Impact of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus casei Strain IMAU60214 on the Immune Function of Macrophages in Malnourished Children.

Malnutrition is commonly associated with immunological deregulation, increasing the risk of infectious illness and death. The objective of this work was to determine the in vitro effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 on monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from well-nourished healthy children, well-nourished infected children and malnourished infected children, which was evaluated by an oxygen-dependent microbicidal mechanism assay of luminol-increase chemiluminescence and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1ß), IL-6 and IL-10, as well as phagocytosis using zymosan and as its antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS), secretion cytokines (TNFα, IL-1ß, IL-6 and IL-10 levels), phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity increased in all groups after pre-treatment with heat-killed L. casei IMAU60214 at a ratio of 500:1 (bacteria:MDM) over 24 h compared with MDM cells without pre-treatment. The results could indicate that heat-killed L. casei IMAU60214 is a potential candidate for regulating the immune function of macrophages.

Effect of serum from dogs with renal failure on apoptosis and oxidative metabolism of polymorphonuclear / Efeito do soro de cães portadores de insuficiência renal sobre a apoptose e o metabolismo oxidativo dos polimorfonucleares

In recent years, uremic toxins have been widely investigated as an immunosuppressive factor for nephropathic patients. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that, as it was similarly observed in humans, the rate of apoptosis and superoxide production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes are changed in dogs treated with uremic serum. The superoxide production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and apoptotic index of 10 healthy dogs incubated with autologous and homologous serum from healthy and uremic dogs was compared. Thus, there was an effect of partial inhibition of oxidative metabolism in uremia without correlation with the acceleration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes apoptosis in dogs.

Nos últimos anos, as toxinas urêmicas têm sido amplamente investigadas como elemento imunossupressor em pacientes nefropatas. Este trabalho objetivou testar a hipótese de que, à semelhança do que ocorre em humanos, a taxa de apoptose e a produção de superóxido em leucócitos polimorfonucleares de cães tratados com soro urêmico se alteram. Foi comparada a produção de superóxido e o índice apoptótico de leucócitos polimorfonucleares de 10 cães sadios incubados com o soro autólogo e homólogo de indivíduos sadios e urêmicos. Com isso, verificou-se efeito parcial de inibição do metabolismo oxidativo na uremia sem correlação com a aceleração da apoptose dos leucócitos polimorfonucleares de cães.

Effect of serum from dogs with renal failure on apoptosis and oxidative metabolism of polymorphonuclear / Efeito do soro de cães portadores de insuficiência renal sobre a apoptose e o metabolismo oxidativo dos polimorfonucleares

In recent years, uremic toxins have been widely investigated as an immunosuppressive factor for nephropathic patients. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that, as it was similarly observed in humans, the rate of apoptosis and superoxide production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes are changed in dogs treated with uremic serum. The superoxide production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and apoptotic index of 10 healthy dogs incubated with autologous and homologous serum from healthy and uremic dogs was compared. Thus, there was an effect of partial inhibition of oxidative metabolism in uremia without correlation with the acceleration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes apoptosis in dogs.(AU)

Nos últimos anos, as toxinas urêmicas têm sido amplamente investigadas como elemento imunossupressor em pacientes nefropatas. Este trabalho objetivou testar a hipótese de que, à semelhança do que ocorre em humanos, a taxa de apoptose e a produção de superóxido em leucócitos polimorfonucleares de cães tratados com soro urêmico se alteram. Foi comparada a produção de superóxido e o índice apoptótico de leucócitos polimorfonucleares de 10 cães sadios incubados com o soro autólogo e homólogo de indivíduos sadios e urêmicos. Com isso, verificou-se efeito parcial de inibição do metabolismo oxidativo na uremia sem correlação com a aceleração da apoptose dos leucócitos polimorfonucleares de cães.(AU)