Construcción y valoración de la pertenencia a una barra brava de fútbol. Las voces de los exintegrantes / Construction and assessment of membership to a soccer barra brava. The voices of former members

En este trabajo describimos la construcción y valoración de la pertenencia a una barra brava de fútbol desde las voces de un grupo de exintegrantes. Desarrollamos entrevistas semi estructuradas con siete exintegrantes de la barra brava Trinchera Norte (Perú), que asistían a los esta-dios en la década de 1990 y ejercían un rol protagónico en la barra brava. Los participantes nos relatan que construyeron su pertenencia a partir de la interacción con un grupo de pares que compartían el interés por un equipo de fútbol. En este grupo se desarrollaron y definieron comportamientos que asumieron y que destacan en la actualidad. Así, valoran el compañerismo, la resiliencia, el orgullo y la lucha por sus metas e ideales como aprendizajes significativos que continúan aplicando en su vida. (AU)

In this paper, we describe the construction and assessment of membership to a football barra brava from the voices of a group of former members. We developed semi-structured interviews with seven former members of the barra brava Trinchera Norte(Peru), who attended the stadiums in the 1990s and played a leading role in the barra brava. The participants tell us that they built their membership from the interaction with a group of peers who shared an in-terest in a soccer team. In this group, behaviors that they assumed and that stand out today were developed and defined. Thus, they value camaraderie, resilience, pride and the fight for their goals and ideals as significant learning that they continue to apply in their lives. (AU)

Proximal chemical evaluation, antioxidant content and fatty acids in fermented and dried cocoa beans, roasted cocoa beans and cocoa pulp bar (Theobroma cacao L. Criollo cultivar)

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the proximal chemical composition, antioxidant activity assays with total phenol, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl, 2'2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, iron reducing antioxidant power, and the fatty acid composition of fermented and dried cocoa beans, roasted cocoa beans and cocoa pulp bar. The fermented and dried cocoa beans were purchased, roasted (115 °C for 5 min) and homogenized. The mixture was brought to its melting point (58 °C for 5 min). In the cocoa pulp bar there was an increase in lipids (53.0%). The roasted affected the concentration of ashes (3.38-2.98%). Total phenol (1.8, 1.5 and 1.3 mg AEG kg-1), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (65.8, 64.4 and 65.0 μmol ET kg-1), 2'2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (3.60, 3.00 and 2.30 μmol EAC kg-1) and iron reducing antioxidant power (0.09, 0.07 and 0.06 mg Fe2+ kg-1) presented significant differences (p<0.05) in the fermented and dried cocoa beans, roasted cocoa beans and cocoa pulp bar respectively, however, the changes were minimal. The cocoa pulp bar had a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acid (89.2%), where oleic (48.6%) was predominated. Therefore, the cocoa pulp bar is a food with an important antioxidant content, moreover, it has a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acid, which is desirable in the diet.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la composición química proximal, el contenido de antioxidantes con los ensayos de fenoles totales, 2,2-Difenil-1-Picrilhidrazil, Ácido 2'2-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico), sal de diamonio y poder antioxidante reductor del hierro, y la composición de ácidos grasos en los granos de cacao fermentados y secos, granos de cacao tostados y barra de pulpa de cacao. Se compraron los granos de cacao fermentado y seco y se tostaron (115 °C durante 5 min), y se homogeneizaron. La mezcla se llevó a su punto de fusión (58 °C durante 5 min). En la barra de pulpa de cacao hubo un aumento de lípidos (53,0%). El tostado afectó la concentración de cenizas (3,38 - 2,98%). En los resultados de fenoles totales (1,80, 1,50 y 1,30 mg AEG kg-1), 2,2-Difenil-1-Picrilhidrazil (65,8, 64,4 y 65,0 μmol ET kg-1), Ácido 2'2-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico), sal de diamonio (3,6, 3,0 y 2,3 μmol EAC kg-1) y poder antioxidante reductor del hierro (0.09, 0.07 y 0.06 mg Fe2+ kg-1) presentaron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en los granos de cacao fermentados y secos, granos de cacao tostados y barra de pulpa de cacao respectivamente, sin embargo, los cambios fueron mínimos. La barra de pulpa de cacao presentó una mayor concentración de ácidos grasos insaturados (89%), donde predominó el oleico (48,6%). Por lo tanto, la barra de pulpa de cacao es un alimento con importante contenido en antioxidantes, además, tiene una mayor concentración de ácidos grasos insaturados, lo que es deseable en la dieta.

Manifestaciones neurológicas graves de la gripe durante la temporada gripal 2018-2019: serie de casos de 13 pacientes pediátricos / Severe neurological manifestations of influenza during 2018-2019 influenza season: Case series of 13 pediatric patients

La gripe se asocia al aparato respiratorio, especialmente en invierno, y puede causar complicaciones neurológicas. Se evaluó a pacientes pediátricos con manifestaciones neurológicas graves por gripe desde septiembre de 2018 hasta febrero de 2019 para determinar características clínicas, neuroimagenología, tratamiento y resultados. El objetivo fue evaluar la encefalitis asociada a la gripe y destacar diferentes manifestaciones neurológicas y cambios de neuroimagenología. El estudio incluyó a 13 pacientes. Los síntomas neurológicos ocurrieron tras los síntomas típicos de la gripe. Los cambios de neuroimagenología incluyen alteraciones de señal de la sustancia blanca cortical y subcortical, edema localizado o generalizado y lesiones multifocales simétricas bilaterales en el tálamo y la médula del cerebelo. Las opciones terapéuticas incluyen metilprednisolona en inyección intravenosa, inmunoglobulina intravenosa, plasmaféresis y oseltamivir. Es fundamental considerar la encefalitis asociada a la gripe en pacientes con convulsiones, la encefalopatía con hallazgos radiológicos compatibles, e iniciar el tratamiento lo antes posible

Influenza is mostly associated with the respiratory tract system, especially in the winter season. Various neurological complications could occur due to influenza infection. Pediatric patients who had severe neurological manifestations due to influenza infection from September 2018 to February 2019 were evaluated for clinical characteristics, neuroimaging studies, treatment, and outcome. We aimed to assess Influenza-associated encephalitis in children, emphasize different neurological manifestations and neuroimaging changes. Thirteen patients were included in the study. Neurological symptoms occurred after flu-like symptoms. Neuroimaging changes of influenza-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy include cortical and subcortical white matter signal alterations, localized or generalized edema, and bilateral symmetrical multifocal lesions on the thalamus and cerebellar medulla. Pulse methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and oseltamivir are the therapy choices. It is essential to consider influenza-associated encephalitis in patients with seizures, encephalopathy with supporting radiological findings, especially during the influenza season and starting treatment as fast as possible for better outcomes.

Severe neurological manifestations of influenza during 2018-2019 influenza season: Case series of 13 pediatric patients. / Manifestaciones neurológicas graves de la gripe durante la temporada gripal 2018-2019: serie de casos de 13 pacientes pediátricos.

Influenza is mostly associated with the respiratory tract system, especially in the winter season. Various neurological complications could occur due to influenza infection. Pediatric patients who had severe neurological manifestations due to influenza infection from September 2018 to February 2019 were evaluated for clinical characteristics, neuroimaging studies, treatment, and outcome. We aimed to assess Influenzaassociated encephalitis in children, emphasize different neurological manifestations and neuroimaging changes. Thirteen patients were included in the study. Neurological symptoms occurred after flu-like symptoms. Neuroimaging changes of influenza-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy include cortical and subcortical white matter signal alterations, localized or generalized edema, and bilateral symmetrical multifocal lesions on the thalamus and cerebellar medulla. Pulse methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and oseltamivir are the therapy choices. It is essential to consider influenza-associated encephalitis in patients with seizures, encephalopathy with supporting radiological findings, especially during the influenza season and starting treatment as fast as possible for better outcomes.

La gripe se asocia al aparato respiratorio, especialmente en invierno, y puede causar complicaciones neurológicas. Se evaluó a pacientes pediátricos con manifestaciones neurológicas graves por gripe desde septiembre de 2018 hasta febrero de 2019 para determinar características clínicas, neuroimagenología, tratamiento y resultados. El objetivo fue evaluar la encefalitis asociada a la gripe y destacar diferentes manifestaciones neurológicas y cambios de neuroimagenología. El estudio incluyó a 13 pacientes. Los síntomas neurológicos ocurrieron tras los síntomas típicos de la gripe. Los cambios de neuroimagenología incluyen alteraciones de señal de la sustancia blanca cortical y subcortical, edema localizado o generalizado y lesiones multifocales simétricas bilaterales en el tálamo y la médula del cerebelo. Las opciones terapéuticas incluyen metilprednisolona en inyección intravenosa, inmunoglobulina intravenosa, plasmaféresis y oseltamivir. Es fundamental considerar la encefalitis asociada a la gripe en pacientes con convulsiones, la encefalopatía con hallazgos radiológicos compatibles, e iniciar el tratamiento lo antes posible.

High levels of metals/metalloids in blood and urine of residents living in the area affected by the dam failing in Barra Longa, District, Brazil: A preliminary human biomonitoring study.

Fundão mining tailings dam in Mariana District has collapsed in 2015 and caused the biggest environmental disaster in Brazil. Barra Longa District had its urban area invaded by toxic sludge and its population was extensively exposed to it. Blood and urine samples were collected from 11 residents, focused on investigating the presence of metals at the end of an exploratory health study in 507 inhabitants in 2016. Results have shown increased levels of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cooper, lead, manganese and nickel, and zinc defficiency in their body, as well as clinical outcomes.

NGS-based typings for 7 HLA loci in two populations from Barra Mansa, RJ, Brazil.

We investigated HLA class I (HLA-A, -B, and -C) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1, -DPA1, and -DPB1) alleles by NGS-based typing among 478 Brazilian individuals from two populations in the Barra Mansa city based on their self-declared skin color (Caucasian, N = 405, AFND-ID: 3729; Black, N = 73, AFND-ID: 3731) to calculate allelic and haplotypic frequencies, plus linkage disequilibrium. No locus deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Both populations shared the most frequent allele on HLA-A, -C, -DPA1, and -DPB1. Genotype and frequency data are available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database.

Daily intake of a bean-fiber fortified bar reduces oxidative stress

as been proposed that the consumption of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) reduces cardiovascular risk, and prevents and controls both chronic and degenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacity of a bean-fiber fortified bar (BFB) versus a commercial bar (CB) in 60 Mexican men and women (18-65 years old), who were randomly distributed in two groups: BFB or CB; individuals consumed a bar a day for one month. Anthropometric data, food intake and blood samples were collected. Glucose tolerance (GTT), lipid profile (PL), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) tests were performed; carbonyls groups in serum oxidized proteins were also measured. GTT and PL were not different between both groups in either the 15 or 30-day follow-up of bar consumption assessments. There were no significant differences in either TBARS or carbonyl concentration between groups; BFB group showed higher levels of serum lipid peroxidation in basal and fifteen days measurements; these levels decreased at the final evaluation: No differences were detected on carbonyl levels between groups. In conclusion, 30 days of fiber bean bar consumption did not alter glucose or PL levels, while, in the BFF group, oxidative stress decreased within 30 days of the consumption of the fortified bar(AU)

Se ha propuesto que el consumo de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) reduce el riesgo cardiovascular, y previene y controla las enfermedades crónicas y degenerativas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la capacidad antioxidante de una barra fortificada con fibra de frijol (BFB) versus una barra comercial (CB) en 60 hombres y mujeres mexicanos (18-65 años de edad), quienes aleatoriamente fueron distribuidos en dos grupos: El grupo BFB y el CB que consumieron la barras fortificada con frijol y la barra comercial, respectivamente, durante un mes. Se recopilaron datos antropométricos, ingesta de alimentos y muestras de sangre. Se realizó prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa (GTT), el perfil de lípidos (PL), la peroxidación de lípidos (TBARS) y la cuantificación de carbonilos en proteínas oxidadas como pruebas de bioquímica sanguínea. GTT y PL no fueron diferentes entre ambos grupos en la evaluación de seguimiento de 15 y 30 días del consumo de la barra. No hubo diferencias significativas en los TBARS o la concentración de carbonilo entre los grupos, el grupo BFB mostró niveles más altos de peroxidación de lípidos en suero en la fase basal y a los quince días del consumo de la barra; curiosamente, estos niveles disminuyeron en la evaluación final. No se detectaron diferencias en los niveles de carbonilo entre los grupos. En conclusión, 30 días de consumo de barras de fibra de frijol no alteraron los niveles de glucosa o PL; mientras que, en el grupo BFB, el estrés oxidativo disminuyó a los 30 días del consumo de la barra fortificada(AU)

Caracterização físico-química de barra de cereal adicionada de chia em grãos (Salvia hispanica L. ) / Physical-chemical characterization of cereal bar added to chia in grains (Salvia hispanica L. )

A chia é uma semente oriunda da América latina, que se tornou promissora para a indústria de alimentos graças às suas excelentes propriedades nutricionais. No presente trabalho objetivou-se efetuar a caracterização físico-química de uma barra de cereal adicionada de chia em grãos. Os resultados foram tratados por análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey com um nível de significância de 5 %. Os teores de cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos e fibras aumentaram (P<0,05) nas formulações BC2 e BC3, com maiores concentrações de chia. A baixa atividade de água, inferior a 0,6, associada às condições de higiene durante o manuseio experimental do produto demonstraram que é seguro produzir barras de cereais com substituição de chia em até 20 % de sua composição total, e com agregação de valor nutricional.

Violencia, psicología de masas y barras de fútbol / Violence, psychology of masses and soccer bars / Violência, psicologia de massas e barras de futebol

Resumen En esta investigación documental se retoman los planteamientos de Le Bon, McDougall y Freud sobre la violencia en las masas, para realizar una comparación entre el concepto de masa psicológica (de la Psicología Social y el Psicoanálisis) y la noción de barra de fútbol, a partir de la descripción y análisis de conductas violentas en las barras de fútbol y fenómenos psíquicos y comportamentales, como: la identificación, la sugestión, el contagio, la imitación, entre otros. Utilizando un diseño metodológico cualitativo y técnicas como la revisión documental (recolección) y la triangulación (análisis) de datos, se muestra que algunas conductas violentas en las barras de fútbol pueden estar influidas por los fenómenos de las masas antes indicados, los cuales pueden ser abordados desde enfoques psicopedagógicos, no solo represivos, para reducir los efectos nocivos derivados de la violencia.

Abstract In this documentary research return to the approaches of Le Bon, McDougall and Freud about the violence in the masses, set out to make a comparison between the concept of mass psychological (from the Social Psychology and the Psychoanalysis) and the notion of football bar, describes and examines violent behaviors in some bars of soccer and psychosocial phenomena characteristic of the masses, such as identification, suggestion, contagion and imitation, among others. Qualitative methodological design, use of techniques such as participant observation (pickup) and the triangulation (analysis) of data, shows that some violent behaviors in football bars may be influenced by the phenomena of the masses, which can be regulated from psycho-pedagogical approaches, to reduce the harmful effects of violence.

Resumo Nesta pesquisa documental se retomam os postulados de Le Bon, McDougall e Freud sobre a violencia de massas, para realizar uma comparação entre o conceito de massa psicológica (da Psicologia Social e da Psicanálise) e a noção de barras de futebol, a partir da descrição e análise de condutas violentas nas barras de futebol e fenômenos psíquicos e comportamentais, como: a identificação, a sugestão, o contágio, a imitação, entre outros. Utilizando uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa e técnicas como a revisão documental (coleta) e a triangulação (análise) de dados, mostra-se que algumas condutas violentas nas barras de futebol podem ser influenciadas pelos fenômenos de massas indicados, os quais podem ser abordados a partir de abordagens psicopedagógicas, não só repressivas, para reduzir os efeitos nocivos derivados da violência.

De las rivalidades a la violencia del fútbol en Colombia / From the rivalries to the violence of the football in Colombia / Das rivalidades à violência do futebol na Colômbia

Resumen El fútbol es un deporte multitudinario y tiene en sus hinchas uno de sus principales soportes. Ellos se han reunido de diferentes formas y las barras bravas son los Grupos Organizados de Hinchas (GOH) más destacados en Colombia pues lograron visibilizarse a través de conductas violentas. El propósito del artículo es mostrar que la identificación de los hinchas con un equipo permite constituir, por medio de la competencia deportiva, las rivalidades y, además, la radicalidad de las barras bravas las transformó en enfrentamientos (verbales y físicos), denominados entre sus miembros como combate. Los hinchas que participen serán reconocidos por manifestar su aguante. Este tipo de expresiones se pueden comprender como manifestaciones violentas en el contexto del fútbol.

Abstract Football is a massive sport on which supporters' clubs are one of its keystone pillars. Supporters' groups have different shapes, between them "Barras bravas" are the most notorious because they stood out with his 'festive behaviour' and violent attitudes. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the fan empathize with the Football club allows to develop - using the sport competition - the Football rivalry and, besides, the live of the "Barras bravas" turned this rivalry in verbal and physical confrontation named, between them, as "combate" (kind of competition). Those who participate on "combates" are recognized because they showed his "aguante" (kind of resistance). This kind of expressions can be understood as violent attitudes in the Football life.

Resumo O futebol é um esporte de massa onde os seus torcedores resultam ser um pilar importante. Eles se agrupam de maneiras diferentes, desses grupos surgem as torcidas organizadas, desse jeito conseguiram ser reconhecidos por seu jeito, por seu comportamento festeiro e comportamento violento. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como o torcedor por meio de um time pode chegar a apresentar uma rivalidade, confrontos entre seus membros como o "combate". Aqueles que participarem serão reconhecidos por demonstrar sua "aguante" (a resistência). Tais expressões podem ser entendidas como manifestações violentas no contexto do futebol.

Overdentures ­ parâmetros para um planejamento reabilitador em maxilas edentadas ­ relato de caso / Overdentures ­ parameters for a rehabilitation planning in dental maxila ­ case report

A reabilitação oral é um verdadeiro desafio para o cirurgião dentista, que visa devolver ao paciente função e estética, levando em conta os princípios biológicos, funcionais, biomecânicos e estéticos, atendendo às necessidades do paciente. O presente trabalho relata o caso de alteração de dimensão vertical, perda de suporte labial e óssea anterior/posterior em maxila, o que dificulta a instalação de implantes dentários. Foi realizado enxerto ósseo posterior com a instalação de 4 implantes, possibilitando a execução da prótese do tipo overdenture. Este tipo de prótese necessita de sistemas de encaixe para exercer retenção em uma prótese destacável, sendo selecionado para este caso o sistema barra-clip e O'Rings, oferecendo um resultado com estabilidade e retentividade, devolvendo função e suporte labial adequado (AU).

The oral rehabilitation is a real challenge for the dentist surgeon, that aims give back to the pacient function and esthetic, considering the biological, operational, biomechanic, and esthetics principles, considering the needs of the patient. The present work reports the case of vertical dimension alteration, loss of bone, and lip support previous/posterior in maxilla, what difficults the installation of dental implants. It was conducted posterior bone graft with 4 implants installation, providing the prosthesis execution of overdenture type's. This kind of prosthesis needs a fitting system to exercise the retention in a detachable prosthesis, being selected for this case the hader bar system and O'Rings, offering a result with stability and retentivity, giving back function and appropriate lip support (AU).

A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal basins in the Atlantic Rainforest of eastern Brazil, with phylogenetic and phylogeographic insights into the Characidium alipioi species group

A new species of Characidium from southeastern Brazil is described based on morphological and molecular evidence from specimens collected between the rio Jucuruçu and rio Doce basins. The new species belongs to a group of species within Characidium with an unscaled area in the isthmus and is distinguished from these species, except C. alipioi, C. fasciatum, C. hasemani, and C. kamakan, by the greater distance (greater than 10% SL) and presence of 5-7 scales between the anus and the anal fin, and presence of 14 series of scales around the caudal peduncle. The species is distinguished from C. alipioi by having 4 series of scales above the lateral line (vs. 5 series) and greater distance between the anus and the anal fin; from C. fasciatum and C. kamakan, by the smaller body depth at the dorsal-fin origin, at the anal-fin origin, and at the caudal peduncle; from C. hasemani, by the short distances between the tip of the snout and the pelvic fin, the tip of the snout and the anal fin, and the tip of the snout and the tip of anal fin. The new species forms a presumably monophyletic group with C. alipioi and C. kamakan.(AU)

Uma nova espécie de Characidium do sudeste do Brasil é descrita com base em evidências morfológicas e moleculares provenientes de exemplares coletados entre as bacias dos rios Jucuruçu e Doce. A nova espécie pertence a um grupo de espécies de Characidium com área desprovida de escamas no ístmo e difere dessas espécies, exceto C. alipioi, C. fasciatum, C. hasemani e C. kamakan, pela grande distância (maior que 10% do comprimento padrão, CP) e presença de 5-7 escamas entre o ânus e a nadadeira anal, e pela presença de 14 séries de escamas em torno do pedúnculo caudal. A espécie difere de C. alipioi pela presença de 4 séries de escamas acima da linha lateral (vs. 5 séries) e maior distância entre o ânus e a nadadeira anal; de C. fasciatum e C. kamakan, pela menor altura do corpo na origem da nadadeira dorsal, na origem da nadadeira anal, e no pedúnculo caudal; de C. hasemani, pela menor distância entre a ponta do focinho e a nadadeira pélvica, a ponta do focinho e a nadadeira anal, e a ponta do focinho e a ponta da nadadeira anal. A nova espécie forma um grupo presumidamente monofilético com C. alipioi e C. kamakan.(AU)

Sobredentadura retida por sistema barra-clipe: revisão de literatura / Overdenture retained by bar-clip system: literature review

Introdução: as overdentures são próteses totais removíveis, mucoimplanto-suportadas, estabilizadas por elementos instalados sobre raízes residuais e/ou sobre implantes. Uma variedade de sistemas de encaixe tem sido utilizada para suportar as sobredentaduras, dentre os quais os sistemas barra-clipe, bolas, magnetos e coroas telescópicas. Objetivo: avaliar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as sobredentaduras retidas por sistema barra-clipe, expondo um correto planejamento, bem como descrevendo protocolos de confecção de tais aparelhos. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados do Centro Latino-americano e do Caribe de Informações em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medline, Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO), na biblioteca virtual (SCIELO), e no acervo de livros da Universidade de Passo Fundo/RS (UPF). Revisão de literatura: o sistema barra-clipe consiste de uma barra plástica para fundição (ou já em metal) e de um clipe de retenção. Em algumas situações, o sistema de encaixes por barra-clipe é mais indicado do que os demais sistemas, apresentando, todavia, limitações em determinados cenários clínicos. O sistema barra-clipe permite considerável retenção e estabilidade, resultando num restabelecimento da função mastigatória, maior segurança e grande satisfação do paciente. Considerações finais: a maior parte dos estudos mostrou uma melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal dos pacientes após tratamento com overdenture em comparação com a prótese total removível convencional.

Introduction: overdentures are removable, muco-implantsupported, complete dentures, stabilized by elements installed on residual roots or implants. A variety of docking systems have been used to support overdentures, including bar-clip systems, balls, magnets and telescoping crowns. Objective: to evaluate, through a literature review, the overdentures retained by bar-clip system, exposing a correct planning, as well as describing protocols of making such devices. Methods: a literature review was carried out in the databases of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Medline, Brazilian Dentistry Bibliography (BBO), the virtual library (SCIELO) and the collection of books from the University of Passo Fundo/RS (UPF). Literature Review: the bar-clip system consists of a plastic bar for casting or already metal and a retention clip. In some situations, the clip-on system is more suitable than other systems, although it has limitations in certain clinical scenarios. The bar-clip system allows considerable retention and stability, resulting in a restoration of the masticatory function, greater safety and great patient satisfaction. Final considerations: most of the studies showed an improvement in the quality of life related to the oral health of the patients after treatment with overdenture compared to the conventional total removable prosthesis.

[High oncogenic risk human papillomavirus and urinary bladder cancer].

AIM: To determine the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) of high oncogenic risk in the development of urinary bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 patients (72 men and 28 women) aged 38 to 90 years (mean age 65+/-10 years) diagnosed with bladder cancer were examined and underwent treatment. Clinical assessment was complemented by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the presence of antiviral antibodies to herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), urethra scraping for detecting high oncogenic risk HPV. Tumor tissue was sampled for PCR virus detection. Semi-quantitative analysis was used to evaluate the components of lymphocyte-plasmocyte and leukocyte infiltrates and cytopathic changes in tumor tissue. RESULTS: There were positive correlations between cytopathic cell changes (koylocytosis and intranuclear inclusions, as manifestations of HPV) and the level of antiviral antibodies, the presence of viruses in the tumor, as well as with the components of the lymphoid-plasmocyte infiltrate. Negative correlations were found between the presence of papillomatosis and the above changes. CONCLUSION: Human papillomavirus is believed to be a trigger for the initiation of a tumor in young patients with a latent infection (CMV and EBV, HSV, HPV). Cytopathic changes (kylocytosis and intranuclear inclusions) were associated with the activity and morphological features of herpes-viral infections. Their degree varied depending on the stage of the process, but not on the anaplasia degree. Papillomatosis is associated with a more favorable course of the tumor process.

Its2 para la identificación de califóridos (diptera: calliphoridae) de importancia forense en colombia / ITS2 for the Identification of Calliphoridae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of Forensic Importance in Colombia

La entomología forense es una disciplina que utiliza insectos para obtener información útil en la determinación del intervalo postmortem (IPM). Las moscas de la familia Calliphoridae son muy utilizadas en entomología forense, sin embargo, su identificación a nivel de especie puede dificultarse cuando el individuo se encuentra incompleto o en estadio inmaduro. En el presente trabajo, se evaluó el potencial de la región ITS2 del genoma nuclear para la identificación de especies de Calliphoridae en Colombia utilizando tres aproximaciones: comparando distancias genéticas utilizando la metodología de códigos de barra, haciendo una reconstrucción filogenética, y con enzimas de restricción (PCR-RFLPs). Se secuenciaron un total de 520 pb en 44 individuos pertenecientes a 16 especies. Se calcularon los valores de distancia intraespecífica e interespecíficas utilizando el modelo K2P. Los valores de distancia intraespecífica oscilaron entre 0 y 0,252 %, mientras que las distancias interespecíficas fluctuaron entre 3,6 y 18,9 %, evidenciándose que esta técnica puede ser utilizada como código de barras genético en la identificación de especies de la familia Calliphoridae. Tanto en los análisis de Neighbour-Joining como en los análisis bayesianos el 90 % de los géneros presentan una monofilia sustentada en probabilidad posterior de 0,89 a 1. En todos los casos la especie Blepharicnema splendens agrupa con el género Lucilia. Con base en las secuencias obtenidas se utilizó la aplicación NEBCutter para identificar cuatro enzimas de restricción las cuales se probaron en el laboratorio y se comprobó su utilidad para la identificación rápida de especies de Calliphoridae en Colombia.

Forensic entomology is a discipline that uses insects to obtain useful information for the determination of the postmortem interval (PMI). Flies of the family Calliphoridae are extensively used for this purpose, however, the identification of these flies can be difficult when the individual is not an adult or when it is incomplete. In the present work, we tested the utility of the ITS2 region of the nuclear genome for the identification of Calliphoridae species in Colombia using three approaches: comparing genetic distances using the barcoding methodology, with a phylogenetic reconstruction, and with PCR-RFLPs. We sequenced 520 bp in 44 individuals belonging to 16 species of califorids. Intraspecific and interspecific distance values were calculated using the K2P model. The intraspecific distance values ranged between 0 and 0.252 %, while the interspecific distance values ranged between 3.6 and 18.9 %, indicating that this gene can be used as a genetic barcode for the identification of species of the Calliphoridae family. Both the Neighbour-Joining and Bayesian analyses recovered 90 % of the genera as monophyletic, with pp values between 0.89 and 1. Blepharicnema splendens was always recovered within the Lucilia genera. Based on the obtained sequences we used the NEBCutter application to identify four restriction enzymes that cut in a differential way and generated useful patterns for the identification of the species. The enzymes were successfully tested and confirmed the utility of this technique as a fast way to identify species of Calliphoridae in Colombia.

Subjetividade, identidade e geografia: o nascimento da Barra da Tijuca e o cronos fusional (ou a 'morte' da alteridade) / Subjectivity, Identity e geography: the arise of Barra da Tijuca and fusional cronus (or the end of alterity)

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender o processo de constituição da Barra da Tijuca, bairro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Nomeada devido a um acidente geográfico, assim foi reconhecida por séculos, constituindo-se como recorte territorial apenas a partir da década de 1970. Seu desenvolvimento se fortaleceu a partir da década de 1950, como um prolongamento da Zona Sul do Rio de Janeiro. Para racionalizar essa ocupação, foi chamado o mesmo urbanista de Brasília, Lucio Costa, que em nenhum momento menciona a palavra condomínio no Plano-piloto, embora esse tenha sido a forma que se consolidou como moradia no bairro, tornando-se um modelo, associado ao consumo e à idealização, presente tanto no discurso de moradores quanto no estereótipo criado para eles, o do emergente, novo-rico. Parte do preconceito está associada à falta de equipamentos culturais de relevância, falta que a hoje nomeada Cidade das Artes tentou preencher. Esse projeto está de acordo com a mercadização das cidades e do planejamento estratégico e teve início com o prefeito César Maia. Nomeamos a subjetividade existente na vida em condomínio como morte da alteridade, pois decorre fundamentalmente do Ideal do Eu regressivo, dando origem à mimese e ao narcisismo das pequenas diferenças. Interpretamos os mitos gregos de Cronos e de Ulisses, relacionando-os, respectivamente, ao Ideal do Eu regressivo e ao Ideal do Eu maturativo. Ao comentarmos sobre o mito de Babel, trazemos à discussão a função precípua da cidade e do urbano, qual seja, a da individuação. Metodologicamente, utilizamos revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas para a realização dessa tese

This thesis aims to analyse Barra da Tijucas process of constitution, which is a neighbourhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was named after a landform and were recognised as it for centuries, arising as a territorial limit only in the 1970s. Its development strengthened along the 1950s as an extension of Rio de Janeiros South Zone. Lucio Costa, the same urbanist that projected Brasilia, was invited by the government to rationalise its occupation and does not mention the expression town house complex at all on the Plan Lucio Costa, although this is the form that became the model of neighbourhoods occupation. Town house complex is associated to consumption and idealisation, which is shown as much dwellers speech as the stereotype created to them, the nouveau-riche. Part of prejudice is related to the hollowness of existent cultural facilities, which was planned to be fulfilled by Cidade das Artes. This project is in accord to cities marketing and competition and strategic planning that has started in Rio de Janeiro with the former mayor Cesar Maia. We named the subjectivity experienced in town house complexes as the end of alterity because of the regressivity of Ego ideal that corresponds to mimesis and the narcissism of minor differences. We interpret the Greek myths of Cronus and Odysseus relating them, respectively, to regressive Ego ideal and maturational Ego ideal. On the Tower of Babel myth, we bring to discussion the paramount essence of cities and the urban, videlicet, individualisation. Our methodology consists in literature survey revision and a few interviews

Barras pré-fabricadas VF para carga imediata de protocolo provisório / Prefabricated VF bars for provisional protocol immediate loading

A intercorrência de fratura em próteses do tipo protocolo provisório na região de cantiléver tem sido relatada na literatura. Para conferir resistência, impedindo uma possível fratura em toda a sua extensão, o seguinte caso clínico relata a utilização de barras pré-fabricadas idealizadas por Freitas e Viana, em uma prótese provisória do tipo protocolo com carga imediata na mandíbula. A finalidade da utilização das barras, além de conferir resistência, foi apresentar uma alternativa mais econômica em relação às barras distais para reforço do cantiléver, existentes no mercado (Neodent®) e eliminar a etapa laboratorial, proporcionando um tratamento mais rápido e de custo inferior. No caso clínico descrito, após constatação de intensa perda óssea e de mobilidade nos dentes presentes, foi realizada moldagem, confecção de prótese total superior e inferior, exodontias e instalação de cinco implantes Cone Morse (SIN Sistema de Implantes) na mandíbula, minipilares e sutura. A prótese total inferior foi capturada sobre os cilindros de titânio unidos com barras pré-fabricadas Freitas e Viana colocadas na região de cantiléver, entre os cilindros na região anterior e presas com fio 012. A prótese foi desgastada por lingual até ficar na posição correta, observando a oclusão e capturada. A prótese permaneceu sem fraturas até a confecção do protocolo final. A utilização das barras pré-fabricadas Freitas e Viana permitiu rigidez à prótese, reforçando a região de cantiléver e também anterior, proporcionando custo mais baixo, além de agilidade no tratamento (AU).

The intercurrence of fracture in provisional protocol type prosthesis in the cantilever region has been reported in the literature. To confer resistance, preventing a possible fracture in its entire length, the following clinical case reports the use of prefabricated bars designed by Freitas and Viana in a provisional protocol type prosthesis with immediate loading in the jaw. The purpose of the bars use, besides conferring resistance, was to present a cost-effective alternative to the distal bars for cantilever reinforcement existing in the market (Neodent®) and to eliminate the laboratory stage, providing a faster and lower cost treatment. In the clinical case described, after finding severe bone loss and mobility loss in the teeth present, molding was carried out, making full upper and lower prosthesis, tooth extraction, installation of five Cone Morse (SIN Implant System) in the jaw, mini pillars and suturing. The total lower denture was captured on titanium cylinders attached with Freitas' and Viana's prefabricated bars put in the cantilever region between the cylinders in the anterior region and joined with wire 012. The prosthesis was worn out by lingual until the correct position, observing the occlusion and capture. The prosthesis remained without fractures until manufacturing of the final protocol. The use of Freitas' and Viana's prefabricated bars allowed rigidity to the prosthesis, enhancing the cantilever region and also the anterior region, providing lower cost and a prompt treatment (AU).

Uso de dispositivo clínico (barra transpalatina modificada) para fechamento de mordida aberta – relato de caso / Use of clinical device (modified transpalatal bar) for closure of open bite – case report

Um dos problemas que encontramos na especialidade de Ortodontia é a mordida aberta. Dispositivos extraorais são eficientes, entretanto, dependem da colaboração e tolerância do paciente. O controle vertical por meio de dispositivos intraorais representa uma grande ferramenta clínica. O presente trabalho se propõe apresentar as BTPs modificadas de modo a proporcionar a intrusão do segmento posterior maxilar e realizar um efetivo controle vertical, com giro mandibular anti-horário na terapêutica ortodôntica...

One of the problems observed in Orthodontics is the open bite. Extra-oral devices are effective; however they depend on the patient’s compliance and collaboration. Vertical control through intra-oral devices represents a great clinical tool. This paper aims at presenting the modified transpalatal bar to provide the intrusion of maxillary posterior segment and perform an effective vertical control, rotating counterclockwise in the mandibular orthodontic therapy...

Detección de la dirección del movimiento global en estudiantes con trastornos ortográficos / Detection of the global movement direction in students with orthographic disorders

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, desde enero hasta mayo del 2014, a fin de caracterizar la detección de la dirección del movimiento global en alumnos con trastornos ortográficos, para lo cual se empleó el parche de Gabor. Se seleccionaron 2 grupos de estudiantes de 9-11 años; uno con trastornos ortográficos y el otro con buen rendimiento académico, pertenecientes a la Escuela Primaria Nguyen Van Troi de Santiago de Cuba. Los resultados indicaron que los niños del primer grupo no realizaban adecuadas inferencias perceptivas de la dirección del movimiento global. No existieron evidencias de que la ventaja global facilitara la detección de la dirección del movimiento; por tanto, cometieron más errores al determinar la trayectoria del movimiento para orientaciones verticales del enrejado, no así para la ubicación horizontal donde mostraron su mejor desempeño(AU)

A descriptive and prospective study was carried out from January to May, 2014, in order to characterize the detection of the global movement direction in students with orthographic disorders, for which the Gabor patch was used. Two groups of 9-11 years students were selected; one with orthographic disorders and the other one with good academic results, belonging to Nguyen Van Troi Primary School in Santiago de Cuba. The results indicated that children of the first group didn't carry out appropriate perceptive inferences of the global movement direction. There were no evidences that the global advantage facilitated the detection of the movement direction; therefore, they made more mistakes when determining the trajectory of the movement for vertical orientations of the grating, on the contrary for the horizontal location where they showed their best performance(AU)

Detección de la dirección del movimiento global en estudiantes con trastornos ortográficos / Detection of the global movement direction in students with orthographic disorders

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, desde enero hasta mayo del 2014, a fin de caracterizar la detección de la dirección del movimiento global en alumnos con trastornos ortográficos, para lo cual se empleó el parche de Gabor. Se seleccionaron 2 grupos de estudiantes de 9-11 años; uno con trastornos ortográficos y el otro con buen rendimiento académico, pertenecientes a la Escuela Primaria "Nguyen Van Troi" de Santiago de Cuba. Los resultados indicaron que los niños del primer grupo no realizaban adecuadas inferencias perceptivas de la dirección del movimiento global. No existieron evidencias de que la ventaja global facilitara la detección de la dirección del movimiento; por tanto, cometieron más errores al determinar la trayectoria del movimiento para orientaciones verticales del enrejado, no así para la ubicación horizontal donde mostraron su mejor desempeño.

A descriptive and prospective study was carried out from January to May, 2014, in order to characterize the detection of the global movement direction in students with orthographic disorders, for which the Gabor patch was used. Two groups of 9-11 years students were selected; one with orthographic disorders and the other one with good academic results, belonging to "Nguyen Van Troi" Primary School in Santiago de Cuba. The results indicated that children of the first group didn't carry out appropriate perceptive inferences of the global movement direction. There were no evidences that the global advantage facilitated the detection of the movement direction; therefore, they made more mistakes when determining the trajectory of the movement for vertical orientations of the grating, on the contrary for the horizontal location where they showed their best performance.