RESUMO
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world, with epidemiological studies indicating a 25% prevalence. NAFLD is considered to be a progressive disease that progresses from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), then to liver fibrosis, and finally to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Existing research has mostly elucidated the etiology of NAFLD, yet its particular molecular processes remain uncertain. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been linked in a wide range of biological processes in recent years, with the introduction of microarray and high-throughput sequencing technologies, and previous studies have established their tight relationship with several stages of NAFLD development. Existing studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the signaling pathways related to hepatic lipid metabolism, NASH, NASH-related fibrosis and HCC. This review aims to provide a basic overview of NAFLD and lncRNAs, summarize and describe the mechanisms of lncRNAs action involved in the development of NAFLD, and provide an outlook on the future of lncRNAs-based therapy for NAFLD. (AU)
La enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (NAFLD) es la enfermedad hepática más común en el mundo, con estudios epidemiológicos que indican una prevalencia del 25%. La NAFLD se considera una enfermedad progresiva que avanza de esteatosis hepática simple a esteatohepatitis no alcohólica (NASH), luego a fibrosis hepática y, finalmente, a cirrosis o carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC). La investigación existente ha dilucidado principalmente la etiología de NAFLD. Sin embargo, sus procesos moleculares particulares siguen siendo inciertos. Los ARN largos no codificantes (lncRNA) se han relacionado en una amplia gama de procesos biológicos en los últimos años, con la introducción de microarrays y tecnologías de secuenciación de alto rendimiento, y estudios previos han establecido su estrecha relación con varias etapas del desarrollo de NAFLD. Los estudios existentes han demostrado que los lncRNA pueden regular las vías de señalización relacionadas con el metabolismo lipídico hepático, NASH, fibrosis relacionada con NASH y HCC. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo proporcionar una visión general básica de NAFLD y lncRNA, resumir y describir los mecanismos de acción de lncRNA involucrados en el desarrollo de NAFLD, y proporcionar una perspectiva sobre el futuro de la terapia basada en lncRNA para NAFLD. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , RNA Longo não CodificanteRESUMO
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world, with epidemiological studies indicating a 25% prevalence. NAFLD is considered to be a progressive disease that progresses from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), then to liver fibrosis, and finally to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Existing research has mostly elucidated the etiology of NAFLD, yet its particular molecular processes remain uncertain. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been linked in a wide range of biological processes in recent years, with the introduction of microarray and high-throughput sequencing technologies, and previous studies have established their tight relationship with several stages of NAFLD development. Existing studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the signaling pathways related to hepatic lipid metabolism, NASH, NASH-related fibrosis and HCC. This review aims to provide a basic overview of NAFLD and lncRNAs, summarize and describe the mechanisms of lncRNAs action involved in the development of NAFLD, and provide an outlook on the future of lncRNAs-based therapy for NAFLD.
