RESUMO
A dual CO(2) laser-based differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system has been constructed and demonstrated for range-resolved mapping of chemical vapor plumes. The system acquires high range resolution through the use of plasma-shutter pulse clippers that extinguish the nitrogen tail of the CO(2)-laser output. Aprogrammable servomotor-driven scanner allows full hemispherical coverage of the interrogated field. A high-speed direct-detection receiver subsystem is used to gather, process, and display vapor-concentration data in near real time. Data demonstrating range-resolved detection of low concentrations of chemical plumes from ranges of 1 to 2 km are presented. In the column-content detection mode, trace levels of secondary vapors from various organophosphate liquids were monitored. Detection of an SF(6) vapor plume released 16 km from the DIAL system is also adduced.
RESUMO
A single-ended CO(2) lidar system has been used to measure the average temperature over a path between the lidar and the foothills located 5 km away. The CO(2) lidar was used to measure the ratio of transmission of the P(38) to the P(20) lines in the 10-microm band of CO(2). This ratio of transmission is directly related to temperature. Good correlation was obtained between the lidar-measured temperature and the thermometermeasured values.
RESUMO
Lidar measurements using ruby (0.7-microm) and CO(2) (10.6-microm) lidar systems during the dustry IR Test-1 are described. The test was conducted at the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) in October 1978. Transmission comparisons are made between the two wavelengths through dust and smoke clouds generated by artillery barrages, TNT explosions, and oil-rubber fire in a test zone midway (1 km) along the lidar path. A target at the end of the lidar path provided a reference backscatter return for the transmission measurements. Results indicate that the broad particle size distribution present in the dust generated at WSMR produced little if any wavelength-dependent transmission effects.
RESUMO
The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of single-ended measurement of the total extinction coefficient using an ir lidar system. Extinction was measured using a CO(2) laser radar system at four wavelengths near 10.3 microm. The measured results agree with theoretical estimates of extinction over a wide range. Single-ended measurements of extinction appear feasible to a horizontal range of 10 km using commercially available components. The system could potentially generate extinction data in a 3-D grid, enabling one to determine ir transmission between any two points in the field.
RESUMO
Ethylene has been monitored with a single-ended CO(2) lidar using topographical scattering. Foliage on the foothills 5 km away provided the backscattered signal. Interference due to water vapor was found to be equivalent to 7.6 ppb of ethylene, and this correction was applied to the data. The total measurement uncertainty was found to average 1.6 ppb. The lidar-measured concentrations agree with point monitor samples over a wide range of ambient concentrations.
RESUMO
The applicability of the high energy discretely tuned DF laser for remote measurement of HCl, CH(4), and N(2)O has been investigated. A single-ended or monostatic lidar system using radiation backscattered from topographical targets was tested. Selective absorption of the backscattered signal was used to infer concentration of gaseous species. Good agreement was obtained between the lidar measurements and the concentrations determined by in situ measurements in the remotely positioned sample chamber. The lowest measurable material concentration for each gas was inferred from random fluctuations in the measured concentration. Sensitivity of the existing system to HCl, CH(4), and N(2)O was found to be 0.05 ppm-km, 6.0 ppm-km, and 0.24 ppm-km, respectively. An N(2)O plume was also measured in the open atmosphere between the lidar system and a foliage target to demonstrate system capabilities under typical field conditions. Performance predictions indicate that total burden and range-resolved species concentration measurements are feasible to a range of 10 km or more with commercially available components.
