting Diode Epilation on Different Skin Types: A Pilot Study.

Objective: This study analyzed the histological and immunohistochemical changes in hair follicles submitted to epilation with light-emitting diode (LED). Background: The use of specific wavelengths of LED leads to the absorption of photons by chromophore tissues, enabling different photophysical and photochemical events, bringing therapeutic benefits such as removing body hair. Methods: The sample included five participants, with phototypes II-V, divided into two groups. The volunteers received a session of epilation with the Holonyak® device on the pubic region and right groin, whereas the contralateral side was kept as a control. An energy of 10 J and a cooling temperature of -5°C were used, after which the pain provoked by the equipment was questioned using the analogue pain scale. After 45 days, the punching procedure was performed in the region where skin samples were taken for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Results: For all phototypes, in the treated area, the follicles and sebaceous glands were in a stage of involution, showing perifollicular inflammatory infiltrate with changes suggestive of apoptosis. The apoptosis process was confirmed by the increase in markers cytokeratin-18 and cleaved caspase 3, in addition to the reduced expression of Blc-2, and the lower cell proliferation (Ki67), reinforcing the action of LED based on the definite involution and resorption of the follicle, through macrophages (CD68) triggered by the inflammatory process. Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study found relevant histological changes and immunohistochemical markers in the epilation process, which may indicate the efficacy of LED in permanent hair removal.

Cryolipolysis: patient selection and special considerations.

Cryolipolysis is considered a safe and effective procedure, with high patient satisfaction rates, especially when compared to other procedures for localized adiposity, such as high-intensity focused ultrasound and shock waves. Although this statement is present in the literature, the importance of the selection of suitable patients for this type of treatment is not well known. The objective of this study was to discuss the criteria to be considered in the selection of patients who are candidates for cryolipolysis and assess their profile regarding their anthropometric data, age, skin characteristics, cutaneous sensitivity, and risk pathologies for this type of treatment. Assessing the amount of localized adiposity requires safe and validated methods that are significant in measuring results. The aim is to achieve success in the process of reducing adiposity guaranteeing patient satisfaction and assurance of results.