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There are huge differences between tumor cells and normal cells in material metabolism, and tumor cells mainly show increased anabolism, decreased catabolism, and imbalance in substance metabolism. These differences provide the necessary material basis for the growth and reproduction of tumor cells, and also provide important targets for the treatment of tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by an imbalance of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and lipid membrane antioxidant systems in cells, resulting in excessive accumulation of lipid peroxide, causing damage to lipid membrane structure and loss of function, and ultimately cell death. The regulation of ferroptosis involves a variety of metabolic pathways, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and iron metabolism. In order for tumor cells to grow rapidly, their metabolic needs are more vigorous than those of normal cells. Tumor cells are metabolically reprogrammed to meet their rapidly proliferating material and energy needs. Metabolic reprogramming is mainly manifested in glycolysis and enhancement of pentose phosphate pathway, enhanced glutamine metabolism, increased nucleic acid synthesis, and iron metabolism tends to retain more intracellular iron. Metabolic reprogramming is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species and the activation of the antioxidant system. The state of high oxidative stress makes tumor cells more susceptible to redox imbalances, causing intracellular lipid peroxidation, which ultimately leads to ferroptosis. Therefore, in-depth study of the molecular mechanism and metabolic basis of ferroptosis is conducive to the development of new therapies to induce ferroptosis in cancer treatment. Ferroptosis, as a regulated form of cell death, can induce ferroptosis in tumor cells by pharmacologically or genetically targeting the metabolism of substances in tumor cells, which has great potential value in tumor treatment. This article summarizes the effects of cellular metabolism on ferroptosis in order to find new targets for tumor treatment and provide new ideas for clinical treatment.
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Objective: Differential flora and differential metabolites shared by the intestinal and respiratory tracts of rats were screened to analyze the possible role of changes in intestinal flora and metabolites in the progression of pneumoconiosis in rats. Methods: In April 2020, 18 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (control group, coal mine dust group and silica group, 6 in each group) , rats in the coal mine dust group and silica group were perfused with 1 ml of 50 mg/ml coal mine well dust suspension and silica suspension by nontracheal exposure, respectively. While rats in the control group were perfused with an equal dose of sterilized normal saline. Twenty four weeks after dust staining, rat feces, throat swabs, and lung lavages were collected. 16SrDNA gene sequencing and UHPLC-QTOF-MS untargeted metabolomics were used to analyze the flora and metabolites in feces, throat swabs and lung lavage fluid of rats in each group, to screen for shared differential flora and shared differential metabolites in intestinal and respiratory tract, and the correlation analysis between the differential flora and metabolites was performed using Spearman's statistics. Results: Compared with the control group, a total of 9 species shared differential flora between intestinal and respiratory tract were screened at phylum level, and a total of 9 species shared differential genus between intestinal and respiratory tract were screened at genus level in the coal mine dust group, mainly Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, etc. Compared with the control group, a total of 9 shared differential flora were screened at the phylum level, and a total of 5 shared differential genus were screened at the genus level in the silica group, mainly Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Allobactera, Mucilaginibacter, etc. Compared with the control group, a total of 7 shared differential metabolites were screened for up-regulation of Stigmatellin, Linalool oxide and Isoleucine-leucine in both intestinal and respiratory tract in the coal mine dust group. Compared with the control group , a total of 19 shared differential metabolites werescreened in the silica group, of which Diethanolamine, 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, Isoleucine-leucine, Sphingosine, Palmitic acid, D-sphinganine, 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, and 1-Stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine were up-regulated in both the intestinal and respiratory tract. Conclusion: There is a translocation of intestinal and respiratory flora in pneumoconiosis rats, and rats have an imbalance of lipid metabolism during the progression of pneumoconiosis.
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Ratos , Animais , Isoleucina , Leucina , Minas de Carvão , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pneumoconiose , Poeira/análise , Dióxido de Silício , Carvão MineralRESUMO
Objective:To compare results of four glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) detection methods and to evaluate the uncertainty of HbA1C results in clinical laboratory, and to provide method for clinical laboratory on the evaluation of uncertainty.Methods:According to the four uncertainty evaluation methods, which were recommended by "CNAS-TRL-001, the evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty in medical laboratory", the relative and absolute uncertainty of low, medium and high HbA1c in 33 clinical laboratories measured in 2019 and 35 clinical laboratories measured in 2020 was evaluated by more than 6 months of internal quality control (IQC) data, trueness verification and external quality assessment (EQA) data. The four uncertainty evaluation methods were: IQC data and trueness verification data (method 1), only trueness verification data (method 2), IQC and EQA data (method 3) and only EQA data (method 4). The related statistical methods used in this analysis were Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results:For method 1, the median range of relative and absolute uncertainty of low, medium and high HbA1c detection in 2019 and 2020 ranged from 4.21% to 9.24% and from 0.27% to 0.64%, respectively. Compared to method 1, the relative and absolute uncertainties obtained by method 2 were smaller, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.016 7, P<0.05). Compared to method 1, the relative uncertainties obtained by method 3 and method 4 were smaller, except for the high concentration of HbA1c level in 2020. Among the 6 pairs of comparisons (low, medium and high HbA1c in 2019 and 2020), there were 3 pairs (high HbA1c in 2019, low and medium HbA1c in 2020) and 2 pairs (low and high HbA1c in 2020) of differences with statistical significance (all P<0.016 7). Conclusion:The uncertainty evaluation of HbA1c detection in clinical laboratory should be evaluated based on IQC and trueness verification data.
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Objective: To investigate the etiology, complications, and prognostic factors of stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) in children. Methods: A case series study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the general situation, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, genetic testing, and follow-up data (until October 2022) of 174 children with CKD5 who were diagnosed and hospitalized at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from April 2012 to April 2021. The characteristics of complications in the children were compared based on age, gender, and etiology. Based on the presence or absence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), patients were divided into LVH group and non LVH group for analyzing the influencing factors of cardiovascular disease. Patients were also divided into death group and survival group, peritoneal dialysis group and hemodialysis group based on the follow-up data for analyzing the prognostic factors. The chi-square test, independent sample t-test, Fisher exact probability test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used to analyze data among different groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors. Results: A total of 174 children with CKD5 were enrolled in the study (96 boys and 78 girls), aged 11.2 (8.2, 13.0) years. Congenital kidney and urinary tract malformations (CAKUT) were the most common causes of the CKD5 (84 cases, 48.3%), followed by glomerular diseases (83 cases, 47.7%), and among which 28 cases (16.1%) were hereditary glomerular diseases. The common complications of CKD5 included anemia (98.2%, 165/168), mineral and bone disorder in chronic kidney disease (CKD-MBD) (97.7%, 170/174), lipid metabolism disorders (87.5%, 63/72), hypertension (81.4%, 127/156) and LVH (57.6%,57/99). The incidences of hypertension in primary glomerular disease were higher than that in CAKUT(93.8%(30/32) vs.73.7%(56/76),χ2=5.59,P<0.05). The incidences of hypertension in secondary glomerular disease were higher than that in CAKUT and that in hereditary kidney disease (100.0%(20/20) vs. 73.7%(56/76), 68.2%(15/22), both P<0.05). The incidence of hypocalcemia in CAKUT, primary glomerular disease, and hereditary kidney disease was higher than that in secondary glomerular disease (82.1%(69/84), 88.2%(30/34), 89.3%(25/28) vs. 47.6%(10/21), χ2=10.21, 10.75, 10.80, all P=0.001); the incidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in women was higher than that in men (80.0%(64/80) vs. 95.0%(57/60), χ2=6.58, P=0.010). The incidence of LVH in children aged 6-<12 was higher than that in children aged 12-18 (73.5%(25/34) vs. 43.1%(22/51), χ2=7.62, P=0.006). Among 113 follow-up children, the mortality rate was 39.8% (45/113). Compared to the survival group, the children in the death group had lower hemoglobin, higher blood pressure, lower albumin, lower alkaline phosphatase and higher left ventricular mass index ((67±19) vs. (75±20) g/L, 142 (126, 154) vs. 128(113, 145) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (91±21) vs. (82±22) mmHg, 32 (26, 41) vs. 40 (31, 43) g/L, 151 (82, 214) vs. 215 (129, 37) U/L, 48 (38, 66) vs. 38(32, 50) g/m2.7,t=2.03, Z=2.89, t=2.70, Z=2.49, 2.79, 2.29,all P<0.05), but no independent risk factors were identified (all P>0.05). The peritoneal dialysis group had better alleviation for anemia, low calcium, and high phosphorus than the hemodialysis group ((87±22) vs. (72±16) g/L, (1.9±0.5) vs. (1.7±0.4) mmol/L, (2.2±0.7) vs. (2.8±0.9) mmol/L, t=2.92, 2.29, 2.82, all P<0.05), and the survival rate of the peritoneal dialysis group was significantly higher than that of the hemodialysis group (77.8% (28/36) vs. 48.4% (30/62), χ2=8.14, P=0.004). Conclusions: CAKUT is the most common etiology in children with CKD 5, and anemia is the most common complication. The incidence of complications in children with CKD 5 varies with age, gender and etiology. Anemia, hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, reduced alkaline phosphatase and elevated LVMI may be the prognostic factors in children with CKD5. Peritoneal dialysis may be more beneficial for improving the long-term survival rate.
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Masculino , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fosfatase Alcalina , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Hipertensão , Fatores de Risco , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Anemia/etiologiaRESUMO
Aim To construct a drug delivery system of osthole loaded by exosomes. Methods Osthole could inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by literature. SKOV3 cells were treated with 80 (µnol • L
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Leaf blight outbroke in Rehmannia glutinosa plantation in Wenxian county, Henan province in 2019. R. glutinosa plants with diseased leaves were collected from the plantation, and three strains were isolated from the diseased leaf samples. Pathogenicity test, morphological observation, and phylogenetic analysis of ITS, EF1-α, and Tub suggested that they were respectively Fusarium proliferatum, F. oxysporum, and F.acuminatum. Among them, F. acuminatum, as a pathogen of R. glutinosa leaf disease, had never been reported. To clarify the biological characteristics of F. acuminatum, this study tested the influence of light, pH, temperature, medium, carbon source, and nitrogen source on the mycelial growth rate of the pathogen during a 5-day culture period, and explored the lethal temperature. The results showed that the mycelia grew well under the photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h darkness, at 5-40 ℃(optimal temperature: 25 ℃), at pH 4-11(optimal pH: 7.0), on a variety of media(optimal medium: oatmeal agar), and in the presence of diverse carbon and nitrogen sources(optimal carbon source: soluble starch; optimal nitrogen source: sodium nitrate). The lethal temperature was verified to be 51 ℃(10 min). The conclusion is expected to lay a scientific basis for diagnosis and control of R. glutinosa leaf diseases caused by F. acuminatum.
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Carbono , Nitrogênio , Filogenia , RehmanniaRESUMO
Objective:To establish a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method for the direct detection of serum M protein without antibody enrichment, and to assess its detection performance.Methods:Method establishment. A total of 712 waste serum samples were collected from patients who applied for the M protein identification test in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University. The immunoglobulin light chain was obtained by reduction of IgG and IgA by TCEP, and the detection method was preliminarily determined. The waste serum samples from 20 healthy people were collected to determine the range of mass-to-charge ratios of κ and λ light chain ions. 8 parallel tubes and 8 batches were set up for intra-and inter-batch reproducibility evaluation. 10-fold, 100-fold and 200-fold diluted M protein from 23 positive samples were detected by established MALDI-TOF MS method, and its sensitivity was evaluated. 3 methods of IFE, SPE and MALDI-TOF MS were used to detect M protein simultaneously, and the coincidence rate between MALDI-TOF MS and IFE and SPE was calculated.Results:The repeatability within and between batches was 100%, respectively. The original, 10-, 100-and 200-fold dilutions of 23 M protein-positive samples were determined, and the detection limit of MALDI-TOF MS for M protein was 0.06-0.18 g/L. IFE as the gold standard, the overall coincidence rates of SPE and MALDI-TOF MS were 85.9% and 92.3%, respectively, and the positive coincidence rates of SPE and MALDI-TOF MS were 72.8% and 99.7%, respectively, of the 712 samples. Among the different types of M-proteins, MALDI-TOF-MS agreed 100% with IFE M-protein results for IgA, IgD, IgM, free light chain type and biclonal group, while the agreements of SPE for IgM, IgA and free light chain samples were only 66.7%, 58% and 19.5%, respectively. One positive sample in the IgG group was not detected by MALDI-TOF MS. 23 M-proteins positive samples were diluted by original, 10, 100 and 200 times to access the sensitivity of MALDI-TOF MS method. The coincidence rate of MALDI-TOF MS was 100% and IFE was 96% at 10-fold dilution. The coincidence rate of IFE was 28% and 23% of MALDI-TOF MS at 100-fold and 200-fold dilution, respectively.Conclusions:A MALDI-TOF MS method for the detection of serum M-proteins was successfully established. This method has the advantages of high detection throughput, fast speed, good sensitivity, specificity and coincidence rate.
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Paeoniae Radix Rubra is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical practice, it is mostly wild and widely distributed in different areas of China. In addition, the plant of Paeoniae Radix Rubra also has ornamental value. Modern phytochemical researches showed that the chemical constituents of Paeoniae Radix Rubra were complex. Up to now, more than 300 chemical constituents have been found, mainly including monoterpene glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, saccharides, steroids, volatile oils and so on. Among them, the content of monoterpene glycosides was the highest, and the types of volatile oil were the most. Paeoniae Radix Rubra has a wide range of pharmacological effects, exerting different curative effects in multiple systems such as blood, cardiovascular, nervous and digestive system. It can protect myocardial cells and nerve cells, stabilize microcirculation, anti-endotoxin, anti-atherosclerosis, reduce pulmonary hypertension, anti-depression, protect liver, anti-gastric ulcer, anti-tumor, slow down aging, treat Parkinson's syndrome and diabetes and its complications, anti-radiation, anti-inflammatory, anti-virus and so on. Through reviewing the literature on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra, it was found that total glycosides and monomers such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin and gallic acid may be the main active components of Paeoniae Radix Rubra. At present, the research on Paeoniae Radix Rubra mainly focused on monoterpene glycosides, while the research on flavonoids and volatile oil in Paeoniae Radix Rubra was less. It is suggested that research on these two components should be strengthened in the future.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems and organs.Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common and serious complication of SLE, which is an important cause of end-stage renal disease and death in children.With the in-depth exploration of the immune pathogenesis of SLE, the greatly accelerated development of biological agents significantly improve the prognosis of pediatric LN.This study aims to review the current situation of biological agents in the treatment of pediatric LN, which provides references for optimizing the clinical therapeutic strategies of pediatric LN.
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Kidney disease is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and hypertensive crisis in children, which can lead to serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and threaten life.Meanwhile, hypertension is also a common complication during the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome in children.Therefore, during the process of diagnosis and treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome in children, it is necessary to actively identify and manage hypertensive emergencies and urgencies, to minimize the damage of target organs caused by hypertension.Hypertension crisis is divided into hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency according to presence or absence of target organ damages.Once the hypertensive emergency is found, blood pressure should be lowered rapidly and stably, and blood pressure should be reduced by no more than 25% of the planned reduction over the first 6-8 hours, and intravenous antihypertensive drugs are the first choices, as well as subsequent combined antihypertensive therapy is usually be used.
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Kidney is the most important organ to maintain the balance of hyperkalemia.Due to reduced glomerular filtration rate or renal tubule potassium excretion dysfunction, all kinds of acute and chronic kidney diseases can result in increased hyperkalemia.Therefore, hyperkalemia becomes a common electrolyte disorder in children with kidney disease.Hence, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal hyperkalemia are particularly important for clinicians.
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Objective:To establish the sex-, age-and season-specific (month) reference intervals (RI) for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement by big data and indirect method in adults.Methods:TSH data of anonymous patients were collected from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in 2016, the data were selected and outliers were removed. Indirect methods (Hoffmann method and Bhattacharya method) were used to calculate TSH reference intervals of whole population, different genders, ages and seasons (months). TSH RI from two indirect methods of total population, selected population, physical examination population was compared with RI from reagent instruction according to reference change value ( RCV) based on biological variability. Results:A total of 61 599 records were obtained from 90 699 records including 18 776 males and 42 823 females. The TSH RI were obtained by Hoffmann method: the whole population, 0.59-5.59 μIU/ml (1 μIU/ml=1 mIU/L), male, 0.53-5.16 μIU/ml, female, 0.59-6.11 μIU/ml. The upper limits of TSH RI were higher with age and in winter (January): 18-30 years old, 0.62-5.57 μIU/ml, 71-80 years old, 0.49-6.45 μIU/ml; January, 0.59-6.40 μIU/ml, August, 0.60-5.56 μIU/ml; The RI of TSH by Bhattacharya method: the whole population, 0.58-5.80 μIU/ml, male, 0.55-5.02 μIU/ml, female, 0.62-6.21 μIU/ml. The upper limits of TSH RI were also higher with age and in winter (January): 18-30 years old, 0.65-5.67 μIU/ml, 71-80 years old, 0.46-5.99 μIU/ml, January: 0.61-6.52 μIU/ml, August: 0.61-5.69 μIU/ml. Compared to RI from reagent instruction, the differences of TSH RI from two indirect methods of total population, selected population, physical examination population were acceptable.Conclusions:TSH RI was established by indirect method. With the increase of age and winter, the upper limit of TSH reference interval tends to increase.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the medical advice seeking of Chinese children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and MethodsAn anonymous online questionnaire survey was conducted in 17 pediatric nephropathy diagnosis and treatment centers in China. The questions collected basic information on the patients and their parents and data on changes in the approach to medical treatment and their needs in the context of the outbreak etc. This is a Multicenter Cross-section Study. ResultsA total of 735 valid questionnaires were collected. 555 patients (75.5%) and their parents said that the outbreak had a significant influence on their medical treatment: 264 patients (47.6%) said that it would be delayed by 2 to 4 weeks and 199 patients (35.9%) by 4 to 8 weeks. 510 patients (84.16%) hoped to get in touch with specialists through online consultation, and 528 patients (84.5%) hoped that online consultation could be implemented and that medication could be delivered to them.. A total of 458 patients (62.3%) said that their greatest concern was that the CKD would be aggravated or that they would experience a relapse; only 203 patients were infected by 2019-nCoV. A total of 313 patients (42.5%) experienced anxiety and thus required the intervention of psychologists. ConclusionThe COVID-19 outbreak has affected the medical treatment of children with CKD. Online consultation, medication delivery and psychological counselling are the greatest needs reported by patients and their families and could especially provide solutions for the management of low income children with CKD in remote rural areas in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. Strengths and limitations of this studyThe study is a Multicenter Cross-section Study in the Context of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The study can well explore the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the medical treatment of CKD children in China and the needs of current patients. The study explored ways to meet the medical needs of CKD children in the context of a public health emergency of international concern, which provides a method support for all countries in the world experiencing COVID-19 outbreak. The study is an exploration of the coping strategies for CKD management in China. The limitations of this study is that it is quite simple and descriptive, and many studies need to be further carried out.
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Objective:To explore the differences in clinical indicators of different pathological types of children with hematuria as the main manifestation, and to establish a BP neural network prediction model based on clinical data.Methods:The clinical data and renal pathological results of children who were referred to Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2003 to December 2018 for evaluation of hematuria as the main manifestation were collected, the significant differences in these clinical indicators were analyzed, and a BP neural network model for predicting renal pathology in children with hematuria as the main manifestation was established.Results:A total of 438 cases were enrolled in this study, including 232 males and 206 females, with the onset age of (7.00±3.15) years old.According to different clinical manifestations, the children were divided into microscopic hematuria group(179 cases), gross hematuria group(81 cases), microscopic hematuria and proteinuria group (44 cases), and gross hematuria and proteinuria group(134 cases). There were significant differences in sex ratio, onset age, course of disease, inducement, Addis count of urinary red cells, 24-hour proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum albumin and serum IgA levels among different clinical manifestations (all P< 0.05). Pathological grouping indicated that there were significant differences in sex ratio, onset age, course of disease, family history, Addis count of urinary red cells, 24-hour proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum albumin, serum IgA and C 3 levels among different pathological groups (all P< 0.05). The BP neural network prediction model was then constructed based on the above indicators, and the accuracy of the prediction model was measured to be 61.19% by using the leave one out method. Conclusions:By comparing the differences of various indicators under different clinical manifestations and pathological types, a BP neural network prediction model for renal pathology in children with hematuria as the main manifestation is established.The model can accurately predict renal pathology with the help of related indicators, and provides a basis for determining the time of kidney biopsy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To develop an improved version of the Quality-of-Life Assessment instrument for Lung Cancer Patients Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (QLASTCM-Lu) and to evaluate its psychometric property.@*METHODS@#The structured group method and the theory in developing rating scale were employed to revise the preliminary scale. The psychometric property (reliability, validity, and responsiveness) of the established QLASTCM-Lu (modified) were evaluated by quality of life data measured in 100 lung cancer patients. Statistical analyses were made accordingly by way of correlation analysis, factor analysis and paired t-test.@*RESULTS@#The internal consistency reliability of the overall scale and all domains was from 0.80 to 0.94. Correlation and factor analyses demonstrated that the scale was good in construct validity. The criterion validity was formed with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer (EORTC QLQ-LC43) as the criterion. Statistically significant changes were found apart from such domain as "mental condition" and "social function", with the standardized response means being close to those of QLQ-LC43.@*CONCLUSION@#QLASTCM-Lu (modified) could be used to measure the quality of life of lung cancer patients with good reliability, validity and a certain degree of responsiveness.
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Objective@#To establish comprehensive laboratory reference intervals for Chinese children.@*Methods@#This was a cross-sectional multicenter study. From June 2013 to December 2014, eligible healthy children aged from 6-month to 17-year were enrolled from 20 medical centers with informed consent. They were assessed by physical examination, questionnaire survey and abdominal ultrasound for eligibility. Fasting blood samples were collected and delivered to central laboratory. Measurements of 15 clinical laboratory parameters were performed, including estradiol (E2), testosterone(T), luteinizing hormone(LH), follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), alanine transaminase(ALT), serum creatinine(Scr), cystatin C, immunoglobulin A(IgA), immunoglobulin G(IgG), immunoglobulin M(IgM), complement (C3, C4), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), uric acid(UA) and creatine kinase(CK). Reference intervals were established according to central 95% confidence intervals for reference population, stratified by age and sex.@*Results@#In total, 2 259 children were enrolled. Finally, 1 648 children were eligible for this study, including 830 boys and 818 girls, at a mean age of 7.4 years. Age- and sex- specific reference intervals have been established for the parameters. Reference intervals of sex hormones increased gradually with age. Concentrations of ALT, cystatin C, ALP and CK were higher in children under 2 years old. Serum levels of sex hormones, creatinine, immunoglobin, CK, ALP and urea increased rapidly in adolescence, with significant sex difference. In addition, reference intervals were variable depending on assay methods. Concentrations of ALT detected by reagents with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate(PLP) were higher than those detected by reagents without PLP. Compared with enzymatic method, Jaffe assay always got higher results of serum creatinine, especially in children younger than 9 years old.@*Conclusion@#This study established age- and sex- specific reference intervals, for 15 clinical laboratory parameters based on defined healthy children.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of combined application of Xuebijing Injection ( , XBJ) and resolvin D1 (RvD1) on survival rate and the underlying mechanisms in mice with sepsisinduced lung injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method was used to develop a mouse sepsis model. Specific pathogen free male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=20 each): sham, CLP, CLP+XBJ, CLP+RvD1 and CLP+XBJ+RvD1. After surgery, mice in the CLP+XBJ, CLP+RvD1 and CLP+XBJ+RvD1 groups were given XBJ (25 μL/g body weight), RvD1 (10 ng/g body weight), and their combination (the same dose of XBJ and RvD1), respectively. In each group, 12 mice were used to observe 1-week survival rate, while the rest were executed at 12 h. Whole blood was collected for flow cytometric analysis of leukocyte adhesion molecules CD18, lung tissues were harvested for observing pathological changes, and testing the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the CLP group, the histopathological damage of the lung tissues was mitigated, MPO activity was decreased in the CLP+XBJ and CLP+RvD1 groups (P<0.05). In addition, the 1-week survival rate was improved, proportion of CD18-expressing cells in whole blood and ICAM-1 protein expression in lung tissue were decreased in the CLP+XBJ+RvD1 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>XBJ together with RvD1 could effectively inhibit leukocyte adhesion, reduce lung injury, and improve the survival rate of mice with sepsis.</p>
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Animais , Masculino , Antígenos CD18 , Metabolismo , Adesão Celular , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos , Farmacologia , Usos Terapêuticos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Farmacologia , Usos Terapêuticos , Injeções , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular , Metabolismo , Leucócitos , Metabolismo , Patologia , Pulmão , Patologia , Lesão Pulmonar , Sangue , Tratamento Farmacológico , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Peroxidase , Metabolismo , Sepse , Sangue , Tratamento Farmacológico , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Objective To explore the risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Method The clinical data of 313 VLBW newborns aged under 3 days from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the improved KDIGO standard of neonatal AKI, the difference between AKI (group AKI) and non AKI (group NAKI) newborns was compared, and the risk factors of AKI and mortality of AKI infants were analyzed. Results In the 313 VLBW infants, 126 had AKI and the incidence rate was 40.3%. There were 53 cases at stage 1 (42.1%), 43 cases at stage 2 (34.1%), and 30 cases at stage 3 (23.8%). Compared with NAKI group, patients in AKI group were lower in gestational age, birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score, critical score and mean arterial pressure. Furthermore, AKI group was higher in mother's age, incidence of premature rupture of membranes and respiratory failure. Also, white blood cells number and procalcitonin level were higher; albumin and sodium levels were lower; more cases had invasive mechanical ventilation after birth; time of mechanical ventilation was longer; mortality were higher in AKI group. There were statistically differences (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, respiratory failure and invasive mechanical ventilation at birth were independent risk factors for AKI in VLBW infants. More severe acidosis and associated pulmonary hemorrhage at admission were the independent risk factors for the death caused by AKI in children. Conclusions Short gestational age, respiratory failure, and invasive mechanical ventilation at birth significantly increased the risk of AKI in VLBW infants. The more severe metabolic acidosis and pulmonary hemorrhage increased the risk of death in AKI children .
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Background:TIPE2 is a newly identified negative regulator of innate and adaptive immunity that maintains immune homeostasis and immune tolerance. It has been demonstrated that TIPE2 is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and organs in humans. Aims:To investigate the expression of TIPE2 in peripheral blood and colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)and non-UC subjects,and to explore the role of TIPE2 in the initiation and development of UC. Methods:Forty-two peripheral blood samples and 30 colonic mucosa samples from patients with active UC were collected during Jan. 2015 to Aug. 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University. Peripheral blood and colonic mucosa samples from non-UC subjects were served as controls. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and colonic mucosal tissues, respectively. Results:Expression level of TIPE2 mRNA in peripheral blood of UC patients had a trend to increase but no significant difference was found between UC patients and the controls(P >0.05). When classified by Truelove-Witts severity index,there was no significant difference among patients with severe,moderate and mild UC(P >0. 05). Expression level of TIPE2 protein was significantly higher in colonic mucosa of UC patients than that of the controls(P<0.05);the expression level increased with increase of histological grade of UC,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusions:Increased colonic expression of TIPE2 might contribute to the initiation and development of UC.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of 37 cases of popliteal vascular entrapment syndrome (PVES).Methods The clinical data of 37 PVESA cases (44 limbs) from July 2004 to July 2016 was retrospectively analyzed.There were 28 men and 9 women,age ranging from 7 to 74 years.They all underwent B-us,CTA,MRA or DSA examination before the operation.Surgical procedures performed on 38 limbs included musculo-tendinous division,popliteal-popliteal interposition,femoralpopliteal bypass.Result One patient died of PE one day after operation.The ankle brachial index (ABI)increased from 0.54 ±0.31 to 0.87 ±0.23 after operation (P <0.01).30 cases were followed-up with a mean followup time of 43.8 months and intermittent claudication were relieved in all cases.Conclusions PVES is an extremely important cause of non-arteriosclerotic lower extremity arterial chronic ischemia which need early,active and appropriate surgical intervention.