Dependencia emocional en las relaciones de pareja como Síndrome de Artemisa: modelo explicativo / Emotional dependence on relationships and Artemis syndrome: explanatory model

Resumen La Dependencia Emocional se describe como un tipo de dependencia sentimental caracterizada por la manifestación de interdependencia relacional. Se propone como objetivo establecer un análisis comparativo de su perfil clínico y psicosocial. Para ello, se han seleccionado 880 participantes, de los cuales 277 están filiados como muestra clínica, 311 corresponden a población general y el resto representan muestras de comparación (adictos y familiares no codependientes). Según los resultados hallados, se define el perfil del dependiente emocional como propio de sujetos que experimentan desajustes afectivos en forma de sentimientos negativos (soledad, tristeza, desánimo, culpa, etc.) y vacío emocional junto a deseos de autodestrucción e inescapabilidad emocional. Presentan una dependencia pura (manera de depender de una persona de forma subordinada), con un anhelo irresistible de estar con la persona de la que se depende. Se abunda en la necesidad de implementar propuestas de gestión emocional y de promoción de la salud relacional.

Abstract Emotional dependence is described as a type of sentimental dependency characterized by the manifestation of relational interdependence. Its objective is to establish a comparative analysis of its clinical and psychosocial profile. For this purpose, 880 participants were selected, of whom 277 are classified as clinical samples, 311 correspond to the general population and the rest represent comparison samples (addicts and non-codependent relatives). According to the results found, the profile of the emotional dependent is defined as belonging to subjects who experience affective imbalances in the form of negative feelings (loneliness, sadness, discouragement, guilt, etc.) and emotional emptiness together with desires for self-destruction and emotional inescapability. They present a pure dependence (way of depending on a person in a subordinate way), with an irresistible desire to be with the person on whom one depends. It is necessary to implement proposals for emotional management and promotion of relational health.

[Psychosocial correlations of the experimentation with psychoactive substances in Spanish teenagers]. / Correlatos psicosociales del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en adolescentes Españoles.

OBJECTIVE: To offer an analysis of the factors that determine the consumption of psychoactive substances by youth and to evaluate the predictive capacity of variables related to attitude, affect, the family and groups, as well as academics, among others. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 750 adolescents was selected at the Principado de Asturias (Spain) (mode 15 years of age, mean=14.69) enrolled during the 2008-2009 academic year. RESULTS: It was confirmed that the teenagers who consumed alcohol and other drugs present a differential profile as compared to non-consumers with respect to greater attitudinal permissiveness, effect of paternal modelling and peer groups, institutional dissatisfaction, emotional instability, and manifestation of more disruptive conducts with problems relating to others and attention-seeking. CONCLUSIONS: From our ethiological model we conclude that the consumption of drugs by youth is determined by an interrelation of personal, familiar, school and psychosocial variables.