Body Mass Index and Dental Caries, a Five-Year Follow-Up Study in Mexican Children.

There are conflicting reports on a possible association between body mass index (BMI) and caries. Given the ongoing worldwide increase in obesity, we undertook a 5-year follow-up study on 201 Mexican schoolchildren to analyse their BMI and dental caries experience. The children's weight and height were recorded, and their BMI was calculated using the WHO tables. Decayed, missing, and filled surfaces in both dentitions (dmf/DMFS) were assessed annually according to WHO criteria by two calibrated researchers (Kappa value 0.92 p < 0.001). The means, standard deviation, an ANOVA, and Student's t-test were calculated to analyse the relationship between the variables. At baseline, the children had an average of 6.5 ± 0.5 years, a BMI of 17.2 ± 3.1 (CI95% 16.8-17.6). Their weight's classifications were 61% normal, 19% obese, 17% overweight, and 3% showed thinness. At the end of the study, their BMI were 20.6 ± 4.4 (CI95% 19.8-21.5), 53% normal, 15% obese, 30% overweight, and 2% thin. The children's dmfs decreased from 5.8 ± 9.2 to 1.8 ± 3.4 and the DMFS increased from 0.07 ± 05 to 1.4 ± 2.3. In this population based on a 5-year follow-up, caries prevalence and incidence were not significantly associated with the BMI. However, schoolchildren with malnutrition had the highest caries indexes.

Correlation Between Dental Caries And Salivary Albumin In Adult Population In Chennai: An In Vivo Study / Correlação entre cárie dentária e albumina salivar na população adulta de Chennai: um estudo in vivo

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between dental caries and levels of salivary albumin in unstimulated saliva of adults between the age group of 18 and 40 years from Chennai with varying caries experience as determined by their Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 60 healthy adult subjects with age group between 18 and 40 years. The healthy subjects without any chronic diseases, gingival or periodontal problems were selected. The patients were divided into four groups according to DMFT status as Group 1, DMFT 0; Group2, DMFT 1 5; Group 3, DMFT 6 10; and Group 4, as DMFT above 10. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from each subjects and the salivary albumin levels were estimated using the bromocresol green method (albumin colorimetric test). The obtained data was statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey`s Honestly Significant Difference test. Results: The mean salivary albumin levels for the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were .086 ± .009 mg/ ml, .083 ±.006 mg/ml, .070 ± .008 mg/ml and .056 ±.009 mg/ml respectively. There was an increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin level. There was a statistically significant difference among the groups except group 1 and 2. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the salivary albumin level and the incidence of dental caries. An increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin levels was seen suggestive of its importance in maintenance of tooth integrity. (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre cárie dentária e níveis de albumina salivar na saliva não estimulada de adultos entre a faixa etária de 18 e 40 anos da população de Chennai com experiência de cárie variável, conforme determinado pelos escores do índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD). Material e Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em 60 indivíduos adultos saudáveis com faixa etária entre 18 e 40 anos. Os indivíduos saudáveis sem doenças crônicas, problemas gengivais ou periodontais foram selecionados. Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com o status CPOD como Grupo 1, CPOD 0; Grupo 2, CPOD 1 5; Grupo 3, CPOD 6 10; e Grupo 4, como CPOD acima de 10. Amostras de saliva não estimuladas foram coletadas de cada indivíduo e os níveis de albumina salivar foram estimados usando o método de bromocresol verde (teste colorimétrico da albumina). Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente usando one way ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Resultados: Os níveis médios de albumina salivar para os grupos 1, 2, 3 e 4 foram de 0,086 ± 0,009 mg / ml, 0,083 ± 0,006 mg / ml, 0,070 ± 0,008 mg / ml e 0,056 ± 0,009. mg / ml, respectivamente. Houve aumento na incidência de cárie com diminuição do nível de albumina salivar. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos exceto grupo 1 e 2. Conclusão: Existe uma relação significativa entre o nível de albumina salivar e a incidência de cárie dentária. Um aumento na incidência de cáries com diminuição nos níveis de albumina salivar foi visto como sugestivo de sua importância na manutenção da integridade dentária.(AU)

Presence of Initial Caries Lesions as a Risk Factor for Caries in Preschool Children: A Cohort Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of initial noncavitated caries lesions on cavitated caries increment in preschool children. A 2-year cohort study was designed to include the participants of a survey on dental caries performed in 2010. Preschool children (12-59 months old) were examined for dental caries and classified as children with no caries lesions, with only initial lesions, with at least 1 moderate caries lesion, and with extensive lesions. Socioeconomic data were also collected. After 2 years, 466 children were re-examined (follow-up rate of 72.9%) only for cavitated lesions. Association between caries incidence at 2 levels of severity and caries experience and other variables was evaluated using hierarchical Poisson regression analysis. The children with moderate and extensive caries lesions at baseline presented a higher risk of presenting both outcomes than the children with no caries lesions. Nevertheless, the children with only initial lesions had a higher risk of developing at least 1 new cavitated carious lesion, but not for a more severe increment in caries. Subgroup analysis stratified by the children's age showed that the influence of the presence of initial caries lesions on cavitated caries increment was only observed in children aged 12-35 months. In conclusion, although the presence of moderate and extensive lesions at baseline is a significant predictor for cavitated caries increment after 2 years in preschool children at all ages, the presence of only initial caries lesions is also associated, but with less severe caries incidence.