The road to postpandemic recovery in the USA: a repeated cross-sectional survey of multidimensional well-being over two years.

OBJECTIVES: Examine differences in multidimensional well-being from before (January 2020) to three timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020, January 2021, January 2022). STUDY DESIGN: Repeated cross-sectional design. METHODS: Nationally representative cross-sectional cohorts of US adults completed the Secure Flourish Index before (January 2020 cohort: N = 1010) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020 cohort: N = 3020; January 2021 cohort: N = 3366; January 2022 cohort: N = 2598). We estimated differences in indicators, domains, and composite well-being between the January 2020 cohort and each of the subsequent cohorts. We also explored whether changes in well-being between January 2020 and January 2022 varied based on age, gender, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Initial declines in well-being observed by June 2020 were largely followed by a return to prepandemic levels in January 2022, with some exceptions. Notably, general declines in mental health have persisted through to January 2022. On the other hand, there was evidence of general improvements in character & virtue that exceeded prepandemic levels in January 2022. Young adults and racial/ethnic minorities reported lower financial & material stability in January 2022 compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are promising signs that the well-being of US adults has mostly recovered to prepandemic levels, a coordinated response is urgently needed to support population mental health and the financial security of vulnerable groups. As society continues the journey toward postpandemic recovery, continued tracking of multidimensional well-being will be important for making informed decisions about public health priorities.

Trends in transport accident mortality from 1999 to 2013 in Navarra. Characteristics of people and vehicles involved / Evolución de la mortalidad por accidentes de transporte en Navarra durante 1999-2013. Características de las personas y vehículos involucrados.

Objective. To analyze transport accident mortality trends in Navarra, a region in the North of Spain, between 1999 and 2013 and assess the effect of the Demerit Point System. Methods. Cause of death coding was done according to ICD-10 with information from the medical death certificate and forensic reports. Mortality rates by age, sex, type of victim and residence (urban/rural) were calculated. We performed an ARIMA Box and Jenkins analysis to estimate the effect on mortality rates due to transport accidents of the Demerit Point System, which had been introduced in Spain in July 2006. Results. From January 1st 1999 to December 31st 2013, 1,052 deaths were registered, 1,044 of which were from accidents involving ground transport vehicles (1,020 from road traffic accidents and 24 from non-road traffic accidents). Mortality rates were higher in men and people aged 18-24 and 65-84. Most of the deaths amongst younger men and adults occurred in drivers, while fatalities occurring in those older than 84 years were mostly in pedestrians. Men and women living in rural areas had a mortality risk from transport accident 33% and 21% higher than people living in urban areas. Since the introduction of the Demerit Point System, mortality rates have fallen by 51%. Conclusions. Mortality statistics for Navarra show the effectiveness of preventive strategies designed in Spain during recent years.