Influence of the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss on the apprehension test for shoulder instability.

BACKGROUND: The investigation of Hill-Sachs and bony Bankart lesions continues to evolve. Patients with large bone lesions can present with a positive apprehension test even at ranges below 45° of abduction and external rotation of the shoulder. Modern concepts, such as glenoid track and quantification of glenoid bone loss, have been increasingly applied to shoulder instability. The objective of this study was to assess the correlation of the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss on the apprehension test conducted at 0°, 45°, and 90° of shoulder abduction. METHODS: Ninety-four shoulders of 90 patients with anterior glenohumeral instability were retrospectively assessed. The apprehension test was performed at 0°, 45°, and 90° of shoulder abduction. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or magnetic resonance arthrogram scans were performed to calculate the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss. A descriptive analysis, an association analysis, and a logistic regression analysis were used in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of glenoid track and glenoid bone loss when the apprehension test was positive in lower degrees of abduction. RESULTS: A positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction revealed significant association with off-track lesions, glenoid bone losses greater than 13.5%, and bipolar bone lesions. Shoulders classified as off-track were 36.4 times more likely to test positive at 0°, 45°, and 90° than on-track shoulders. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction seems to be more influenced by off-track lesions than by glenoid bone loss greater than the 13.5% threshold. CONCLUSION: Shoulders with a positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° are significantly associated with off-track lesions, bipolar bone lesions, and glenoid bone losses greater than 13.5%.

Quantitative study of wild animals received at the Wild Animals Triage Centers (CETAS) in Bahia and identification of trafficking routes / Estudo quantitativo de animais silvestres recebidos nos Centros de Triagens de Animais Silvestres (CETAS) da Bahia e identificação de rotas de tráfico

In Brazil, the illegal capture of wild animals is a crime that contributes to the extinction of species, besides causing environmental imbalance and suffering to the animals. Here, we undertook a quantitative survey of animals sent to the "Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres" (CETAS - Wild Animals Triage Centers) from units of Porto Seguro, Salvador, and Vitória da Conquista during 2009-2019. The 19,317, 34,460, and 43,874 specimens were registered in the units of Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista, and Salvador, respectively. The distribution of the totals by class included 80,948 (82.90%) birds, 12,007 (12.30%) reptiles, 4,661 (4.77%) mammals, and 35 arachnids (0.03%). The operations that generated registration at the CETAS were most frequently apprehensions (67,974; 69.67%), followed by voluntary surrender (13,367; 13.69%), rescues (12,803; 13.11%), and transfers (2,735; 2.67%). The animals came from 236 municipalities in the state of Bahia, with emphasis on the municipalities of Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié, and Paulo Afonso. The evaluation of the quantitative seizures by municipalities indicates that the BR-116 is one of the most representative routes for the illegal traffic of wild animals in the state of Bahia and the country.(AU)

No Brasil a captura ilegal de animais silvestres é crime e contribui para a extinção das espécies, além de causar desequilíbrios ambientais e sofrimentos aos animais. Este trabalho apresenta quantitativos de animais recebidos e/ou armazenados nos Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS) do estado da Bahia, no período de 2009-2019. Os totais de 19.317, 34.460 e 43.874 espécimes foram registrados nas unidades de Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista e Salvador, respectivamente. A distribuição dos totais por classe incluiu 80.948 (82,90%) aves, 12.007 (12,30%) répteis, 4.661 (4,77%) mamíferos e 35 aracnídeos. Quanto à natureza da operação que gerou o registro nos CETAS, as mais frequentes foram apreensão (67.974; 69,67%), entrega voluntária (13.367; 13,69%), resgate (12.803; 13,11%) e transferência (2.735; 2,67%). Os animais foram apreendidos em 236 municípios do estado da Bahia, com destaque para Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié e Paulo Afonso. A avaliação dos quantitativos das apreensões por municípios indica que a BR-116 é uma das rotas de escoamento mais representativa do tráfico ilegal de animais silvestres, no estado da Bahia e no país.(AU)

Quantitative study of wild animals received at the Wild Animals Triage Centers (CETAS) in Bahia and identification of trafficking routes

ABSTRACT: In Brazil, the illegal capture of wild animals is a crime that contributes to the extinction of species, besides causing environmental imbalance and suffering to the animals. Here, we undertook a quantitative survey of animals sent to the Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS - Wild Animals Triage Centers) from units of Porto Seguro, Salvador, and Vitória da Conquista during 2009-2019. The 19,317, 34,460, and 43,874 specimens were registered in the units of Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista, and Salvador, respectively. The distribution of the totals by class included 80,948 (82.90%) birds, 12,007 (12.30%) reptiles, 4,661 (4.77%) mammals, and 35 arachnids (0.03%). The operations that generated registration at the CETAS were most frequently apprehensions (67,974; 69.67%), followed by voluntary surrender (13,367; 13.69%), rescues (12,803; 13.11%), and transfers (2,735; 2.67%). The animals came from 236 municipalities in the state of Bahia, with emphasis on the municipalities of Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié, and Paulo Afonso. The evaluation of the quantitative seizures by municipalities indicates that the BR-116 is one of the most representative routes for the illegal traffic of wild animals in the state of Bahia and the country.

RESUMO: No Brasil a captura ilegal de animais silvestres é crime e contribui para a extinção das espécies, além de causar desequilíbrios ambientais e sofrimentos aos animais. Este trabalho apresenta quantitativos de animais recebidos e/ou armazenados nos Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS) do estado da Bahia, no período de 2009-2019. Os totais de 19.317, 34.460 e 43.874 espécimes foram registrados nas unidades de Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista e Salvador, respectivamente. A distribuição dos totais por classe incluiu 80.948 (82,90%) aves, 12.007 (12,30%) répteis, 4.661 (4,77%) mamíferos e 35 aracnídeos. Quanto à natureza da operação que gerou o registro nos CETAS, as mais frequentes foram apreensão (67.974; 69,67%), entrega voluntária (13.367; 13,69%), resgate (12.803; 13,11%) e transferência (2.735; 2,67%). Os animais foram apreendidos em 236 municípios do estado da Bahia, com destaque para Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié e Paulo Afonso. A avaliação dos quantitativos das apreensões por municípios indica que a BR-116 é uma das rotas de escoamento mais representativa do tráfico ilegal de animais silvestres, no estado da Bahia e no país.

Quantitative study of wild animals received at the Wild Animals Triage Centers (CETAS) in Bahia and identification of trafficking routes / Estudo quantitativo de animais silvestres recebidos nos Centros de Triagens de Animais Silvestres (CETAS) da Bahia e identificação de rotas de tráfico

In Brazil, the illegal capture of wild animals is a crime that contributes to the extinction of species, besides causing environmental imbalance and suffering to the animals. Here, we undertook a quantitative survey of animals sent to the "Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres" (CETAS - Wild Animals Triage Centers) from units of Porto Seguro, Salvador, and Vitória da Conquista during 2009-2019. The 19,317, 34,460, and 43,874 specimens were registered in the units of Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista, and Salvador, respectively. The distribution of the totals by class included 80,948 (82.90%) birds, 12,007 (12.30%) reptiles, 4,661 (4.77%) mammals, and 35 arachnids (0.03%). The operations that generated registration at the CETAS were most frequently apprehensions (67,974; 69.67%), followed by voluntary surrender (13,367; 13.69%), rescues (12,803; 13.11%), and transfers (2,735; 2.67%). The animals came from 236 municipalities in the state of Bahia, with emphasis on the municipalities of Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié, and Paulo Afonso. The evaluation of the quantitative seizures by municipalities indicates that the BR-116 is one of the most representative routes for the illegal traffic of wild animals in the state of Bahia and the country.(AU)

No Brasil a captura ilegal de animais silvestres é crime e contribui para a extinção das espécies, além de causar desequilíbrios ambientais e sofrimentos aos animais. Este trabalho apresenta quantitativos de animais recebidos e/ou armazenados nos Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS) do estado da Bahia, no período de 2009-2019. Os totais de 19.317, 34.460 e 43.874 espécimes foram registrados nas unidades de Porto Seguro, Vitória da Conquista e Salvador, respectivamente. A distribuição dos totais por classe incluiu 80.948 (82,90%) aves, 12.007 (12,30%) répteis, 4.661 (4,77%) mamíferos e 35 aracnídeos. Quanto à natureza da operação que gerou o registro nos CETAS, as mais frequentes foram apreensão (67.974; 69,67%), entrega voluntária (13.367; 13,69%), resgate (12.803; 13,11%) e transferência (2.735; 2,67%). Os animais foram apreendidos em 236 municípios do estado da Bahia, com destaque para Salvador, Vitória da Conquista, Feira de Santana, Lençóis, Jequié e Paulo Afonso. A avaliação dos quantitativos das apreensões por municípios indica que a BR-116 é uma das rotas de escoamento mais representativa do tráfico ilegal de animais silvestres, no estado da Bahia e no país.(AU)

The Moderating Effect of Criminal Thinking on Certainty of Apprehension in Decisions to Engage in Antisocial Behavior: Replication and Extension.

This study explored whether the rational (certainty of punishment) and nonrational (criminal thinking) aspects of antisocial decision-making interact. A convenience sample of 319 undergraduates (106 men, 213 women) completed a measure of criminal thinking and responded to three fictional vignettes (i.e., cheating on a final examination in a class they were in jeopardy of failing, stealing $50 off a table in a dorm room, and selling marijuana for a friend) at three different levels of risk or certainty of apprehension (50%, 10%, and 1%). Results indicated that participants reported that they would be more likely to engage in antisocial behavior when the certainty of getting caught was low and the level of proactive (P) or reactive (R) criminal thinking was high. An interaction between certainty and criminal thinking was also observed in which the gap between lower and higher criminal thinking respondents grew as the probability of getting caught fell.

¿De qué hablamos cuando nos referimos al paramilitarismo? / What do we talk about when we refer to paramilitarism?

Resumen Se trata de una estrategia cuyo centro es la aplicación de fuerza a escala, en la búsqueda de homogenizar modelos sociales, políticos, económicos, valóricos, hasta espirituales. Es así que, a esta aplicación de violencia o pedagogía reordenadora social basada en el terror, le antecede y le sigue, una planeación del desarrollo, un riguroso análisis prospectivo de la economía "global". Todo se calcula, se proyecta, se mide, de tal forma que toda acción emprendida para el fin de homogenizar sociedad entera, se vaya conectando en términos de tiempos, dinámicas y resultados.

Abstract. It is about a strategy whose core is the use of force to scale, in search of homogenizing social, political, economic values, and even spiritual models. So much so, that this use of violence or restructuring social pedagogy, which is based on terror, precedes it and follows it, a development planning, a rigorous prospective analysis of the "global" economy. Everything is calculated, projected, and measured, so that every action undertaken in order to homogenize society, as a whole, is linked in terms of times, dynamics, and results.

Educación, presente y potencia: la formación de conciencia epistémica a partir del encuentro con el otro / Education, present, and power: the formation of epistemological awareness from the encounter with the other

El artículo, derivado de una investigación, propone sentidos de formación que permitan a las instituciones educativas construir espacios donde los sujetos logrendesplegar su conciencia a partir de examinar parámetros que configuren su relación con la realidad, para lo cual es necesario el encuentro con el otro.

This article, derived from a piece of research, proposes senses of training, which enable educational institutions to build spaces where subjects manage to deploy their awareness, based on the analysis of parameters, which configure their relationships with reality being necessary the encounter with the other.

Resultados operativos de la Policía Nacional, 2013 / Operational results of the National Police, 2013 / Resultados operacionais de polícia nacional, 2013

Se realiza una breve reseña introductoria a las tablas estadísticas que presentan los resultados operativos alcanzados por la Policía Nacional para el 2013, en el desarrollo de estrategias ajustadas a políticas gubernamentales e institucionales, que permitan un despliegue efectivo de acciones preventivas, disuasivas y de control orientadas a garantizar la seguridad y la convivencia de todos los colombianos.

This is a brief introductory review to the statistical charts showing the operational outcomes achieved by the National Police for 2013 in the development of strategies properly adjusted to government and institutional policies, allowing for an efficient display of preventive, dissuasive and controlactions oriented to guaranteeing the security and peaceful coexistence of all the Colombian people.

Uma resenha introdutória breve das tabelas estatísticas é feita e apresenta os resultados operativos alcançados pela Polícia Nacional em 2013, no desenvolvimento das estratégias ajustadas às políticas governamentais e institucionais, que permitem uma implementação eficaz de ações preventivas,dissuasivas e do controle orientados para garantir a segurança e a convivência de todos os colombianos.

Comentários sobre a questão da Perplexidade no contexto das Mutações / Comments on the matter of Perplexity in the context of Mutations / Comentarios sobre el tema de la Perplejidad en el contexto de las Mutaciones

Em uma conversa entre dois colegas psicanalistas, compartilha-se uma experiência clínica na qual um deles é tomado de perplexidade causando-lhe verdadeira mutação em sua postura analítica. A partir disso, percorre-se a trajetória de uma discussão sobre o contexto das mutações no qual a perplexidade pode ocorrer, destaca-se a possibilidade do conhecimento derivado da surpresa e da dúvida, bem como leva-se em conta que, para a Psicanálise, a noção de Eu, e do seu saber, está em conjunção com a tensão inerente à dualidade pulsional.

In a conversation between two fellow psychoanalysts, a clinical experience is shared whereby one of them is taken by perplexity, causing a true mutation in the psychoanalyst's attitude in the clinic. From this, there is a discussion on the context of the mutations in which perplexity may occur. The possibility of knowledge derived from surprise and doubt is highlighted, and it is also taken into account that, in Psychoanalysis, the apprehension of 'I', and of its knowledge, is in conjunction with the tension inherent to the drive duality.

En una conversación entre dos colegas psicoanalistas se intercambia una experiencia clínica en la cual uno de ellos se queda perplejo, lo que le causa una verdadera mutación en su postura clínica. A partir de eso se recorre el camino de una discusión sobre el contexto de las mutaciones en el cual puede aparecer la perplejidad, se destaca la posibilidad del conocimiento derivado de la sorpresa y de la duda, así como se tiene en cuenta que para el Psicoanálisis, la noción del Yo y de su saber está en conjunción con la tensión inherente de la dualidad pulsional.

Sobre a transitoriedade (noventa e dois anos e dez mil quilômetros depois) / On transience (ninety two years and six thousand miles later)

Considerações analíticas e críticas a respeito de concepções e pré-concepções sobre o que se denomina tempo e espaço, originadas de investigação psicanalítica e de algumas ciências que tem se dedicado a desenvolver tais concepções. As considerações brangem uma história das idéias (segundo Berlin), interessado à teoria do conhecimento, e incluem o método crítico (segundo Kant, depois desenvolvido por freud). Limitações ligadas a concepções exclusivas, que pretendem alcançar uma verdade única ou absoluta, são explicitadas, além de alternativas a elas.

Analytical and critical considerations about conceptions and pre-conceptions of that which is commonly named as time and space, stemmed from psycho-analytic research as well as from some sciences that had tradicionally dealt with those conceptions forms the core of this paper. The considerations encompass a history of ideas (after Berlin), and are linked to epistemology; they try to apply Kant's criticism, later developed by Freud. The paper points out some unobserved limitations linked to conceptions which pretend to reach an exclusive and only absolute truth as well as some alternatives to them.

Sobre a transitoriedade (Noventa e dois anos e dez mil quilômetros depois) / On transience (ninety two years and six thousand miles later)

Considerações analíticas e críticas a respeito de concepções e pré-concepções sobre o que se denomina tempo e espaço, originadas de investigação psicanalítica e de algumas ciências que tem se dedicado a desenvolver tais concepções. As considerações brangem uma história das idéias (segundo Berlin), interessado à teoria do conhecimento, e incluem o método crítico (segundo Kant, depois desenvolvido por freud). Limitações ligadas a concepções exclusivas, que pretendem alcançar uma verdade única ou absoluta, são explicitadas, além de alternativas a elas (AU)

Analytical and critical considerations about conceptions and pre-conceptions of that which is commonly named as time and space, stemmed from psycho-analytic research as well as from some sciences that had tradicionally dealt with those conceptions forms the core of this paper. The considerations encompass a history of ideas (after Berlin), and are linked to epistemology; they try to apply Kant's criticism, later developed by Freud. The paper points out some unobserved limitations linked to conceptions which pretend to reach an exclusive and only absolute truth as well as some alternatives to them (AU)