[Ceccum leiomyoma: an unusual cause of intestinal occlusion in adults] / Leiomioma de ciego: una causa inusual de oclusión intestinal en adultos.

Introduction: Cecal leiomyoma is a very rare benign tumor of the colon, constituted by a proliferative process of smooth muscle that originates from the muscularis propria or the muscularis of the cecum mucosa. These are often asymptomatic tumors that are found incidentally during screening studies or in the context of some other pathology. In cases with clinical expression, it commonly presents as chronic abdominal pain or a palpable abdominal mass. Infrequently it manifests as complications such as intestinal perforation, intestinal bleeding, or intestinal obstruction that require surgical treatment. Method: We present the case of a 25-year-old woman who came to the Central Guard service of the institution for abdominal colic pain of 48 hours of evolution associated with vomiting and abdominal distention. The videolaparoscopic surgical approach was decided in which an abdominal mass was identified at the level of the ileoceccal valve. Conventional right hemicolectomy with proximal loop ileostomy was performed with good postoperative evolution. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a benign ceccum leiomyoma. Results: The patient resolved her acute abdominal symptoms without complications and was discharged on the 5° postoperative day. Conclusion: The scarcity of studies and bibliography related to this infrequent pathology denotes the need to elaborate new studies of greater scope that offer answers to the questions and controversial aspects that still persist in relation to the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic management of benign cecal tumors of mesenchymal lineage.

Introducción: El leiomioma cecal es un tumor benigno del colon, muy raro, constituido por un proceso proliferativo de músculo liso que se origina a partir de la muscularis propia o la muscularis de la mucosa del ciego. Con frecuencia se trata de tumores asintomáticos que se encuentran de forma incidental durante los estudios de detección o en el contexto de alguna otra patología. En los casos con expresión clínica, comúnmente se presentan con dolor abdominal crónico o masa abdominal palpable. Infrecuentemente debutan con complicaciones como perforación intestinal, sangrado intestinal u obstrucción intestinal que requieren tratamiento quirúrgico.Método: Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 25 años que acude al servicio de Guardia Central de la institución por dolor cólico abdominal de 48 horas de evolución asociado con vómitos y distensión abdominal Se decidió el abordaje quirúrgico videolaparoscópico en el que se identifico una masa abdominal a nivel de la válvula ileoceccal. Se realizó hemicolectomía derecha convencional con Ileostomía en asa proximal con buena evolución post operatoria. El examen histopatológico de la pieza resecada reveló un leiomioma benigno de ciego. Resultados: La paciente resolvió su cuadro abdominal agudo sin complicaciones y fue dada de alta al 5° día post-operatorio. Conclusión: La escasez de estudios y bibliografía relacionados con esta infrecuente patología denota la necesidad de elaborar nuevos estudios de mayor alcance que ofrezcan respuestas a los interrogantes y aspectos controvertidos que aún persisten en relación al manejo clínico, diagnóstico y terapéutico de los tumores cecales benignos de estirpe mesenquimal.

Linfoma no hodgkin primario de ciego. Presentación de un caso / Primarycecum non-hodgkinlymphoma. Presentation of a case / Linfoma não-hodgkin de ceco primário. Apresentação de um caso

RESUMEN Introducción: los linfomas primarios de colon (LPC) son neoplasias poco frecuentes. Por lo general, son linfomas no Hodgkin y se debe descartar que su origen sea ganglionar. El sitio más frecuente de presentación en tubo digestivo es el estómago, seguido del intestino delgado, y en tercer lugar el colon. Los sitios más frecuentes presentados en el colon son el ciego y el recto. Presentación de caso: paciente masculino de 73 años e historia de dolor abdominal intenso en hemiabdomen inferior, diarreas ocasionales, pérdida del apetito y de peso. Luego de realizarse estudios de laboratorio clínico e imagenológicos comienza a manejarse el paciente con el diagnóstico presuntivo de una tumoración del colon derecho. Enel acto quirúrgico se advierte la presencia de un tumor de ciego perforado. Se realiza hemicolectomía derecha con cierre del cabo distal, ileostomía y lavado de la cavidad. El estudio anatomopatológico informó un linfoma no Hodgkin anaplásico de células grandes del ciego. La evolución postoperatoria fue tórpida y fallece en cuadro de shock séptico y fallo múltiple de órganos. Discusión: el linfoma primario del colon es una entidad rara donde para su diagnóstico es imprescindible distinguirlo de una afectación colónica por un linfoma sistémico ya que le pronóstico y tratamiento son muy diferentes. El tipo histológico más común es el difuso de células B grandes. Conclusiones: se relata un caso de linfoma no Hodgkin primario del ciego diagnosticado en el servicio de anatomía patológica del hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" de Bayamo, Granma, Cuba, enfatizándose la importancia del diagnóstico anatomopatológico para descartar una afectación colónica por un linfoma sistémico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: primary colon lymphomas (LPC) are rare neoplasms. They are usually non-Hodgkin lymphomas and it must be ruled out that their origin is lymph node. The most frequent place of presentation in the digestive tract is the stomach, followed by the small intestine, and thirdly, the colon. The most frequent sites presented in the colon are the cecum and rectum. Case presentation: 73-year-old male patient with a history of severe abdominal pain in the lower abdomen, occasional diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight. After performing clinical and imaging laboratory studies, the patient begins to be managed with the presumptive diagnosis of a tumor of the right colon. In the surgical act, the presence of a perforated cecum tumor is noted. Right hemicolectomy is performed with closure of the distal line, ileostomy and lavage of the cavity. The pathology study reported anaplastic large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cecum. The postoperative evolution was torpid and he died in septic shock and multiple organ failure. Discussion: primary lymphoma of the colon is a rare entity where for its diagnosis it is essential to distinguish it from colonic involvement by a systemic lymphoma since the prognosis and treatment are very different. The most common histologic type is diffuse large B-cell. Conclusions: a case of primary cecum non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed in the pathological anatomy service of the "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" hospital in Bayamo, Granma, Cuba is reported, emphasizing the importance of pathological diagnosis to rule out colonic involvement by systemic lymphoma.

RESUMO Introdução: os linfomas primários do cólon (LPC) são neoplasias raras. Eles geralmente são linfomas não-Hodgkin e deve-se excluir que sua origem é linfonodo. O local de apresentação mais frequente no trato digestivo é o estômago, seguido pelo intestino delgado e, em terceiro lugar, o cólon. Os locais mais frequentes apresentados no cólon são o ceco e o reto. Apresentação do caso: paciente do sexo masculino, 73 anos, com história de dor abdominal intensa no abdome inferior, diarréia ocasional, perda de apetite e peso. Após realizar estudos clínicos e laboratoriais de imagem, o paciente começa a ser tratado com o diagnóstico presuntivo de um tumor do cólon direito. No ato cirúrgico, observa-se a presença de um tumor ceco perfurado. A hemicolectomia direita é realizada com fechamento da linha distal, ileostomia e lavagem da cavidade. O estudo de patologia relatou linfoma anaplásico de células grandes não Hodgkin do ceco. A evolução pós-operatória foi torácica e ele morreu em choque séptico e falência de múltiplos órgãos. Discussão: o linfoma primário do cólon é uma entidade rara, onde para o diagnóstico é essencial diferenciá-lo do envolvimento do cólon por um linfoma sistêmico, uma vez que o prognóstico e o tratamento são muito diferentes. O tipo histológico mais comum é a célula B difusa de tamanho grande. Conclusões: relata-se um caso de linfoma ceco primário não-Hodgkin diagnosticado no serviço de anatomia patológica do hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" em Bayamo, Granma, Cuba, enfatizando a importância do diagnóstico patológico para descartar o envolvimento colônico pelo linfoma sistêmico .

Tumor carcinoide del apéndice cecal en mujer adolescente: a propósito de un caso / Carcinoid Tumor of the Caecal Appendix in a Adolescent Woman: in Regards to a Case

Los carcinoides son tumores neuroendocrinos de baja incidencia en la población general. Los tumores carcinoides apendiculares pueden presentarse de manera asintomática, los cuales se descubren en las biopsias de las piezas operatorias de apendicectomías. En otros casos la manifestación habitual de estos tumores es el proceso inflamatorio agudo del apéndice cecal, razón por la cual el diagnóstico definitivo se conoce solo con el informe histopatológico. Se presenta el caso de tumor carcinoide del cuerpo apendicular diagnosticado en una adolescente de 15 años intervenida quirúrgicamente por sospecha de apendicitis aguda. El interés por presentar el caso radica en su aparición poco frecuente en la adolescencia así como su localización en cuerpo o tercio medio del órgano.

Carcinoids are neuro-endocrine tumors of low incidence in the general population. Appendix carcinoid tumors may present asymptomatically, which are discovered in biopsies of the surgical pieces of appendectomies. In other cases the usual manifestation of these tumors is the acute inflammatory process of the caecal appendix, so the concluding diagnosis is only known with the histo-pathological report. A 15 year old case of carcinoid tumor of the appendix body diagnosed in this adolescent who was performed a surgery due to suspicion of acute appendicitis. The interest of this case presentation is related to its infrequent presentation in adolescence so as its location in body or middle third medium of the organ

Skip metastasis to portocaval and retropancreatic space in T2 cecal cancer without regional and principle lymph node involvement

Lymph node metastasis in early colon cancer is relatively low. Furthermore, skip metastasis beyond principle lymph node is very rare. This is a case of early cecal cancer with skip metastasis to portocaval and retropancreatic space, without regional lymph node metastasis. A 69-year-old female diagnosed as cecal adenocarcinoma. The imaging study revealed as early cecal cancer without enlargement of regional lymph node. However, there is enlargement of portocaval lymph node and high fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in positron emission tomography scan image. Right hemicolectomy with extended lymph node dissection was done including retropancreatic, portocaval and hepatoduodenal ligament lymph node. Though whole abdominal cavity exploration was done, there was no evidence of other synchronous cancer. The final pathologic findings revealed the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with invasion of submucosal layer and focally superficial layer of muscularis propria. Two of total 27 lymph nodes were involved by metastastatic adenocarcinoma which were from portocaval and retropancreatic space. The detailed preoperative imaging study could find unexpected lymph node metastasis beyond range of routine lymph node dissection. Even though the preoperative clinical stage is relatively early, the detailed and sufficient evaluation for clinical and imaging findings is important not to ignore skip metastasis.

Pseudotumor inflamatorio de Ciego como causa de abdomen agudo: Presentación de 3 casos / Inflammatory Pseudotumor of Blind as cause of sharp abdomen. Presentation of 3 cases

Se presentan 3 enfermos con tumores en fosa ilíaca derecha con cuadros abdominales mixtos oclusivos y peritoneales, donde se hizo necesario realizar hemicolectomía derecha por tumores que afectaban ciego e íleo terminal, sin hallar rastros de apéndice cecal, y habían sido procesos inflamatorios de la misma causa inicial de la enfermedad presente(AU)

3 patients with tumors on the right iliac fossa with mixed occlusive and peritoneal abdominal pictures, where it was necessary to perform right hemicolectomy due to tumors that affected the cecum and the terminal ileus, without finding signs of cecal appendix. Inflammatory processes of the same initial cause of the disease were also observed(AU)