Solid Carcinoma of the Canine Mammary Gland: a Histological Type or Tumour Cell Arrangement?

Mammary neoplasms are the most frequently diagnosed tumours in female dogs and are classified into various histological types, including solid carcinomas. We proposed a subclassification of solid carcinomas based on morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, and correlated the subtypes with prognostic factors. A total of 135 cases of solid mammary carcinoma were selected from 3,400 canine mammary neoplasms in the archives of the Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Epidemiological and survival data were obtained, and immunolabelling for chromogranin A, pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 14, Ki67 and p63 was performed. Solid carcinomas were classified into six subgroups: malignant adenomyoepithelioma (68/135), carcinoma with solid pattern (22/135), malignant myoepithelioma (16/135), basaloid carcinoma (14/135), neuroendocrine carcinoma (10/135) and solid papillary carcinoma (5/135). Shorter survival time was associated with the presence of lymphatic invasion (P = 0.009) in the initial clinical staging (I-III). When considering all clinical stages (I-V), vascular invasion (P <0.001) and the presence of regional metastasis (P = 0.004) were important prognostic factors. Basaloid carcinoma and solid papillary carcinoma did not reach the median survival time for early-stage cases, and malignant myoepithelioma had the highest median survival in advanced stages. Carcinoma with a solid pattern was associated with a higher number of regional metastases. Distinguishing the various histological and immunophenotypic subtypes that exhibit a solid arrangement, using histological and immunohistochemical criteria, is essential for understanding the behaviour of these neoplasms and for the selection of more appropriate and specific therapies.

Two-year disease remission of an unresectable basaloid thymic carcinoma with second line chemotherapy drugs: report of a case.

Thymic carcinomas are extremely infrequent neoplasms (15% of all thymic epithelial tumors). Basaloid carcinoma is a peculiar tumor that represents no more than 2% of those infrequent thymic carcinomas. Surgical excision is the recommended treatment. As it's extremely rare, there is no evidence of the impact of different modalities of treatment. There are no reported cases that did not include surgery as part of their management. We herein present a case of an unresectable thymic basaloid carcinoma treated only with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy that obtained a complete remission and free of disease after 2 years.

First description of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland: case report / Primeira descrição do carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina: relato de caso

The objective of this case report was to describe histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the first reported basaloid carcinomas in the canine mammary gland. Two bitches were treated for tumors in the mammary gland and underwent mastectomy. Microscopic evaluation of these tumors revealed epithelial cells arranged in a predominantly solid pattern with hyperchromatic peripheral cells arranged in a palisade pattern. Metastases in regional lymph nodes were found in both animals, and one bitch exhibited pulmonary metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive labeling for the basal cell markers cytokeratin 14 and p63. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings led to diagnoses of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland with regional and distant metastasis.(AU)

O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever as características histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas do primeiro relato de carcinoma basaloide na glândula mamária canina. Duas cadelas foram atendidas com tumores na glândula mamária e foram submetidas à mastectomia. A avaliação microscópica demonstrou células epiteliais arranjadas em um padrão predominantemente sólido, com células periféricas hipercromáticas, dispostas em paliçada. As duas apresentaram metástase em linfonodos regionais e uma delas metástase pulmonar. A imuno-histoquímica revelou marcação positiva para citoqueratina 14 e p63, marcadores de células basais. Achados histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos levaram ao diagnóstico de carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina com metástase regional e a distância.(AU)

First description of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland: case report / Primeira descrição do carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina: relato de caso

The objective of this case report was to describe histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the first reported basaloid carcinomas in the canine mammary gland. Two bitches were treated for tumors in the mammary gland and underwent mastectomy. Microscopic evaluation of these tumors revealed epithelial cells arranged in a predominantly solid pattern with hyperchromatic peripheral cells arranged in a palisade pattern. Metastases in regional lymph nodes were found in both animals, and one bitch exhibited pulmonary metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive labeling for the basal cell markers cytokeratin 14 and p63. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings led to diagnoses of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland with regional and distant metastasis.(AU)

O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever as características histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas do primeiro relato de carcinoma basaloide na glândula mamária canina. Duas cadelas foram atendidas com tumores na glândula mamária e foram submetidas à mastectomia. A avaliação microscópica demonstrou células epiteliais arranjadas em um padrão predominantemente sólido, com células periféricas hipercromáticas, dispostas em paliçada. As duas apresentaram metástase em linfonodos regionais e uma delas metástase pulmonar. A imuno-histoquímica revelou marcação positiva para citoqueratina 14 e p63, marcadores de células basais. Achados histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos levaram ao diagnóstico de carcinoma basaloide da glândula mamária canina com metástase regional e a distância.(AU)

The variable morphological spectrum of penile basaloid carcinomas: differential diagnosis, prognostic factors and outcome report in 27 cases classified as classic and mixed variants

Background: Basaloid carcinomas of the penis, HPV-related tumors, are morphologically less homogenous than originally thought. The study objective was to evaluate the prognostic influence of the basaloid pattern in mixed tumors. Methods: We studied 154 Mexican patients from the Hospital de Oncología, CMN, Mexico City (2000­2013) and found 27 with basaloid features in at least 20% of the sections classified as classic basaloid (8 cases), warty-basaloid (7), papillary-basaloid (5) and usual-basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (7). We evaluated patients' age, site and size of tumor, histological classification, grade, thickness, anatomical level, vascular and perineural invasion, prognostic index score and node involvement. Penile intraepithelial neoplasia in adjacent epithelia was documented. Follow up ranged from 12­78 months. Statistical methods were Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The cutoff for statistical significance was p <0.05. Results: There were not clinical differences. Microscopically types were distinctive and easy to separate. Usual-basaloid squamous cell carcinomas were smaller, thinner and rarely invaded corpora cavernosa, with a low prognostic index score. Classic basaloid, warty-basaloid and papillary-basaloid carcinomas had higher rates of vascular and perineural invasion and higher prognostic index scores. These findings correlated with the rate of nodal metastasis. The majority of patients with classic and papillary-basaloid neoplasms died from systemic metastasis (87.5 and 80%) whereas only 1 patient with usual-basaloid carcinoma died of the disease (14%). Conclusions: Basaloid carcinomas are not a single entity but a spectrum of variable histological architectures mixed with those of classic basaloid tumors. Identification of mature squamous cells in a basaloid carcinoma may be important to recognize and report because patients with these tumors may carry a better prognosis (AU)