Navigating pathways to automated personality prediction: a comparative study of small and medium language models.

Introduction: Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and widely available social media data have made it possible to predict human personalities in various computational applications. In this context, pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained recognition for their exceptional performance in NLP benchmarks. However, these models require substantial computational resources, escalating their carbon and water footprint. Consequently, a shift toward more computationally efficient smaller models is observed. Methods: This study compares a small model ALBERT (11.8M parameters) with a larger model, RoBERTa (125M parameters) in predicting big five personality traits. It utilizes the PANDORA dataset comprising Reddit comments, processing them on a Tesla P100-PCIE-16GB GPU. The study customized both models to support multi-output regression and added two linear layers for fine-grained regression analysis. Results: Results are evaluated on Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), considering the computational resources consumed during training. While ALBERT consumed lower levels of system memory with lower heat emission, it took higher computation time compared to RoBERTa. The study produced comparable levels of MSE, RMSE, and training loss reduction. Discussion: This highlights the influence of training data quality on the model's performance, outweighing the significance of model size. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.

A Cross-Sectional Study Investigating Associations between Personality Traits, Glycemic Control, and BMI in Persons with Diabetes: Lolland-Falster Health Study, Denmark.

There is a growing focus on person-centered care, emphasizing the importance of respecting inter-individual differences and implementing individualized treatment initiatives. Prior research has established an association between personality traits, body mass index, and health-related behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of personality trait assessments in identifying individuals at risk of glycemic dysregulation and increasing BMI. This cross-sectional study used a dataset comprising 140 participants with diabetes who completed the Big Five personality trait questionnaire from the Lolland-Falster Health Study. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between personality traits, glycemic control, and BMI ≥ 25. No significant associations between personality traits and glycemic control were found. There was a significant association between agreeableness and lower odds of BMI ≥ 25 in the unadjusted analysis (OR 0.54 (0.34-0.86)), which persisted after adjusting for sex, age, and education (OR 0.54 (0.33-0.89)). No significant association between glycemic control and personality traits was observed in this small sample study. However, higher levels of agreeableness were associated with a lower likelihood of having a BMI of ≥25. This preliminary study suggests that integrating personality assessments could help identify individuals at risk of increasing BMI. These findings highlight the potential of using personality traits to guide targeted interventions, offering a direction for future research.

Decoding career success: A personality-based analysis of data science Professional based on ANFIS modeling.

Career selection is one of the most important decisions every person faces in their life. Finding the right career path can be a complicated task, particularly in choosing careers with similarly required proficiencies. One of the critical factors affecting a person's career success is their personality, and taking account of this factor is of paramount importance. This study uses the NEO-FFI questionnaire to find personality patterns of software engineering and data science experts based on the Big Five personality traits: Neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Afterward, an ANFIS (Adaptive Network-Based Inference System) is conducted using the experts' personality data to match the participants of these fields with their corresponding choices. This study demonstrated that data scientists and software engineers score higher in conscientiousness and agreeableness, respectively. Also, data experts have higher scores in all traits overall. In the end, the ANFIS is tested with another similar dataset and the prediction accuracy of the model is measured.

Personality Determinants Related to the Use of Selective and Effective Dietary Supplements by Elite Polish Team Sport Athletes.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this research was to analyse relationships between personality traits and the use of selected dietary supplements among Polish athletes training in team sports. This subject matter has not been explored in prior research. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This research was carried out among a group of 213 athletes (men) in the 18-36 age range, with the implementation of a proprietary validated questionnaire for the use of dietary supplements and the NEO-PI-R inventory (Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory-Revised). Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, assuming the following level of significance: α = 0.05. RESULTS: It was shown that athletes who periodically and regularly consumed isotonic drinks, as well as energy bars and gels, were characterised by a lower level of neuroticism than those who did not consume them. Athletes who periodically took multivitamin preparations were characterised by a lower level of extraversion and openness, and those periodically using multimineral preparations were characterised by a higher level of agreeableness than those who did not use these agents. Athletes not taking creatine were characterised by the lowest level of conscientiousness among the study participants. The use of protein nutrients, probiotics and caffeine was not associated with any personality traits in the athletes. CONCLUSIONS: Further relationships of the Big Five personality traits were demonstrated with the use of effective dietary supplements by athletes; the most unambiguous correlations were described for neuroticism and conscientiousness in such a way that the use of isotonic drinks, as well as energy bars and gels, was connected with a low level of neuroticism, while the use of creatine was connected with high conscientiousness.

Belief in a just world and organisational loyalty: Trust as an underlying mechanism.

This research examined whether employees' personal belief in a just world (BJW) is associated with their organisational loyalty and whether this relationship is statistically mediated by organisational trust. To test these hypotheses, we conducted two studies with employees from China (study 1, N = 314) and Germany (study 2, N = 189). The results from both studies supported the proposed model. In addition, study 2 revealed that the relationship between BJW and organisational loyalty persisted when controlling for global personality traits. These suggest that managers and organisations may increase employees' loyalty by providing an environment that fosters their sense of justice and trust.

COVID-19 and offshore oil and gas workers: The role of personality.

This qualitative study aimed to identify mental health hazards in the offshore oil and gas industry, as well as the role of the personality types of the Five Factor Model (FFM) in coping with these stressors. A focus group with 8 participants and a pilot study with 5 participants were conducted. Results showed that several stressors are currently present for Australian offshore oil and gas employees, in particular COVID-19 and the resulting negative effects on rosters, working hours, job security and time spent away from home. Other stressors revealed by participants were lack of space, working in a high-risk environment, stigma, helicopter travel and pressure to keep up with production. Poor safety behaviours were associated with neuroticism, extraversion and openness, while risk avoidance appear to be associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness. Tolerance to shift work was positively related to extraversion, yet negatively associated to neuroticism. Furthermore, neuroticism showed a negative association with help-seeking and productivity, as well as higher levels of concern relating to COVID-19 and job uncertainty. As personality traits are enduring throughout life, it is vital that employees are managed effectively through workplace interventions so that they are able to cope effectively, particularly during stressful events.

The relationship between frequency of performance and perceived importance of health behaviours.

The relationship between performance of health behaviours and their perceived importance was examined among 250 adults. Frequency of performance and perceived importance of 21 health behaviours, self-assessed health and the Big Five personality traits were measured. As expected, importance and performance were positively correlated. Self-assessed health was more strongly associated with performance than importance, and a model wherein importance affects performance, which in turn affects self-assessed health, was superior to a model wherein performance affects importance. The Big Five significantly explained performance, particularly conscientiousness, and importance explained performance beyond this effect. Consequently, importance perceptions should be considered when developing behavioural interventions.

Exploring the autonomic correlates of personality.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality and resting heart rate variability (HRV) indices. Healthy volunteers (n=106) completed a 240-item Big Five personality inventory, the state/Trait Anxiety inventory, and a ten minute electrocardiographic recording. Time and frequency domain estimates of HRV were derived from the cardiac time series and related to the Big Five dimensions of personality, to personality types extracted from a cluster analysis, and to Trait Anxiety. Frequency domain measures of HRV (HRV-HF, LF/HF) were associated with specific dimensions of personality, but significance was not noted for the time domain measure (STD-RR). Furthermore, distressed personality types exhibited significantly greater autonomic imbalance (LF/HF) than other personality types. However, significance was not noted for the time domain measure (STD-RR). These results can be explained with reference to a contemporary model of neurovisceral integration.

Personalidade: estudo comparativo entre dois instrumentos de avaliação / Personality: comparative study between two assessment instruments

Com o objetivo de verificar convergências entre dois modelos de avaliação da personalidade, a Escala Fatorial de Socialização e o Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade foram aplicados em 71 participantes (43 femininos/28 masculinos) com idades entre 18 e 31 anos (M = 21,11 anos, DP = 4,28), escolaridade correspondente ao Ensino Médio (n = 28) e Ensino Superior (n = 43). Os resultados demonstraram que o fator 1 da Escala Fatorial de Socialização, Amabilidade, correlacionou-se significativamente e de forma positiva com oito necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade (Assistência, Intracepção, Afago, Deferência, Afiliação, Ordem, Persistência e Mudança). Os demais fatores (Pró-Sociabilidade e Confiança) não se relacionaram significativamente com nenhuma das necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade. Diferenças significativas devido ao sexo foram encontradas em relação às necessidades de intracepção, deferência e autonomia no Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade e amabilidade na Escala Fatorial de Socialização, e nenhuma diferença foi encontrada em relação à idade. Estudos que avaliem os demais fatores do Modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade são recomendados, assim como maior amplitude etária da amostra...

With the aim to verify convergence between two models of personality assessment, the Agreeableness Scale and the Factor Personality Inventory were applied in 71 participants (43 female/28 male) aged between 18 and 31 years (M = 21.11 years, SD = 4.28), with high school (n = 28) and university grade (n = 43). The first factor of the Agreeableness Scale, cordiality, correlated significantly and positively with eight needs assessed by Factor Personality Inventory (Assistance, Intraception, Cuddling, Deference, Affiliation, Order, Permanence and Change). Other factors (pro-sociability and trust in people) did not correlate significantly with any of the needs assessed by the Factor Personality Inventory. Significant differences due to gender were found in relation to the needs intraception, deference and autonomy in the Factor Personality Inventory and cordiality in Agreeableness Scale, and in relation to age of participants differences no were found. Studies evaluating the remaining factors of the Big Five Personality Model are recommended, as well as greater age range of the sample...

Personalidade: estudo comparativo entre dois instrumentos de avaliação / Personality: comparative study between two assessment instruments

Com o objetivo de verificar convergências entre dois modelos de avaliação da personalidade, a Escala Fatorial de Socialização e o Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade foram aplicados em 71 participantes (43 femininos/28 masculinos) com idades entre 18 e 31 anos (M = 21,11 anos, DP = 4,28), escolaridade correspondente ao Ensino Médio (n = 28) e Ensino Superior (n = 43). Os resultados demonstraram que o fator 1 da Escala Fatorial de Socialização, Amabilidade, correlacionou-se significativamente e de forma positiva com oito necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade (Assistência, Intracepção, Afago, Deferência, Afiliação, Ordem, Persistência e Mudança). Os demais fatores (Pró-Sociabilidade e Confiança) não se relacionaram significativamente com nenhuma das necessidades avaliadas pelo Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade. Diferenças significativas devido ao sexo foram encontradas em relação às necessidades de intracepção, deferência e autonomia no Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade e amabilidade na Escala Fatorial de Socialização, e nenhuma diferença foi encontrada em relação à idade. Estudos que avaliem os demais fatores do Modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade são recomendados, assim como maior amplitude etária da amostra.(AU)

With the aim to verify convergence between two models of personality assessment, the Agreeableness Scale and the Factor Personality Inventory were applied in 71 participants (43 female/28 male) aged between 18 and 31 years (M = 21.11 years, SD = 4.28), with high school (n = 28) and university grade (n = 43). The first factor of the Agreeableness Scale, cordiality, correlated significantly and positively with eight needs assessed by Factor Personality Inventory (Assistance, Intraception, Cuddling, Deference, Affiliation, Order, Permanence and Change). Other factors (pro-sociability and trust in people) did not correlate significantly with any of the needs assessed by the Factor Personality Inventory. Significant differences due to gender were found in relation to the needs intraception, deference and autonomy in the Factor Personality Inventory and cordiality in Agreeableness Scale, and in relation to age of participants differences no were found. Studies evaluating the remaining factors of the Big Five Personality Model are recommended, as well as greater age range of the sample.(AU)

Meta-analytic guidelines for evaluating single-item reliabilities of personality instruments.

Personality is an important predictor of various outcomes in many social science disciplines. However, when personality traits are not the principal focus of research, for example, in global comparative surveys, it is often not possible to assess them extensively. In this article, we first provide an overview of the advantages and challenges of single-item measures of personality, a rationale for their construction, and a summary of alternative ways of assessing their reliability. Second, using seven diverse samples (Ntotal = 4,263) we develop the SIMP-G, the German adaptation of the Single-Item Measures of Personality, an instrument assessing the Big Five with one item per trait, and evaluate its validity and reliability. Third, we integrate previous research and our data into a first meta-analysis of single-item reliabilities of personality measures, and provide researchers with guidelines and recommendations for the evaluation of single-item reliabilities.

The influence of personality and ability on undergraduate teamwork and team performance.

UNLABELLED: The ability to work effectively on a team is highly valued by employers, and collaboration among students can lead to intrinsic motivation, increased persistence, and greater transferability of skills. Moreover, innovation often arises from multidisciplinary teamwork. The influence of personality and ability on undergraduate teamwork and performance is not comprehensively understood. An investigation was undertaken to explore correlations between team outcomes, personality measures and ability in an undergraduate population. Team outcomes included various self-, peer- and instructor ratings of skills, performance, and experience. Personality measures and ability involved the Five-Factor Model personality traits and GPA. Personality, GPA, and teamwork survey data, as well as instructor evaluations were collected from upper division team project courses in engineering, business, political science, and industrial design at a large public university. Characteristics of a multidisciplinary student team project were briefly examined. Personality, in terms of extraversion scores, was positively correlated with instructors' assessment of team performance in terms of oral and written presentation scores, which is consistent with prior research. Other correlations to instructor-, students' self- and peer-ratings were revealed and merit further study. The findings in this study can be used to understand important influences on successful teamwork, teamwork instruction and intervention and to understand the design of effective curricula in this area moving forward. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-16) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Chemical dependence and personality / Dependência química e personalidade

This study investigated the relationships between chemical dependency and personality structure in a Brazilian sample. Participants were college students (n=35) and patients of a drug recovery center (n= 48). Two personality scales based on the Big-5 Model were used to measure Extraversion and Agreeableness. A semi-structured interview was used to identify events in the patients' life histories that might support specific classifications. Participants' scores were also compared to Brazilian normative samples. The results showed significant differences between clinical and non-clinical groups in Agreeableness, but not in Extraversion. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using scales and interview aspects for predicting group membership. The model showed 92.1 percent general predictive power. Results pointed to the advantage of using both interview and objective techniques to assess individuals with antisocial personality symptoms.(AU)

Este estudo investigou as relações entre dependência química e estrutura da personalidade em uma amostra brasileira. Os participantes eram estudantes universitários (n=35) e clientes de um centro para tratamento de drogadictos (n=48). Duas escalas de personalidade, baseadas no Modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores, foram usadas para avaliar Extroversão e Socialização. Uma entrevista semi-estruturada foi usada para identificar eventos nas histórias de vida dos pacientes que pudessem apoiar classificações específicas. Os escores dos participantes também foram comparados a amostras normativas brasileiras. Os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas em Socialização entre o grupo clínico e o não-clínico, mas não para Extroversão. Análises de regressão foram realizadas com as escalas e dados da entrevista para predizer a que grupo o participante pertencia. O poder preditivo do modelo foi de 92,1 por cento. Os resultados apontam para a vantagem de utilizar entrevistas e técnicas objetivas para avaliar sintomas de personalidade anti-social.(AU)