RESUMO
A 26-year-old man who has sex with men visited the STI clinic because of increasing skin abnormalities since four months. The patient had macular skin lesions on his penis and scrotum, condylomata lata in the anal region, cutaneous lesions on the feet, and a widespread papular rash. A secondary stage of syphilis was diagnosed.
Assuntos
Sífilis/diagnóstico , Adulto , Doenças do Ânus/diagnóstico , Condiloma Acuminado/diagnóstico , Homossexualidade Masculina , Humanos , MasculinoAssuntos
Hepatite C/transmissão , Homossexualidade Masculina , Casamento , Doenças Virais Sexualmente Transmissíveis/transmissão , Sexo sem Proteção , Adulto , Busca de Comunicante , Genótipo , Seleção por Sorologia para HIV , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/virologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Viral/genética , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Virais Sexualmente Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Doenças Virais Sexualmente Transmissíveis/virologia , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/genéticaRESUMO
On 3 April 2017, a wild poliovirus type 2 (WPV2) spill occurred in a Dutch vaccine manufacturing plant. Two fully vaccinated operators with risk of exposure were advised on stringent personal hygiene and were monitored for virus shedding. Poliovirus (WPV2-MEF1) was detected in the stool of one, 4 days after exposure, later also in sewage samples. The operator was isolated at home and followed up until shedding stopped 29 days after exposure. No further transmission was detected.
Assuntos
Contenção de Riscos Biológicos , Poliomielite/prevenção & controle , Vacina Antipólio Oral/administração & dosagem , Poliovirus/patogenicidade , Medição de Risco/métodos , Gestão de Riscos/métodos , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Fezes/virologia , Humanos , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Poliomielite/transmissão , Poliovirus/isolamento & purificação , Esgotos , Eliminação de Partículas Virais , Microbiologia da ÁguaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Mathematical models are used to explore various possible scenarios with regard to an influenza pandemic. We studied the ranges of parameter values in modelling studies on preparedness prior to 2009 in relation to the estimated parameter values of the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted two systematic literature searches, one aimed at epidemic parameter values that were used in pre-2009 pandemic influenza models, and the other aimed at estimates of epidemic variables from data collected during the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic. The range of parameter values used to inform models was broad and covered the range of estimates of these parameters inferred from the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic. CONCLUSION: The current practice of selecting a range of plausible parameter values for influenza works well for modelling scenarios where effects of different interventions are explored to guide public health decision makers. To narrow down this range of plausible parameter values to the actual value during a pandemic, using incoming data, real-time estimation might provide an additional benefit.
