Bond Behavior of FRP Bars in Lightweight SCC under Direct Pull-Out Conditions: Experimental and Numerical Investigation.

In recent decades, lightweight aggregate concrete (LWC) became a popular building material due to its desired properties. However, various attributes of LWC, such as bond behavior of used reinforcing, have not been described thoroughly. In this regard, LWC produced with 0%, 50%, and 100% expanded clay aggregate was designed, and the physical-mechanical properties were assessed for material characterization. Subsequently, the bond behaviors of LWC reinforced with steel, glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), and basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars were evaluated by pull-out tests. The results of the experimental program allowed the effects of expanded clay aggregate incorporation on LWC properties to be quantified. The bond strength of BFRP bars was not affected by the replacement of coarse aggregate by expanded clay aggregate, whilst the GFRP bars showed lower bond strength values of LWC specimens. Contrarily, in the case of steel bars, both the bond strength and bond stiffness were higher for LWC specimens than for those of normal concrete. Finite element software ATENA 3D was used for simulation of the bond behavior of LWC, and the model validated by the experimental results referred to reasonably corresponding outputs.

Flexural Behavior of Natural Hybrid FRP-Strengthened RC Beams and Strain Measurements Using BOTDA.

Experimental and finite element analysis results of reinforced concrete beams under monotonic loading were presented in this study. In the experimental program, one beam was tested in an as-built condition. The other two beams were strengthened using natural hybrid FRP layers in different configurations. The natural hybrid FRP composite was developed by using natural jute FRP and basalt FRP. One of the most appealing advantages of natural fiber is its beneficial impact on the environment, which is necessary for the sustainability recognition as an alternative to synthetic FRP. The hybrid FRP was applied to the bottom concrete surface in one beam, while a U-shaped strengthening pattern was adopted for the other beam. The flexural behavior of each beam was assessed through strain measurements. Each beam was incorporated with conventional strain gages, as well as the Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) technique. BOTDA has its exclusive advantages due to its simple system architecture, easy implementation, measurement speed, and cross-sensitivity. The experimental results revealed that the beam strengthened with the U-shaped hybrid FRP composite pattern had a better flexural response than the other counterpart beams did both in terms of peak loads and maximum bottom longitudinal steel bar strains. Beams B-01 and B-02 exhibited 20.5% and 28.4% higher energy dissipation capacities than the control beam did, respectively. The ultimate failure of the control beam was mainly due to the flexural cracks at very low loads, whereas the ultimate failure mode of FRP composite-strengthened beams was due to the rupture of the hybrid FRP composite. Further, strain measurements using BOTDA exhibited similar patterns as conventional strain gage measurements did. However, it was concluded that BOTDA measurements were substantially influenced by the bottom flexural cracks, ultimately resulting in shorter strain records than those of conventional strain gages. Nonlinear structural analysis of the beams was performed using the computer program ATENA. The analytical results for the control beam specimen showed a close match with the corresponding experimental results mainly in terms of maximum deflection. However, the analytical peak load was slightly higher than the corresponding experimental value.

ATENA-A Novel Rapidly Manufactured Medical Invasive Ventilator Designed as a Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Testing Protocol, Safety, and Performance Validation.

Background: The urgent need for mechanical ventilators to support respiratory insufficiency due to SARS-CoV-2 led to a worldwide effort to develop low-cost, easily assembled, and locally manufactured ventilators. The ATENA ventilator project was developed in a community-based approach targeting the development, prototyping, testing, and decentralized manufacturing of a new mechanical ventilator. Objective: This article aims to demonstrate ATENA's adequate performance and safety for clinical use. Material: ATENA is a low-cost ventilator that can be rapidly manufactured, easily assembled, and locally produced anywhere in the world. It was developed following the guidelines and requirements provided by European and International Regulatory Authorities (MHRA, ISO 86201) and National Authorities (INFARMED). The device was thoroughly tested using laboratory lung simulators and animal models. Results: The device meets all the regulatory requirements for pandemic ventilators. Additionally, the pre-clinical experiences demonstrated security and adequate ventilation and oxygenation, in vivo. Conclusion: The ATENA ventilator had a good performance in required tests in laboratory scenarios and pre-clinical studies. In a pandemic context, ATENA is perfectly suited for safely treating patients in need of mechanical ventilation.

Fisioterapia e núcleo de apoio à saúde da famí­lia: um estudo sob a ótica dos gestores, profissionais e usuários de saúde da famí­lia / Physiotherapy and support center for family health: study from the perspective of family health managers, professionals, and users

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar, sob a ótica dos gestores, profissionais e usuários da estratégia saúde da fa- mília, a atuação do fisioterapeuta no NASF. Metodologia: Apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa numa perspectiva histórico-social. Foram entrevistados 14 indivíduos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os entrevistados fo- ram divididos em três grupos: o grupo I foi composto por Gestores, o grupo II, por Profissionais de Saúde e o grupo III, por Usuários. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da análise de conteúdo. Assim, foi construída a categoria denominada Resolutividade, tendo dois núcle- os de sentido: oferta/demanda e percepção dos usuários quanto à solução do seu problema de saúde. Resultados: O fisioterapeuta, quando inserido no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família, precisa enfrentar os problemas que aportam ao serviço de saúde, tendo como eixos direcio- nadores o exercício de sua autonomia profissional, o de- senvolvimento de intervenções criativas, o vínculo com a coletividade, levando em consideração os direitos do usu- ário, as opções tecnológicas disponíveis e as necessidades da comunidade de pertencimento. Conclusão: Percebe-se uma necessidade de participação efetiva da Fisioterapia nos projetos terapêuticos que atendem a população.

This study aims to analyze, from the perspective of managers, professionals, and users of the family health strategy, the role of the physiotherapist in the Family Health Support Center. Methodology: It presents a qualitative approach in a historical-social perspective. Fourteen individuals were interviewed using a semi- structured interview. Respondents were divided into three groups: Group I was composed of managers, Group II, of health professionals, and Group III, of users. Data analysis was performed based on content analysis. Thus, the Resolvability category was constructed, with two core meanings: supply / demand and user perception of health problem resolution. Results: The physiotherapist, when introduced into the Family Health Support Center, must face the problems that come up in the health service, the central factors being the exercise of their professional autonomy, the development of creative interventions, the link with the community, taking into account user rights, the technological options available, and the needs of the community. Conclusion: There is a clear need for effective participation of physiotherapy in the therapeutic projects that attend the public.

Educação alimentar e nutricional na perspectiva da atenção primária à saúde / Food and nutrition education from the perspective of primary health care

Diante da relevância da obesidade como problema de saú- de pública e sabendo que as ações de promoção da saúde e hábitos saudáveis de alimentação são condutas eficazes para prevenir a evolução desse agravo, este estudo objeti- vou identificar as mudanças no estilo de vida a partir do processo educativo na percepção de participantes de um grupo de educação nutricional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e explicativa, com abordagem qualitativa, sen- do constituída por seis sujeitos adultos, obesos, com ou sem comorbidades associadas que participaram do gru- po de educação nutricional desenvolvido em uma UBSF localizada na Zona Leste do município de São Paulo. As entrevistas foram guiadas por um roteiro semiestruturado e, posteriormente, transcritas na íntegra, categorizadas e analisadas a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo pre- conizada por Bardin. Os discursos foram agrupados em seis categorias, que evidenciaram mudanças significativas e duradouras dos hábitos alimentares, com repercussão no âmbito familiar, além de novas significações para a prá- tica de atividade física. O trabalho em grupo possibilitou a troca entre os saberes formais e populares e mostrou-se um recurso interessante para se conduzir o processo de educação em saúde, favorecendo as mudanças no estilo de vida. Torna-se relevante a valorização dessa ferramenta de trabalho pelos profissionais da atenção básica a fim de tornar as ações mais efetivas.

Given the importance of obesity as a public health problem and knowing that health promotion actions and healthy eating habits are effective actions in preventing the evolution of this harmful condition, this study aimed to identify changes in lifestyle stemming from the educational process in the perception of participants of a nutrition education group. This is a descriptive and explanatory study, with a qualitative approach, and is composed of six obese adult subjects, with or without associated co-morbidities, who participated in the nutrition education group developed at a Basic Family Health Unit located in the Eastern District of the city of São Paulo. The interviews were guided by a semi- structured script, and later fully transcribed, categorized, and analyzed based on the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. The discourses were grouped into six categories that showed significant and lasting changes in eating habits, with repercussions in the family setting, and new emphasis on the practice of physical activity. Group work facilitated exchange between formal and popular knowledge, and proved to be a useful resource in the process of health education, encouraging changes in lifestyle. The recognition of this tool by primary care professionals is relevant to increasing the effectiveness of their work.

"Por que os homens não cuidam da saúde?" A saúde masculina na perspectiva de estudantes da área da saúde / "Why men do not take care of their health?" Men's health from the perspective of students in the health area

Este relato é um recorte de ampla pesquisa que bus- cou identificar as representações sociais de masculini- dade e de saúde de homens e de estudantes de cursos da área da saúde. Centra-se nos dados resultantes das entrevistas realizadas com os estudantes, enfocando sua compreensão sobre a interrelação masculinidade-saúde. Foram entrevistados 60 estudantes, de ambos os sexos, decursosdaáreadesaúdedeumauniversidadelocalizada em Vila Velha-ES, especificamente,30 estudantes do cur- so de Medicina e 30 do curso de Enfermagem. As entre- vistas foram realizadas nas dependências da universidade ou em campos deestágio (tais comohospitais), e tiveram, como ponto de partida, um Roteiro de Entrevista que abarcouquestõessobre:dadospessoais,representaçãoso- cial de masculinidade, saúde masculina e saúde feminina, prevençãoetratamentodedoençasmasculinas,fatoresde risco, conhecimento e avaliação da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem. Também contou com três questões de associação livre. Os dados foram analisados a partir da Análise de conteúdo e do software Evoc.Osresultados,demodogeral,indicamapermanên- cia do discurso que aproxima a mulher dos cuidados com a saúde em termos de prevenção, ao passo que o homem continua como aquele que cuida da saúde ao cuidar da doença. Também evidenciam que os serviços, da forma como estão estruturados, podem estar reforçando a di- visão tradicional de gênero, contribuindo para a exclusão masculina da esfera do cuidado.

This report is an excerpt from a wider study that sought to identify the social representation of masculinity and men's health among students in the health area. It centers on data resulting from interviews conducted with the students, focusing on their comprehension of the masculinity-health interrelation. Thirty students were interviewed, of both genders, from programs in the heath area at university located in Vila Velha, ES, specifically 30 medical students and 30 nursing students. The interviews were conducted on-campus or at internship sites (such as hospitals). They were based on an interview script that covered questions such as personal data, social representation of masculinity, men's and women's health, prevention and treatment of male diseases, risk factors, and knowledge and assessment of the National Policy on Comprehensive Care for Men’s Health. This also included three free-association questions. Data were analyzed using content analysis with Evoc software. The results, generally,indicate the persistentdiscourse that connects women to health care in terms of prevention, while men remain those who take care of health by treating illness. They also show that the way the services are structured may be reinforcing the traditional gender division, contributing to men’s exclusion from the sphere of care.

Conhecimentos e percepções das mães em relação às práticas de higiene de seus filhos / The knowledge and awareness of mothers regarding their children's hygiene practices

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar conhecimentos e per- cepções das mães em relação às práticas de higiene dos seus filhos. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa. Participaram do estudo dez mães de crianças que frequentavam uma creche comunitária, respeitando- se os aspectos éticos. Foi realizada Análise de Conteúdo conforme Moraes. Análise e discussão: Emergiram duas categorias: identificando o conhecimento das mães sobre as práticas de higiene e a percepção das mães sobre os hábitos de higiene dos seus filhos. As mães referem a higiene como conceito ampliado de saúde e um fator de inclusão social na comunidade onde vivem. Considera- ções Finais: Higiene corporal é referenciada como fator importante no desenvolvimento das crianças. A família é fonte transmissora dos conhecimentos de higiene.

Introduction: This project's goal was to identify the level of knowledge and awareness of mothers regarding their children’s hygiene practices. Methods: Exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative research. The subjects were ten mothers of young children, who were enrolled in a community daycare facility; all ethical aspects were observed. Content analysis was performed according to Moraes. Analysis and discussion: Two categories emerged: identifying a mother's knowledge about her children’s hygiene habits and her perceptions regarding her children’s hygiene habits. The mothers generally describe hygiene as a broad concept of health and an essential factor in social inclusion in their home community. Final remarks: Bodily hygiene is regarded as an important factor in child development. The family is the transmission source for hygiene-related knowledge.

O primeiro tribunal de júri / The first court of jury

O trabalho, a par de ser uma réplica ao texto do doutor Carlos Byington, representa uma leitura simbólica da terceira peça da trilogia de Ésquilo, A Oréstia. Destaca a importância da instituição do primeiro tribunal do júri, de como a escolha dos jurados se deu, de como Atená persuadiu as Fúrias a permanecerem residindo em Atenas, oferecendo-lhes templo, devoção e a condição de poderem ser representadas. Ressalta também a condição de ser o tribunal de júri uma solução para o conflito entre o dever e a devoção, pois o exercício do julgamento e a imposição de pena passam a ser da alçada do Estado de Direito e não mais do parente consanguíneo da vítima

This paper, besides being a replica to doctor Carlos Byington's text, represents a symbolic reading of the third part of Aeschylus trilogy, The Oresteia. It highlights the importance of the institution of the first court of jury, on how the choice of jurors happened, on how Athena persuaded the Furies to stay in Athens, offering them temple, devotion and the condition to be represented as images. It also shows the court of jury to be a solution to the conflict between duty and devotion, because the judgment and the imposition of penalty shall become the purview of the state law and no more of the blood kinship of the victim

O primeiro tribunal de júri / The first court of jury

O trabalho, a par de ser uma réplica ao texto do doutor Carlos Byington, representa uma leitura simbólica da terceira peça da trilogia de Ésquilo, A Oréstia. Destaca a importância da instituição do primeiro tribunal do júri, de como a escolha dos jurados se deu, de como Atená persuadiu as Fúrias a permanecerem residindo em Atenas, oferecendo-lhes templo, devoção e a condição de poderem ser representadas. Ressalta também a condição de ser o tribunal de júri uma solução para o conflito entre o dever e a devoção, pois o exercício do julgamento e a imposição de pena passam a ser da alçada do Estado de Direito e não mais do parente consanguíneo da vítima (AU)

This paper, besides being a replica to doctor Carlos Byington's text, represents a symbolic reading of the third part of Aeschylus trilogy, The Oresteia. It highlights the importance of the institution of the first court of jury, on how the choice of jurors happened, on how Athena persuaded the Furies to stay in Athens, offering them temple, devotion and the condition to be represented as images. It also shows the court of jury to be a solution to the conflict between duty and devotion, because the judgment and the imposition of penalty shall become the purview of the state law and no more of the blood kinship of the victim (AU)

Os anticorpos psíquicos: diversidade e individuação / The physic antibodies: diversity and individuation

A autora propõe uma digressão sobre como a integração de polaridades simbólicas para o complexo do eu se forja, comparando essa integração ao conceito qualia, da neurociência. A integração ocorre com a mobilização de grande carga emocional e se dá pela consciência reflexiva que tem um caráter pós-patriarcal e qualifica esse padrão de consciência como dialogal. Propõe também que as polaridades simbólicas não estruturadas permanecem no reino da sombra como instâncias da própria identidade e passam a funcionar como inimigos de si mesmo, provocando a formação de anticorpos, que qualifica como anticorpos psíquicos. Conclui que o processo de individuação é o gerador da maior de todas as diversidades (AU)

The author proposes a digression on how the integration of polarities for the symbolic complex of Ego is forged, comparing to the concept integration of Qualia Neuroscience. The integration occurs through reflexive counsciousness which has a post-patriarcal character and qualifies this pattern of counsciousness as dialogical. It also proposes that the polarities symbolic unstructured remains in the realm of the shadow as instances of their own identity and operate as enemies of himself, causing the formation of psyche antibodies. The author concludes that the process of individuation is the generator of the greatest of all diversities (AU)