Neural oscillations after acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction during resting state and sleep spindles.

Electroencephalogram-microstate analysis was conducted using low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA)-KEY to evaluate dynamic brain network changes in patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (LAACI) during the rest and sleep stages. This study included 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls and 34 patients with acute LAACI. Each participant performed a 3-h, 19-channel video electroencephalogram test. Subsequently, 20 epochs of 2-s sleep spindles during stage N2 sleep and five epochs of 10-s electroencephalogram data in the resting state for each participant were obtained. In both the resting state and sleep spindles, patients with LAACI displayed altered neural oscillations. The parameters of microstate A (coverage, occurrence, and duration) increased during the resting state in the patients with LAACI compared with healthy controls. The coverage and occurrence of microstate B and D were reduced in the LAACI group compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, during sleep spindles, the duration of microstate A and the transition probability from microstate A and B to C decreased, but the coverage of microstate B and the transition rate from microstate B to D increased (p < 0.05) in the LAACI group compared with the healthy controls. These results enable better understanding of how neural oscillations are modified in patients with LAACI during the resting state and sleep spindles. Following LAACI, the dynamic brain network undergoes changes during sleep spindles and the resting state. Continued long-term investigations are required to determine how well these changes in brain dynamics reflect the clinical characteristics of patients with LAACI.

The relationship between severe extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion and cerebral small vessel disease in patients with large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.

Background and purpose: Extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) is associated with the presence of individual markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Here, we investigated the relationship between severe extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion and CSVD in patients with large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 128 patients with LAA cerebral infarction who met our specific inclusion criteria were selected, including 92 males and 36 females. These patients were divided into three groups based on whether they had severe symptomatic extracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion, severe asymptomatic extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion, or severe extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion (both symptomatic and asymptomatic). Intra-group comparisons were then performed to examine whether there were any differences in the total CSVD scores and Fazekas scores. Results: Patients with severe extracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion and those with severe asymptomatic extracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion had a significantly higher total CSVD score (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of Fazekas scores. Furthermore, there were no significant difference in the total CSVD scores and Fazekas scores when compared between patients with or without severe symptomatic extracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion. Conclusion: Severe stenosis or occlusion of the contralateral extracranial artery may increase the incidence of CSVD in patients with LAA cerebral infarction. Active and effective clinical intervention following comprehensive evaluation should be undertaken for unilateral cerebral infarction patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of the contralateral extracranial arterial.

Contrast agent retention sign in angiography predicts acute internal carotid artery embolic occlusion.

BACKGROUND: Identification of acute internal carotid artery embolism (ICAE) and internal carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAAS) in acute ischemic stroke patients is important for selection of treatment. The presence of contrast agent retention on pre-procedural angiographic images is more common in patients with ICA occlusion caused by embolism compared to patients with ICA atherosclerotic stenosis. This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of contrast agent retention sign for predicting ICAE. METHODS: Sixty-five patients with ICA occlusion who underwent emergency endovascular treatment from September 2014 to September 2020 were included in this retrospective analysis. Patients were divided into ICAE (n = 46) and ICAAS (n = 19) groups. Clinical characteristics, imaging data and ICA contrast agent retention signs of patients were collected. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnosis accuracy of contrast agent retention sign were conducted. RESULTS: The positive ICA contrast agent retention sign was significantly more common in patients with ICAE (60.87% vs 0.00%, P < 0.001) than that of patients with ICAAS, but significantly lower in male patients (53.57% vs 81.08%, P = 0.017). There were significantly more patients with positive sign had occlusion in C6 segment (64.29% vs 13.51%, P < 0.001) and no outflow tract (85.71% vs 5.41%, P < 0.001) compared with negative sign group. There were significantly fewer patients with postive sign had occlusion in C1 segment (0.00% vs 40.54%, P < 0.001) compared with negative sign group. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnosis accuracy of contrast agent retention sign for predicting ICAE occlusion were 60.87%, 100%, 100%, 51.35% and 72.31%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ICA contrast agent retention sign has very high specificity and moderate sensitivity for detection of acute ICAE.

Correlation Between Angiotensin Receptor Type 1 Polymorphisms and Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction Risk.

Background: Emerging evidences suggest that the angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1R) contributes heavily to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Herein, we examined a potential link between AT1R gene polymorphisms and ACI risk among a Southern Han Chinese population. Methods: The rs3772616, rs275645, and rs377262 AT1R polymorphisms were genotyped in 689 ACI patients and 712 healthy controls, using the iMLDR-TM assay. Results: The genotypic and allelic frequencies of AT1R rs3772616 differed tremendously between ACI patients and healthy controls, and the rs3772616 T allele is a risk allele for ACI. However, the rs275645 and rs377262 allelic and genotypic frequency distributions were comparable between ACI patients and controls. In addition, the G-T-T haplotype was linked to an enhanced risk of ACI. We, next, classified our study subjects based on environmental factors and revealed that the rs3772616 T allele was strongly associated with an elevated ACI risk in males, hypertensive individuals, and those over 65 years old. In addition, we observed a marked link between the rs3772616 T allele and enhanced AT1R levels. Conclusion: Based on our research, there is a strong correlation between the AT1R rs3772616 polymorphism and enhanced ACI risk. Hence, the AT1R rs3772616 polymorphism can serve as a potential therapeutic target and bioindicator for ACI development.

Identification of lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with isolated systolic hypertension and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND: Increasingly, evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). However, a systematic lncRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) regulatory network is still absent in isolated systolic hypertension and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients (ISH & ACI). This research aimed to establish a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network in patients with ISH & ACI, to probe into the potential functions of lncRNA in such patients. METHODS: Expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNAs were collected and compared, from 8 patients with ISH and 8 patients with ISH & ACI by RNA-seq data. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were screened out via high-throughput sequencing in the plasma of ISH/ACI patients and control ISH patients. Then, a lncRNA-mRNA interaction network was built using the Pearson correlation coefficient by Cytoscape software. The expression levels of the hub genes and lncRNAs were verified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in another 10 ISH/ACI patients and 10 control patients. This study was approved by the responsible institutional review board (IRB) and informed consent was provided by participants. RESULTS: A total of 2,768 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 747 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. We identified two hub genes (CD226 and PARVB) and 11 lncRNAs in the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network. The results of qRT-PCR and cell assay verified that lncRNAs ENST00000590604 and CD226 are highly expressed in patients of ISH & ACI. Further, CD226 was associated with vascular endothelial cells growth and stability through the platelet activation and focal adhesion pathway. CONCLUSIONS: We established a novel mRNA-lncRNA interaction network. The lncRNAs ENST00000590604 and CD226 might be the potential biomarkers of ISH & ACI.

Early warning effect of AKT1 genetic polymorphism on atherosclerotic cerebral infarction / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the early warning effect of two polymorphisms of AKT1 gene (rs1130214, rs2494744) on the risk of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Hainan province.Methods:In this study, totally 243 patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction who were hospitalized of Hainan Province from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the cerebral infarction group, including 148 Han nationality people and 95 Li nationality people. And 272 healthy people who received physical examination in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group, including 197 Han nationality people and 75 Li nationality people.All participants signed informed consent. The peripheral anticoagulant DNA was collected, and the genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR.The genotypes of rs1130214 and rs2494744 were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and the distribution frequency of genotypes in cerebral infarction group and control group was analyzed by Chi-square test with SPSS 25.0 software.Results:Regardless of nationality, there was no significant difference in the distribution frequency of rs1130214 and rs2494744 of AKT1 gene between cerebral infarction group and control group (both P>0.05). The frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes of rs2494744 locus were 44.59%, 51.36% and 4.05% in the cerebral infarction group of Han nationality, while they were 47.21%, 42.13% and 10.66% in the control group of Han nationality, with significant difference between the two groups(χ 2=6.396, P<0.05). The independent effects of the three genotypes were analyzed by regression analysis. The results showed that GG genotype might be a resistance factor of cerebral infarction in Han population ( P=0.024, OR=0.354, 95% CI: 0.139-0.901). The frequency of AA, AG and GG genotypes of rs2494744 was 58 (61.05%), 25 (26.32%), 12 (12.63%) in the control group of Li nationality, and 28 (37.33%), 39 (52.00%), 8 (10.67%) in the control group of Li nationality. The results showed that the distribution of AA was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05, OR= 2.631, 95% CI=1.410-4.09), while AG was on the contrary ( P<0.05, OR=0.330, 95% CI=0.173-0.627). Conclusion:AA genotype of rs2494744 in AKT1 gene polymorphism is a risk factor for cerebral infarction in Li nationality group, which has potential early warning value for cerebral infarction in Hainan Li nationality group, while AG has protective effect on cerebrovascular health in Hainan Li nationality group.

A Preliminary Study of the Association between Apolipoprotein E Promoter Methylation and Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction.

AIM: To investigate association of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene promoter methylation with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) in the Han Chinese population. METHODS: Twenty-six ACI patients (the case group) and 26 healthy (the control group) were recruited randomly from Henan Han nationality population, from April 2016 to August 2016. Bisulfite pyrosequencing technology was used to examine the role of the aberrant gene promoter methylation in ACI in Han Chinese population. Especially, we used the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) method to elevate the correlation between ApoE Promoter Methylation and ACI. RESULTS: The case group was significantly more likely to have hypertension and carotid atherosclerotic plaques (Table 1). The case group had significantly lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), folate, and higher levels of homocysteine (Table 2). We observed that ACI patients (n = 26) had significantly higher methylation levels at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) 14 and CpG16 compared with controls (n = 26) (Table 3). Importantly, our results indicated a significant association between ApoE promoter methylation and ACI (OR = 16.146; 95% CI, 1.154-225.832; P* < .05; P*: adjusted for age, gender, carotid atherosclerotic plaque, hypertension, HDL-C, homocysteine, and folate) (Table 4). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that ApoE promoter methylation may be associated with ACI in Han Chinese people.

Tag single nucleotide polymorphism rs1532624 located in cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene is associated with atherosclerosis cerebral ischemia

Objective:To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of rs1532624 and rs289741 loci in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genes and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).Methods:The CETP gene rs1532624 and rs289741 in 95 patients with ACI and 177 healthy subjects were genotyped by MassARRAY mass spectrometry. Each locus genotype and allele frequency distributions were compared.Results:The difference of allele frequency distribution between the rs1532624 (χConclusion:ACI have a positive correlation with rs1532624 polymorphism, and AA genotype may be susceptible factors of ACI.

Tag single nucleotide polymorphism rs1532624 located in cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene is associated with atherosclerosis cerebral ischemia

Objective: To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of rs1532624 and rs289741 loci in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genes and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods: The CETP gene rs1532624 and rs289741 in 95 patients with ACI and 177 healthy subjects were genotyped by MassARRAY mass spectrometry. Each locus genotype and allele frequency distributions were compared. Results: The difference of allele frequency distribution between the rs1532624 (χ

Influence of Qileng Decoction on Serum Visfatin Level and Degree of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Cerebral Infarction / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the influence of Qileng Decoction on the level of serum visfatin and the degree of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with acute atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(AACI). Methods One hundred and eighty AACI patients were classified into non-AACI control group (group A;N = 30), stable carotid atherosclerotic plaques group(group B;N = 75)and unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques group(group C;N= 75)according to the results of carotid color ultrasonography. The serum visfatin level of the three groups was detected at the time of AACI attack. Group B and group C were separately randomized into conventional treatment subgroup (N = 37)and Qileng Decoction subgroup (N = 38). The conventional treatment subgroup was given basic therapy for AACI including nutrition support and symptomatic treatment , and Qileng Decoction subgroup was treated with Qileng Decoction (mainly composed of Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Sparganii, Fructus Mori,Radix Trichosanthis, Rhizoma Curcumae,Hirudo,and Fructus Aurantii)orally on the basis of treatment for the conventional treatment group. Before treatment and 15,90 and 180 days after treatment,we detected the level of serum visfatin,and measured the carotid intima-media thickness(IMT)and plaque scores(PS). Results (1)At the time of AACI attack,serum visfatin level of group B and group C was significantly higher than that of group A,and the level of serum visfatin of group C was significantly higher than that of group B,the difference being significant (P < 0.05). After treatment,serum visfatin over-expression was improved in both conventional treatment subgroup and Qileng Decoction subgroup of groups B and C at various time points (P< 0.05 compared with that before treatment), and the improvement in Qileng Decoction subgroup was superior to that in conventional treatment subgroup (P < 0.05). (2)At the end of treatment, IMT was improved in conventional treatment subgroup and Qileng Decoction subgroup of groups B and C (P < 0.05 compared with that before treatment), and the improvement in Qileng Decoction subgroup was superior to that in conventional treatment subgroup (P < 0.05). (3) The total effective rate for PS improvement of conventional treatment subgroup in groups B and C was 74.3％,68.6％ respectively,and that of Qileng Decoction subgroup in groups B and C was 94.4％, 91.7％ respectively, indicating that Qileng Decoction subgroup had better effect on improving PS than conventional treatment subgroup(P < 0.05). Conclusion Qileng Decoction exerts certain effect on regulating the over-expression of serum visfatin and improving the degree of carotid atherosclerosis in AACI patients.

Clinical value of LP-PLA2 and serum resistin in predicting the prognosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction / 医学研究生学报

Objective Few studies are reported about the values of the levels of plasma lipoprotein related phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and serum resistin in predicting the prognosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).This article aims to evaluate the predictive values of LP-PLA2 and serum resistin in the prognosis of ACI.Methods This study included 136 cases of ACI diagnosed and treated in Huaihe Hosptial from September 2013 to September 2014.The patients were followed up for 2 years,during which 48 were found with adverse outcomes (the poor prognosis group) 76 without disease progression (the good prognosis group).We analyzed the influencing factors on prognosis using the Cox proportional hazard model and evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of these factors in predicting the prognostic risks of the patients by ROC curve analysis.Results The rate of poor prognosis was 38.71％ among the included patients.Analysis with the Cox proportional hazard model showed significant impacts of LP-PLA2 (OR =2.105,95％ CI:1.878-2.413) and serum resistin (OR=1.784,95％ CI:1.509-2.213) on the prognosis of the patients.Compared with the good prognosis group,the poor prognosis group exhibited markedly higher levels of LP-PLA2 ([128.78±76.22] vs [268.65±89.02] mg/L,P＜0.01)and serum resistin ([20.71±6.15] vs [24.36±4.87] mg/L,P＜0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of LP-PLA2 combined with serum resistin were 81.35％ and 78.26％,respectively.Conclusion The combination of LP-PLA2 with serum resistin has a good predictive value for the prognosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and is expected to be widely applied as a routine index in clinical practice.

Impact of aspirin resistance on recurrence of artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and risk factors of aspirin resistance / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the impact of aspirin resistance(AR)on the recurrence of artery athero-sclerotic cerebral infarction,and analyze the risk factors of AR. Methods According to TOSAT classification, newly diagnosed cerebral infarction patients with artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction were selected into groups,and aspirin enteric-coated tables(ASP)was used to prevent platelet aggregation.One week later,the inhi-bition rate of platelet was detected by thrombelastogram(TEG),and the patients were divided into aspirin sensi-tive(AS)group and AR group,and were followed-up for at least 6 months.According to whether they were recur-rent cerebral infarction,the patients were divided into recurrent group and non-recurrent group. Then,statistical analysis was conducted.Results The incidence rate of AR in recurrent group was significantly higher than that in non-recurrence group(P < 0.05);the recurrence rate of cerebral infarction in AR group was significantly higher than that in AS group(P<0.05).When compare the clinical indexes between the recurrence group and non-recur-rence group,age,diabetes,TC,Hcy,Apo-a in the two groups were different(P<0.05).In recurrent group,the distribution of diabetes,LDL-C and Hs-CRP were different between AR and AS group(P<0.05).Age,gender, hypertension,diabetes,Hs-CRP and TC were risk factors for AR.Conclusions AR plays an important role in the relapse of artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and it is more likely to occur especially accompanied by adverse factors such as underlying diseases. TEG can be used to detect AR rapidly and conveniently,which has practical significance in preventing recurrent cerebral infarction.

Association of the LOX-1 rs1050283 Polymorphism with Risk for Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction and its Effect on sLOX-1 and LOX-1 Expression in a Chinese Population.

AIMS: The interaction between lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1) and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) has been viewed as an important pathogenic factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to explore the association of a functional polymorphism rs1050283 in the 3'-untranslated region of the LOX-1 gene with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) susceptibility, and we also investigated the effects of the rs1050283 polymorphism on LOX-1 expression and serum levels of sLOX-1 in patients with ACI. METHODS: A case-controlled study was performed in 526 patients with ACI and 640 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by DNA sequencing method. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the level of LOX-1 expression. Serum levels of sLOX-1 were quantified using ELISA according to the manufacturer's instruction. RESULTS: The results of the present study showed that the frequency of rs1050283 T allele was significantly higher in patients with ACI than in healthy controls. We also found that the rs1050283 polymorphism T allele was associated with increased LOX-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels in patients with ACI. Furthermore, we also observed that among patients with ACI, those with the rs1050283 T allele showed an increased serum level of sLOX-1. CONCLUSION: Our research demonstrated that the rs1050283 T allele of LOX-1 is strongly associated with an increased risk for ACI in a Chinese population, which also affects levels of LOX-1 and sLOX-1.

Effect of atorvastatin calcium on carotid plaque in patients with cerebral infarction / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of atorvastatin calcium on carotid plaque in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods112 cases of arteriosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction were randomLy selected from January 2015 to 2016 year in January in our hospital, according to digital method, divided into the observation group (n=56) and control group (n=56), the control group were treated with cinepazide treatment lasted 6 months, the observation group in the control group based on the use of atorvastatin calcium 20mg/d.For 6 months, clinical curative effect and compared two groups of patients with blood lipid levels and blood rheology indexes.ResultsThe total efficiency of the observation group was 89.28% higher than that of the control group (50/56) 69.65% (39/56);to compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the two groups of patients after treatment, blood rheology and blood lipid levels were significantly improved (P<0.05);and the observation group blood lipid levels and blood rheology the improvement is better than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusionatorvastatin can improve the metabolism of blood lipid, promote the circulation of cerebral blood flow, and has the function of resisting carotid atherosclerosis.

Analysis of Carotid color ultrasonography and high sensitive C-reactive protein in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVES: To detect the correlation between high-sensitivity-CRP, carotid plaque, neurological function and intima-media thickness, and help physicians in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. METHODS: A total of 96 patients with the first onset of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction were included in the study from July 2013 to May 2015. The test of high-sensitivity-CRP, examination of carotid color ultrasonography and neurological function evaluation were carried out for all the participants. RESULTS: Ninety-six patients were divided into carotid plaque group and non-plaque group according to the existence of a carotid plaque after carotid artery ultrasonography. The carotid plaque group was further subdivided into stable plaque and unstable plaque subgroups according to plaque characteristics. The age in two subgroups was significantly higher than the non-plaque group (p<0.05). The unstable plaque subgroup presented with the highest values in intima-media thickness and high-sensitivity-CRP level, followed by stable plaque subgroup and non-plaque group (p<0.05). With the nervous damage scale increase, the level of high-sensitivity-CRP increase significantly (p<0.05). In addition, there was significant correlation between NIHSS score and high-sensitivity-CRP in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The level of high-sensitivity-CRP and intima-media thickness is closely associated with the development of carotid plaque, and high-sensitivity-CRP can be regarded as a high sensitive index in deciding the risk and prognosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.

Leu125Val polymorphism of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 is associated with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population.

A total of 142 Atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) patients and 116 controls were enrolled in our study. The Leu125Val polymorphism of PECAM-1 was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The plasma sPECAM-1 level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. We found a statistically significant difference in Leu125Val genotypic distribution between cases and controls (P < 0.05). The frequencies of the Val allele between ACI group and controls were significantly different (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the genotype Val/Val was associated with increased ACI risk (OR = 2.355, 95% CI = 1.153-4.809, P = 0.019). In both the ACI group and the control group, the plasma PECAM-1 levels of carriers of the Val/Val genotype were higher than those carrying Leu/Leu and Leu/Val genotypes. The plasma sPECAM-1 level is associated with ACI. Our study showed that Leu125Val polymorphism of PECAM-1 may be associated with ACI risk. Carrying the Val/Val genotype showed increased risk for ACI. The Leu125Val polymorphism of PECAM-1 may be associated with the plasma sPECAM-1 level, which is associated with Chinese ACI also. In conclusions, The Leu125Val polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene is likely to be related to ACI, and the Val/Val genotype may be an independent risk factor for ACI. The plasma sPECAM-1 level may be associated with ACI risk.

Correlation among angiotensinogen gene polymorphisma,blood glucose level and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the relationship among the angiotensinogen (AGT)gene T174M,M235T polymorphisma,blood glucose level and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.Methods The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymor-phism (PCR-RFLP)method was adopted to detecte the gene polymorphisms of AGT gene 174,235 sites and the fully automatic bi-ochemical analyzer was used to detect the biochemical indexes of GLU,etc.in 396 patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and 360 normal controls.Results The GLU level in the patients of the ACI group carrying genotype TT and TM at AGT gene T174M site was higher than that in the normal control group with statistical differences(P 0.05);the glucose level in the patients carrying genotypes MM,MT and TT at M235T site in the ACI group was higher than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05 ).Conclusion No correlation is found among AGT gene T174M,M235T polymorphism,blood glucose level and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction;hyperglycemia is one of the risk factors of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction occurrence.

Change of antithrombin Ⅲ in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral in-farction / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To explore the change of antithrombin Ⅲ( AT-Ⅲ) in the patients with atherosclerotic cere-bral infarction .METHODS:Chromogenic substrate assay was used to measure the activity of AT-Ⅲ in 55 patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and 55 healthy controls , and the correlation analysis was applied to determine the AT-Ⅲactivity with the severity of damage in central nervous system and general biochemical parameters .The levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in the plasma were detected by ELISA .Immunocomplex in the plasma was measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The number and phenotype of the monocytes in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry .ELISA was also applied to determine the secretion of TNF-αand IL-6 from the monocytes after the stimulation of immunocomplex .The expression of AT-Ⅲin human brain vascular endothelial cells after the stimulation of TNF-αand IL-6 was observed by Western blotting . RESULTS:The activity of AT-Ⅲsignificantly decreased in the patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction , and nega-tively correlated with the damage degree of nervous system function , systolic pressure , diastolic pressure , glucose , choles-terol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and homocysteine , while positively correlated with high-density lipo-protein.In addition, the plasma levels of TNF-αand IL-6 increased significantly , accompanied with the enhancement of immunocomplex level .The numbers of CD14 + CD16 + and CD14 + CD32 + monocytes in peripheral blood were not changed , while CD14 +CD64 +monocytes increased obviously .The secretion of TNF-αand IL-6 by monocytes were signifi-cantly enhanced after stimulated with immunocomplex , while the protein expression of AT-Ⅲ in the human brain vascular endothelial cells was down-regulated after co-incubated with TNF-αor IL-6.CONCLUSION:Decreased AT-Ⅲactivity in the patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction is one of the risk factors of cerebral infarction , and related with the dis-ease severity .The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through immunocomplex from CD 14 +CD64 +monocytes may be involved in the mechanism .Improvement of AT-Ⅲactivity may protect against cerebral ischemia .

Meta-analysis on the relationship between virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori and risk of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship between cytotoxin-associated gene-A (CagA)seropositive of Helicobacter pylori (H .pylori )infection and risk of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods Related literatures were researched through literature retrieval ,literatures were obtained by uniformed criteria of inclusion and exclusion,and Meta analysis was performed with RevMan 4.2 software.Results A total of 10 literatures which met the inclusion criteria were retrieved,all were case-control study,case group included 907 studied subjects,and control group included 966 subjects;the included population were divided into Chinese subgroup and European Caucasian sub-group.Meta analysis of CagA seropositive of H .pylori infection and risk of ACI revealed that OR of the overall popula-tion,Chinese subgroup,and European Caucasian subgroup was 2.66(2.17-3.26),2.60(1.93-3.49),and 2.71(2.05-3.59)respectively;Meta analysis of CagA seronegative of H .pylori infection and risk of ACI revealed that OR of the overall population,Chinese subgroup,and European Caucasian subgroup was 0.74(0.49-1.10),0.81(0.45-1.48),and 0.64(0.37-1.09)respectively.The funnel plot and fail-safe number showed that there was no significant publication bias, the result was stable and reliable.Conclusion Chronic infection caused by CagA seropositive strains of H .pylori may be one of the risk factors of CAI,whether the eradication treatment of seropositive strains of H .pylori influences the process of atherosclerotic diseases like CAI needs to be further studied.

An association study on ADAM10 promoter polymorphisms and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in a Chinese population.

AIM: Dysregulation of the activity of the disintegrin/metalloproteinase ADAM10 could contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Although a number of genetic studies have focused on the association of ADAM10 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to diseases, no genetic association studies of ADAM10 gene variability with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) have been conducted. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between ADAM10 promoter polymorphisms and ACI. METHODS: The associations between rs653765 and rs514049 polymorphisms of the ADAM10 promoter and the possible risk of ACI were assessed among 347 patients with ACI and 299 matched healthy individuals in a case-control study. RESULTS: Overall, there was a significant difference in the genotypes frequencies of rs653765 (P = 0.04) between the ACI and control subjects. In addition, the rs653765 mutated allele of ADAM10 was significantly associated with increased ADAM10 expression in patients with ACI (P = 0.032). In contrast, the allele frequency of rs514049 was not statistically associated with ACI, and the rs514049 variant A > C did not affect the expression of ADAM10 either. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate a positive association between the rs653765 polymorphism of ADAM10 and ACI, as well as a negative result for rs514049. In addition, a significant increase in ADAM10 expression was observed in patients with ACI carrying the rs653765 C > T mutation. This new knowledge about ADAM10 might be clinically important and confirm a role for ADAM10 in the pathophysiology of ACI, with potentially important therapeutic implications.