Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Agressão , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Delinquência Juvenil/estatística & dados numéricos , Sono , Adolescente , Agressão/psicologia , Análise de Variância , Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/psicologia , Fadiga/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Delinquência Juvenil/psicologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Negative emotionality is considered to be the core of the difficult temperament concept (J. E. Bates, 1989; R. L. Shiner, 1998). In this correlational study, the authors examined whether the relations between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior (internalizing and externalizing) were partially mediated by parenting style (authoritative and authoritarian) in a community sample of 196 3-year-old children and their mothers. The authors assessed maternal perception of child negative emotionality using the Children's Behavior Questionnaire (M. K. Rothbart, S. A. Ahadi, K. L. Hershey, & P. Fisher, 2001) and assessed problematic child behavior by means of maternal report using the Child Behavior Checklist (T. M. Achenbach, 1992). The results showed that the relations between child negative emotionality and internalizing and externalizing behaviors were partially mediated by mothers' authoritative parenting style. Moreover, when the authors used confirmatory factor analysis to decontaminate possible overlap in item content between measures assessing temperament and problematic behavior, the association between negative emotionality and internalizing behavior was fully mediated by authoritative parenting.
Assuntos
Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Emoções , Relações Mãe-Filho , Poder Familiar , Temperamento , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos Psicológicos , Países BaixosRESUMO
This study investigated the influence of infants' sleep and crying on marital relationship in first-time parent couples (N = 107) during the 1st year after birth. Control variables are parents' insomnia and parental self-efficacy in handling the baby. Questionnaires were administered to both parents before birth, at 2 and 7 weeks after birth, and at 1 year after birth. Results show that marital problem-solving ability did not change but that marital satisfaction diminished significantly over time. Crying was the main child variable that affected marital satisfaction. Fathers' self-efficacy contributed positively to marital problem solving and negatively to paternal insomnia. Both maternal and paternal insomnia affected spouses' insomnia. As infant sleep problems may worsen preexisting parental insomnia, it is recommended that first-time parents be informed about treatments of insomnia.
