Pseudocapsulorrexis: desdoblamiento idiopático de la cápsula anterior del cristalino / Pseudocapsulorhexis: idiopathic split of the anterior lens capsule

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 81 años que acude para valoración de cirugía de catarata en el ojo derecho. El examen biomicroscópico revela la existencia de una catarata C2N4 (Lens Opacities Classifi cation System, versión III) con una cápsula anterior que en su región central pareciera estar abierta a modo de capsulorrexis, aunque sin trasvase de material lenticular ni signos inflamatorios en cámara anterior Figura 1. Su consistencia y morfología nos hacen pensar en un posible desdoblamiento idiopático de la cristaloides anterior, ya que tanto el reborde pupilar como la gonioscopia son rigurosamente normales. De ahí nuestro título de "pseudocapsulorrexis".

Contracción capsular poscirugía de catarata en paciente con pseudoexfoliación / Capsular contraction after cataract surgery in a patient with pseudoexfoliation

La pseudoexfoliación es una alteración de la matriz extracelular fuertemente asociada a catarata y glaucoma secundario de ángulo abierto. Relacionada con la edad avanzada y más común en mujeres, es una enfermedad sistémica con típicas alteraciones en el ojo que hacen más difícil la cirugía, especialmente la debilidad zonular y la poca dilatación pupilar. Los pacientes con pseudoexfoliación operados de catarata, requieren un seguimiento posoperatorio más cuidadoso para detectar y tratar tempranamente las complicaciones posoperatorias como es la contracción capsular del caso que presentamos y que resolvió con tratamiento de Yag Láser en los bordes de la capsulorrexis(AU)

Pseudoexfoliation is an extracelular matrix alteration closely associated with cataract and secondary open angle glaucoma. Older age-related and more common in women, it is a systemic illness with typical alterations in the eye such as zonular weakness and little pupil dilation, which makes the surgery more difficult. The patients with pseudoexfoliation and caratact surgery require a more careful postoperative follow-up to early detect and to treat the postoperative complications such as the capsular contraction of the case reported in this paper, which was treated with Yag Laser in the capsulorhexis borders(AU)

Contracción capsular poscirugía de catarata en paciente con pseudoexfoliación / Capsular contraction after cataract surgery in a patient with pseudoexfoliation

La pseudoexfoliación es una alteración de la matriz extracelular fuertemente asociada a catarata y glaucoma secundario de ángulo abierto. Relacionada con la edad avanzada y más común en mujeres, es una enfermedad sistémica con típicas alteraciones en el ojo que hacen más difícil la cirugía, especialmente la debilidad zonular y la poca dilatación pupilar. Los pacientes con pseudoexfoliación operados de catarata, requieren un seguimiento posoperatorio más cuidadoso para detectar y tratar tempranamente las complicaciones posoperatorias como es la contracción capsular del caso que presentamos y que resolvió con tratamiento de Yag Láser en los bordes de la capsulorrexis(AU)

Pseudoexfoliation is an extracelular matrix alteration closely associated with cataract and secondary open angle glaucoma. Older age-related and more common in women, it is a systemic illness with typical alterations in the eye such as zonular weakness and little pupil dilation, which makes the surgery more difficult. The patients with pseudoexfoliation and caratact surgery require a more careful postoperative follow-up to early detect and to treat the postoperative complications such as the capsular contraction of the case reported in this paper, which was treated with Yag Laser in the capsulorhexis borders(AU)

[Design and validation of a simulator for training in continuous circular capsulotomy for phacoemulsification]. / Diseño y validación de un simulador para el entrenamiento en la capsulotomía circular continua en la facoemulsificación.

INTRODUCTION: To design and validate a simulator for learning and training in the capsulorhexis technique. METHODS: The system consists of a methacrylate support inclined 15° for the surgeon's hand, an area of commercially available aluminum foil, and another one of similar characteristics, where the student performs the technique through some slots that are previously made in the support. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this simulator, data were collected from 65 ophthalmologists performing the technique during training activities. The ophthalmologists were randomly divided into one group of 30 specialists who start their learning on the eyes of an animal cadaver, and into another of 35 specialists who previously started with this simulator. RESULTS: A simulator is developed for training in the capsulorhexis technique. The students from the simulator group achieved a reduction in the use of cadaver eyes, and a higher efficiency in correct capsulorhexis, unlike the group who started directly on the cadaver eyes. CONCLUSIONS: This simulator is an innovation in training of the capsulorhexis technique as regards simplicity, cost, and reuse, as compared to other virtual simulators with more expensive computer equipment (CE) equipment that are more difficult to transport. It is an important step prior to the use of cadaver parts and experimental animals, decreasing the number of both, and therefore the teaching costs.

New technique to demonstrate corneal magnification using trypan blue in cataract surgery / Nova técnica para demonstrar a magnificação corneana utilizando azul de tripan na cirurgia de catarata

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the corneal magnification using trypan blue in cataract surgery. METHODS: Eight eyes of eight patients undergoing phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implantation were enrolled in this study. After staining the anterior capsule with Trypan Blue 0.1 percent and performing the capsulorhexis, the excised anterior capsule was placed on the corneal surface. By observing and measuring the relationship between the border of the excised anterior capsule and the intracameral capsulorhexis opening, the effect of corneal magnification was clearly demonstrated and calculated by linear method. RESULTS: The average magnification of the cornea was 20.88 percent using linear method with an average area magnification of 47.53 percent. CONCLUSION: The capsulorhexis stained by trypan blue is useful to demonstrate the magnification provided by the cornea helping to design an intended opening size.

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar a magnificação corneana utilizando o azul de tripan na cirurgia de catarata. MÉTODOS: Oito olhos de oito pacientes submetidos à facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular foram envolvidos neste estudo. Após corar a cápsula anterior do cristalino com azul de tripan 0,1 por cento e realizar a capsulotomia circular contínua, a cápsula excisada foi colocada sobre a superfície corneana. Após observar e aferir a relação entre a borda da cápsula anterior excisada e a abertura da cápsula intracameral, o efeito da magnificação corneana foi claramente demonstrada e calculada através do método linear. RESULTADOS: A média estimada da magnificação corneana foi de 20,88 por cento com uma média de magnificação de área de 47,53 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: A capsulorrexis corada pelo azul de tripan é útil na demonstração da magnificação corneana, auxiliando assim na correta confecção do seu tamanho.