Variability of exostoses on human jaws during the past six millennia in Northern China / Variabilidad de las exostosis en las mandíbulas humanas durante los últimos seis milenios en el norte de China

SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to survey oral exostoses in human populations that belonged to the same region encompassing five periods over 6000 years, to determine the prevalence and its changing trend over time. A total of 306 human jaws belonging to the modern Xi'an region and four archeological sites, Banpo (6700-5600 years BP), Shaolingyuan (3000 years BP), Shanren (2200 years BP) and Chang'an (1000-1300 years BP), were investigated. The degree of buccal exostosis (BE), torus mandibularis (TM) and torus palatinus (TP) and the TP shape were recorded. The prevalence of BE, TM, and TP in the five groups was 20.8 %-62.5 %, 17.5 %-71.5 %, and 31.7 %-74.2 %, respectively. The differences in the three types of exostoses among the five groups were all statistically significant, but only TM and TP showed a decreasing trend over time. A high and quite diverse prevalence of oral exostoses was found in the five groups of samples. Decreasing trends in relation to time for TM and TP were detected.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue sondear las exostosis orales en poblaciones humanas que pertenecían a la misma región abarcando cinco períodos durante 6000 años, para determinar la prevalencia y su tendencia cambiante a lo largo del tiempo. Un total de 306 mandíbulas humanas pertenecientes a la moderna región de Xi'an y cuatro sitios arqueológicos, Banpo (6700-5600 años AP), Shaolingyuan (3000 años AP), Shanren (2200 años AP) y Chang'an (1000-1300 años AP) BP), fueron investigados. Se registró el grado de exostosis bucal (EO), torus mandibular (TM) y torus palatino (TP) y la forma de TP. La prevalencia de EO, TM y TP en los cinco grupos fue 20,8 % -62,5 %, 17,5 % -71,5 % y 31,7 % -74,2 %, respectivamente. Las diferencias en los tres tipos de exostosis entre los cinco grupos fueron todas estadísticamente significativas, pero solo TM y TP mostraron una tendencia decreciente con el tiempo. Se encontró una prevalencia alta y bastante diversa de exostosis oral en los cinco grupos de muestras. Se detectaron tendencias decrecientes en relación al tiempo para TM y TP.

Esthetic treatment of buccal exostoses: a case report.

Buccal exostoses are benign bony protuberances that may grow over time but rarely result in functional alterations. The diagnosis is established by a combination of medical history and clinical and radiographic features of the affected region. This case report describes the surgical treatment of bilateral bone projections on the buccal surface of the maxilla that represented an undesirable esthetic alteration to the patient. The surgical procedures, which were performed at separate appointments for the left and right sides, involved reflection of full-thickness flaps and careful osteotomy with a carbide spherical drill and a Rhodes chisel. At completion of the procedures, flat buccal bone ridges with a clear esthetic improvement were observed. At the follow-up examination (3 months postsurgery on the left side and 1 month on the right), the presence of stable periodontal tissue-positioned where it was located during the immediately postoperative period-indicated a satisfactory clinical result.