A randomized comparison of manual versus mechanical thrombus removal in primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (TREAT-MI).

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and long-term clinical outcome of manual thrombus aspiration with the Export catheter (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) versus mechanical thrombus cutting/aspiration with the X-sizer system (eV3, White Bear Lake, MN) in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). BACKGROUND: In PPCI for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), markers of myocardial reperfusion are improved with adjunctive thrombectomy. Previous studies of different devices showed a variability in performance, suitability, and short-term clinical outcome. In current literature, no direct comparison is available. METHODS: We prospectively randomized 201 patients admitted for PPCI for STEMI to either the Export catheter or the X-sizer prior to stent deployment. Technical success in advancing to and across the lesion, improvement of flow, reduction of thrombus, and the effect on ST-segment resolution were examined. The primary endpoint of the follow-up study was the combined endpoint of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), or target-vessel revascularization (TVR) at 3 years. RESULTS: Although the Export catheter was more successfully deployed, other procedural parameters were similar with a trend toward better ST-segment resolution (56.6% vs. 44%; P = 0.06) as compared to the X-sizer system. The occurrence of the primary clinical endpoint at 3 years was 22.2% and 18.6%, respectively (HR 1.20; 95% CI 0.65-2.22; P = 0.35). CONCLUSION: Despite shorter procedural times, better lesion crossing, and fewer complications, both surrogate endpoints as well as 3-year clinical follow-up were similar with the use of the Export catheter as compared to the X-sizer system.

5-year follow-up after primary percutaneous coronary intervention with a paclitaxel-eluting stent versus a bare-metal stent in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a follow-up study of the PASSION (Paclitaxel-Eluting Versus Conventional Stent in Myocardial Infarction with ST-Segment Elevation) trial.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the PASSION (Paclitaxel-Eluting Versus Conventional Stent in Myocardial Infarction with ST-Segment Elevation) trial. BACKGROUND: In primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) is still controversial. Several randomized controlled trials of DES, compared with bare-metal stents (BMS), with short-term follow-up showed a reduction in target lesion revascularization (TLR), but no differences in rates of cardiac death or recurrent myocardial infarction. Moreover, the occurrence of (very) late stent thrombosis (ST) continues to be of major concern, and, therefore, long-term follow-up results are needed. METHODS: We randomly assigned 619 patients presenting with STEMI to a paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) or the similar BMS. The primary end point was the composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or TLR. We performed clinical follow-up at 5 years. RESULTS: At 5 years, the occurrence of the composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or TLR was comparable at 18.6% versus 21.8% in PES and BMS, respectively (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58 to 1.18, p = 0.28). The incidence of definite or probable ST was 12 (4.2%) in the PES group and 10 (3.4%) in the BMS group (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.51 to 276, p = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS: In the present analysis of PES compared with BMS in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI, no significant difference in major adverse cardiac events was observed. In addition, no difference in the incidence of definite or probable ST was seen, although very late ST was almost exclusively seen after the use of PES. (Paclitaxel-Eluting Versus Conventional Stent in Myocardial Infarction with ST-Segment Elevation [PASSION]; ISRCTN65027270).

[Myocardial infarction aborted by rapid percutaneous coronary intervention]. / Een hartinfarct verijdeld door snelle percutane coronaire interventie.

In a 55-year-old woman and a 51-year-old man with an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction confirmed by ECG, the infarction could still be aborted by percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. An aborted myocardial infarction can be described as an acute myocardial infarction in which rapid reperfusion therapy allows normalization of ECG abnormalities with no meaningful cardiac enzyme abnormalities found in the blood. Scientific evidence shows fibrinolysis to be effective in aborting myocardial infarction, but for percutaneous coronary intervention this has not been proven. Nevertheless, the results of the 2 cases discussed in our article are promising.

Gene-load score of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is associated with coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia.

AIMS: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterized by premature coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the incidence of CHD varies considerably among FH patients. Genetic variation in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the adrenalin/noradrenalin system may be of importance in determining the CHD risk in FH, because of their involvement in CHD. We investigated the association between CHD risk and combined genetic variation in the RAAS and adrenalin/noradrenalin system. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 2190 FH patients, we genotyped six RAAS polymorphisms and five adrenalin/noradrenalin polymorphisms. For each patient, we calculated two gene-load scores by counting the number of risk genotypes within each pathway. Four of the six RAAS polymorphisms and none of the polymorphisms in the adrenalin/noradrenalin system were significantly associated with CHD (P < 0.05). The RAAS gene-load score was significantly associated with CHD (P(linear trend) < 0.001): in patients with a gene-load score of 5 or 6, the CHD risk was 2.3 times as high as in patients with a score of 0 or 1. The gene-load score of the adrenalin/noradrenalin system was not associated with CHD. CONCLUSION: Genetic variation in the RAAS contributes gene-dose dependently to CHD risk in patients with FH, whereas genetic variation in the adrenalin/noradrenalin system is not associated with CHD.