RESUMO
A new toxin, prorocentrolide B (1), has been isolated following bioassay-guided fractionation of a BuOH extract of the tropical dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum maculosum Faust. This compound produces a rapid toxic response in the mouse bioassay, a type of activity not accounted for by other diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins produced by P. maculosum. The structure 1 was established by NMR and MS and is similar to prorocentrolide (2), a toxin from a strain of Prorocentrum lima. NMR data and the modeling program ConGen have been used to establish the relative stereochemistry of some individual ether ring systems and the hexahydroisoquinoline ring.
Assuntos
Dinoflagellida/química , Toxinas Marinhas/isolamento & purificação , Piranos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Sequência de Carboidratos , Feminino , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Toxinas Marinhas/toxicidade , Espectrometria de Massas , Camundongos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Piranos/toxicidadeRESUMO
We have isolated and identified glycerol 1,2-cyclic phosphate as the compound responsible for a unique prominent resonance at 19.1 ppm in the 31P NMR spectrum in vivo of four species of centric diatoms, where it is responsible for 15 to 30% of the total signals from organophosphates. This appears to be the first observation of this compound as a major metabolite. It was not detectable in nine other species of algae, including four species of pennate diatoms.
Assuntos
Eucariotos/análise , Glicerofosfatos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Especificidade da EspécieAssuntos
Arsênio/toxicidade , Salmonidae/metabolismo , Truta/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Poluentes da Água/toxicidade , Animais , Arsênio/análise , Arsênio/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Brânquias/análise , Hematócrito , Hemoglobinas/análise , Fígado/análise , Músculos/análise , Pele/análise , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual , Truta/sangue , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análiseRESUMO
The metabolic behavior of pure mono-, di-, tetra-, and hexachlorobiphenyl isomers in pigeons, rats, and brook trout was investigated. Excreta from these animals were extracted and examined by chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques. The results showed conversion of the 4-chloro-, 4,4'-dichloro-, and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl isomers into monohydroxylated derivatives by the rat and pigeon whereas no hydroxymetabolites were detected in the excreta of the brook trout. No hydroxylated products of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl were detected in the excreta of pigeons, rats, or brook trout.
