RESUMO
By April 2020 public schools throughout the country closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On the brink of these turbulent times, we concluded a larger survey study describing first grade literacy instruction in February 2020. Having documented a year of pre-pandemic literacy instruction, we then reached out to the same participants to report on their experiences teaching first grade during the 2020-2021 academic year impacted by COVID-19. In this exploratory study we surveyed first grade teachers (n = 36) to better understand the context, the amount of time allocated, and the materials and resources used by teachers for and during literacy instruction and how these variables differed before and during the COVID 19 pandemic. Our data indicated teachers had increased responsibility as they had reduced access to collaborative planning (t35 = - 2.092, p = .004, d = - 0.507), and the support of paraprofessionals (t35 = - 2.256, p = .030, d = 0.457). This increase in responsibility was amplified by the challenges of virtual and hybrid instruction, and the changes in instructional formats experienced by teachers. Concurrently, students experienced less instructional time (Z35 = - 3.704, p < .001, r = - 0.437), particularly in the areas of writing, vocabulary, and fluency. The consequences of these tumultuous experiences for teachers and students are likely to be long-lasting and complex to reconcile.
RESUMO
COVID-19 is a major source of fear, stress, and anxiety as well as a major factor impacting the health and wellbeing of people worldwide. The present study builds on the recently developed "Fear of COVID-19 Scale" (Ahorsu et al., In International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8, 2020). The sample comprised of 850 participants, male and female young adults from Russia and Belarus. The majority of survey participants are university students and graduates. Females, students, and others from Russia report higher levels of COVID-19-related fear than those from Belarus. Respondents from Russia and Belarus report less fear than people from Iran who were surveyed earlier. The scale used for the present survey evidenced a good Cronbach's Alpha measure of internal consistency or reliability (0.809). Clearly, further research is needed across locations and over time about the nature and extent of fear caused by COVID 19. Overall, the FCV-19S appears to be a valuable and brief instrument that may provide useful information for intervention and policy purposes to migrate fear and problem behavior linked to infectious disease outbreaks.
RESUMO
Introducción: desde el brote inicial en Wuhan, China a finales de 2019, el SARS-CoV-2 se ha convertido en una pandemia mundial con más de 138 millones de infecciones y más de 3 millones de muertes, lo que repercute gravemente en la salud mental y la economía global. Objetivo: mostrar si hay alguna correlación de la tasa de letalidad por COVID-19 y la vacunación contra el SARS-COV-2 entre el periodo comprendido entre 17 de febrero a 4 de junio de 2021. Metodología: el trabajo de investigación se desarrolló mediante un tipo experimental, la información se obtuvo de la página web del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, de los informes diarios de fallecidos y vacunación contra el COVID-19 entre el periodo comprendido entre 17 de febrero a 4 de junio 2021. Resultados: el p-valor de las pruebas, para las variables tasa de letalidad y vacunación para COVID-19 es de 0,001, es menor a α =0.01, de esta manera se acepta Ha, es decir la prueba de correlación de Pearson nos indica que existe relación entre el número de la tasa de letalidad por COVID-19 y la vacunación contra el SARS-COV-2 en Colombia. Conclusión: se considera de vital importancia establecer la ampliación de la cobertura a un 100% para los grupos de riesgo, la inclusión de estos nuevos grupos objetivos en conjunto con la ampliación de la cobertura de vacunación, lo cual hace necesaria la adquisición de nuevas dosis adicionales para combatir el SARS-COV-2 en Colombia.
Introduction: since the initial outbreak in Wuhan, China in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic accounting for over 138 million deaths, severely impacting mental health and global economy. Objective: to show if there is any correlation between the COVID-19 death rate and SARS-COV-2 vaccination in the February 17 to June 4 2021 period. Methodology: an experimental research design was used. Data was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Social Protection website, including the deaths and COVID-19 vaccination daily report between February 17 and June 4 2021. Results: the p-value obtained in the tests for COVID-19 death rate and vaccination against SARS-COV-2 variables is 0.001, which is less than α =0.01, therefore, the hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, which means the Pearson correlation test indicates there is a relation between COVID-19 death rate and SARS-COV-2 vaccination in Colombia. Conclusion: we consider it essential to achieve 100% coverage of the at-risk groups. The inclusion of this new target groups together with the expansion of vaccination coverage, makes it necessary to acquire new additional doses to combat SARS-COV-2 in Colombia.
