RESUMO
Gastric cancer is one of most frequent causes of death in Brazil. The city of Manaus has one of the highest incidences of this disease in Brazil. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that is classified as a group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We obtained biopsies from 6 control subjects and 10 patients with gastric carcinomas living in Manaus. In the patients, the samples were taken from tumors and from adjacent non-cancerous mucosa. These samples were screened for EBV DNA by PCR to amplify the 288-bp fragments from the Bam M region. The EBV DNA was detected in 8 of the 10 tumor cases and in none of the 6 control subjects. In the positively identified samples, EBV DNA was detected in five corresponding resection margins. Previous research indicated only a weak association between EBV and gastric cancer. We suggest that EBV should be considered as a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinomas in Manaus.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/virologia , DNA Viral/genética , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/complicações , Mucosa Gástrica/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/virologia , Feminino , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the quality and sources of teenagers' information about sex. Between October 26th and December 16th 1997, 277 pupils from lower and upper schools agreed to participate in this study. Two hundred and seventy (97.5%) of the pupils in this population declared that they had received information about sex. This information was provided principally by the media, followed by friends, boyfriends and girlfriends, the school and their parents. The information received concerned sexually transmitted diseases (STDs and AIDS), the consequences of sexual relationships, sexual hygiene and the signs of puberty. We found that 95.5% of the pupils knew about AIDS and gonorrhea and that 91.7% knew how to protect themselves against AIDS and STDs. Thus, most pupils had received information, from various sources, on sexuality. Parents played little role in the sexual education of their children, and the State was involved in various ways.