Validación de constructo de un algoritmo hipnoterapéutico para niños con enuresis nocturna monosintomática

Introducción: La enuresis nocturna es un motivo frecuente de consulta en pediatría, psiquiatría infantil, psicología y medicina familiar, con mayor porcentaje en los niños de 5 años de edad, seguidos por los de 7 y 9, en ese orden. Objetivo: Determinar la validez de constructo del algoritmo hipnoterapéutico para pacientes con enuresis nocturna monosintomática. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación compleja de 97 pacientes, atendidos en la Clínica de Hipnosis Terapéutica de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero del 2021 hasta julio del 2022, la cual estuvo estructurada en 3 etapas metodológicas de validación de constructo para dar continuidad a la etapa IV de la validación de contenido del algoritmo hipnoterapéutico, sobre la base de 2 cuasi-experimentos sin grupo de control y un estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo de control no equivalente de la segunda etapa de dicha investigación. Resultados: El análisis factorial sobre el estudio de componentes principales fue factible, pues los factores 1, 2 y 3 debían mantenerse, lo cual se expresó en el gráfico de sedimentación y en la varianza total explicada, a través de los porcentajes acumulados en los autovalores iniciales y la suma de las saturaciones al cuadrado de la extracción y la rotación con 64,24 %. Conclusiones: La validación de constructo del algoritmo diseñado mostró pertinencia, dada por la idoneidad del análisis factorial y la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett.

Introduction: Bedwetting is a frequent reason to visit pediatric, infant psychiatry, psychology and family medicine services, with more percentage in 5 years children, followed by 7 and 9 years children, in that order. Objective: To determine the construct validity of the hypnotherapeutic algorithm for patients with monosymptomatic bedwetting. Methods: A complex investigation of 97 patients was carried out, who were assisted in the Therapeutic Hypnosis Clinic of the University of Medical Sciences in Santiago de Cuba, from February, 2021, to July, 2022 which was structured in 3 methodological phases of construct validation to continue the phase IV of hypnotherapeutic algorithm content validation, on the base of 2 quasi-experiments without control group and a quasi-experiment with non equivalent control group of the second phase of this investigation. Results: The factorial analysis on the study of main components was possible, because the factors 1, 2 and 3 should stay, which was expressed in the sedimentation graph and in the explained total variance, through the percentages accumulated in the initial auto values and the sum of saturations to the square of extraction and rotation with 64.24%. Conclusions: The construct validation of the designed algorithm showed relevancy, given by the suitability of the factorial analysis and the Bartlett test of spherical form.

Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES): evidências de validade no Brasil / Sex Education Belief Scale (SEBS): evidence of validity in Brazil / Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES): evidencia de validez en Brasil

Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar a adaptação transcultural e produzir evidências de validade de uma escala para medir crenças sobre educação sexual no contexto brasileiro. Participaram desta pesquisa 580 universitários de cursos de licenciaturas, que responderam a um questionário contendo a versão adaptada da escala. Foram realizados procedimentos para adaptação transcultural do instrumento original e uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) do instrumento adaptado. A versão final da Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES), composta por dez itens distribuídos em um único fator com uma capacidade de explicação de variância de 47,9%, apresentou boas evidências de validade e fidedignidade, com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,895 e boa conexão com um instrumento correlato. Os resultados indicam que a ECES consiste em uma boa ferramenta de medida, contextualizada com a realidade brasileira

In view of the debate on sexuality education in schools, this study aim to perform cross-cultural adaptation and produce evidence of the validity of a scale to measure beliefs about sex education in the Brazilian context. A total of 580 university students participated in the study and answered a questionnaire containing the adapted version of the scale. Procedures were performed for cross-cultural adaptation of the original instrument and an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the adapted instrument. The final version of the Sex Education Belief Scale (ECES), consisting of ten items distributed in a single factor with an explanatory capacity of variance of 47.9%, showed good evidence of validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.895 and good connection with a related instrument. The results indicate that the SSEBS consists of a good measurement tool, contextualized with the Brazilian reality

Ante el debate sobre educación sexual en las escuelas, este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una adaptación transcultural y producir evidencia de la validez de una escala para medir las creencias sobre la educación sexual en el contexto brasileño. El estudio incluyó a 580 estudiantes universitarios que respondieron un cuestionario que contenía la versión adaptada de la escala. Se realizaron procedimientos para la adaptación transcultural del instrumento original y una Análisis Factorial Exploratoria (AFE) del instrumento adaptado. La versión final de la Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES), que consta de diez ítems distribuidos en un solo factor con una capacidad explicativa de variación del 47.9%, mostró buena evidencia de validez y confiabilidad, con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.895 y buena conexión con un instrumento correlacionado. Los resultados indican que el ECES consiste en una buena herramienta de medición, contextualizada con la realidad brasileña

Quality of Life in Mexican Older Adults: Factor Structure of the SF-36 Questionnaire.

The evaluation of quality of life may enable researchers to produce information that may improve health care and the quality of older people's lives. This research has two main goals: the first is to assess the psychometric properties of the SF-36 Health Questionnaire (construct validity and internal consistency), and the second, to calculate the factorial invariance of the questionnaire in two random, independent samples (i.e., cross-validation). The total sample consisted of 970 elderly subjects from the cities of Chihuahua and Monterrey, Mexico, with an average age of 71.18 (SD = 7.69). The factor structure of the SF-36 was analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The analyses show an adequate four-factor structure. The four-factor structure (Physical Function, Body Pain, Physical Role and Psychological Health) shows adequate reliability and validity indices. In addition, the results from the CFA analyses for the subsamples provide strong evidence of the stability of the four-factor structure. Future research should consider replicating the present findings in larger samples.

Factor Structure of the AUDIM-M Dimensional Self-Concept Questionnaire in Mexican Adolescents.

Self-concept is one of the most relevant variables in the field of personality, and a negative self-perception can pose a risk to the adolescent's development. The present study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties proposed by Aguirre and collaborators for the dimensional self-concept questionnaire (AUDIM-M). The total sample was 560 adolescents from the city of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, with a mean age of 12.96 ± 0.88 years. The factor structure of the questionnaire was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. The analyses show that a four-factor structure is viable and adequate (GFI 0.964; RMSEA 0.057; CFI 0.950). The four-factor structure (personal self-concept, physical self-concept, social self-concept, and academic self-concept), according to statistical and substantive criteria, shows adequate indicators of reliability and validity adjustment. The model obtained coincides with that proposed by Aguirre et al. Improving adolescents' self-concept undoubtedly contributes to their quality of life, hence the need for valid and reliable instruments for its measurement; this study could be a first approach for future research.

Chilean Version of the Empathy Quotient (EQ) Scale: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties.

We evaluated the psychometric properties of the empathy quotient (EQ) scale translated to Spanish in Chile. We estimated its structural validity, and its construct validity with other convergent measures of empathy and attachment, as well an inversely associated construct such as aggression. We used a general sample of students and community individuals (n = 336). Participants completed the EQ, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Another exclusively community group (n = 102) completed Collins Adult Attachment scale and the EQ. CFA and ESEM analyses confirmed the structural model fit of the data to three previously reported dimensions of the EQ: cognitive empathy (CE), emotional reactivity (ER) and social skills (SS). Sex-differences in emotional reactivity, and the predicted relationships with the convergent measures were observed. The current Chilean version of the EQ resulted in an appropriate multidimensional measurement of empathy. Finally, providing a specific social skills dimension extends the traditional conception of cognitive and affective empathy to the social realm in the Chilean context.

Social Emotional Learning Competencies in Belize Children: Psychometric Validation Through Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling.

In the nation of Belize, and in particular the south side of Belize City, the main metropolitan area of the nation, significant economic disparities have led to child and adolescent exposure to high rates of violent crime, gang activity, unsafe neighborhoods, sexual, and physical violence. Problems associated with poor Social-Emotional Character Development are especially prevalent among boys. Consequently, valid culture-relevant measures are required that identify problematic behavior for policy-based intervention and evaluation of educational programs designed to ameliorate this problem. The present study demonstrates the application of Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling to existing measures through the investigation of structural validity and generalizability of the Social-Emotional and Character Development Scale with a large sample of children from schools in Belize (N = 1,877, Ages 10-13). Exploratory structural equation modeling results demonstrate the original factor correlations were reduced, providing less biased estimates than confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Moreover, a multi-group Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling analysis illuminates significant differences between latent factor scores of males and females for most factors. Using this newer factor analytic procedure, original factors are reconceptualized to better situate the Social Emotional Character Development Scales into the larger body of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) competencies literature.

Brazilian Version of the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) for Young Adolescents.

The present study developed a Brazilian adaptation of the BAS for young adolescents, testing its factor structure by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), concurrent and criterion validity, and its internal consistency. Participants were 347 adolescents (171 male and 176 female, aged between 10 and 13 years old). Three psychologists experts in psychological evaluation and three teachers of Portuguese of elementary school also participated for the adaptation stage of the items in order to be properly understood by the sample age group. There were few changes from the version culturally adapted for the Brazilian adult population. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were satisfactory for the general population and both sexes (.804; female =.851; male =.752). The one-factor model of the BAS was confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis with good indicators for the measurements of adjustment to the model, χ2 = 77.9; GFI = 0.967; NFI = 0.940, CFI = 0.979; TLI = 0.968; RMSEA;.038). The convergent validity analyzes revealed significant correlations between BAS scores and BMI (r = -.230; p < .001) and between the first and body image satisfaction (r = .309; p < .001). The BAS version for Brazilian young adolescents had adequate levels of validity and reliability, keeping the one-dimensional structure which indicates its use in Brazilian adolescent's samples.

Evidências de validade da escala “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R" / Validity evidence of the “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R” scale / Evidencias de validez de la escala “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R"

Objetivou-se buscar evidências de validade de conteúdo e de construto da escala Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R. Para a validação de conteúdo, foram feitas: tradução, retrotradução, equivalência semântica, análise do instrumento por profissionais da área e avaliação por amostra da população alvo; para validação de construto foi realizada análise fatorial exploratória e cálculo do alfa de Cronbach das partes I (experiências de vitimização escolar) e II (sintomas decorrentes da vitimização) do instrumento. O estudo piloto com 46 estudantes universitários e as demais etapas da validação de conteúdo possibilitaram alterações no instrumento que, posteriormente, foi aplicado a 691 estudantes. Foram obtidos 4 fatores na parte I e 10 na II (61 itens no total) e os alfas de Cronbach das duas subescalas foram aceitáveis. Os resultados do estudo apontam para a viabilidade da utilização do instrumento no contexto brasileiro, no entanto ainda são necessários estudos de validação externa...

This study’s goal was to investigate content and construct validity evidence of the Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R scale. In terms of content validity the following procedures were conducted: translation, back-translation, semantic equivalence, instrument analysis by area experts and a sample assessment of target population; for construct validity exploratory factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach's alpha of instrument’s part I (school victimization experiences) and II (victimization symptoms) were conduct. A pilot with 46 university students, and other content validity steps enabled changes in the instrument which was subsequently applied to 691 students. Four factors were obtained in part I, and ten in part II (total: 61 items), and the two subscales Cronbach's alphas were acceptable. The results indicate the instrument’s feasibility to the Brazilian context, although additional studies on external validity are needed...

Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez de contenido y de constructo de la escala Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R. Para la validación de contenido se realizaron: traducción, traducción inversa, equivalencia semántica, análisis del instrumento por los profesionales y evaluación por la muestra de la población objetivo; y para la validación de constructo se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio y el cálculo del alfa de Cronbach de las Partes I (experiencias de victimización escolar) y II (síntomas de victimización) del instrumento. Participaron 46 universitarios y otras medidas de validación de contenido produjeron cambios en el instrumento que fue aplicado posteriormente a 691 estudiantes. Fueron obtenidos cuatro factores en la parte I y diez en la parte II (61 en total) y los alfas de Cronbach de las subescalas fueron aceptables. Los resultados obtenidos indican la viabilidad de utilización del instrumento en el contexto brasileño, sin embargo se necesitan más estudios de validación externa...

Evidências de validade da escala “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R" / Validity evidence of the “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R” scale / Evidencias de validez de la escala “Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R"

Objetivou-se buscar evidências de validade de conteúdo e de construto da escala Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R. Para a validação de conteúdo, foram feitas: tradução, retrotradução, equivalência semântica, análise do instrumento por profissionais da área e avaliação por amostra da população alvo; para validação de construto foi realizada análise fatorial exploratória e cálculo do alfa de Cronbach das partes I (experiências de vitimização escolar) e II (sintomas decorrentes da vitimização) do instrumento. O estudo piloto com 46 estudantes universitários e as demais etapas da validação de conteúdo possibilitaram alterações no instrumento que, posteriormente, foi aplicado a 691 estudantes. Foram obtidos 4 fatores na parte I e 10 na II (61 itens no total) e os alfas de Cronbach das duas subescalas foram aceitáveis. Os resultados do estudo apontam para a viabilidade da utilização do instrumento no contexto brasileiro, no entanto ainda são necessários estudos de validação externa.(AU)

This study’s goal was to investigate content and construct validity evidence of the Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R scale. In terms of content validity the following procedures were conducted: translation, back-translation, semantic equivalence, instrument analysis by area experts and a sample assessment of target population; for construct validity exploratory factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach's alpha of instrument’s part I (school victimization experiences) and II (victimization symptoms) were conduct. A pilot with 46 university students, and other content validity steps enabled changes in the instrument which was subsequently applied to 691 students. Four factors were obtained in part I, and ten in part II (total: 61 items), and the two subscales Cronbach's alphas were acceptable. The results indicate the instrument’s feasibility to the Brazilian context, although additional studies on external validity are needed.(AU)

Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez de contenido y de constructo de la escala Student Alienation and Trauma Survey – R. Para la validación de contenido se realizaron: traducción, traducción inversa, equivalencia semántica, análisis del instrumento por los profesionales y evaluación por la muestra de la población objetivo; y para la validación de constructo se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio y el cálculo del alfa de Cronbach de las Partes I (experiencias de victimización escolar) y II (síntomas de victimización) del instrumento. Participaron 46 universitarios y otras medidas de validación de contenido produjeron cambios en el instrumento que fue aplicado posteriormente a 691 estudiantes. Fueron obtenidos cuatro factores en la parte I y diez en la parte II (61 en total) y los alfas de Cronbach de las subescalas fueron aceptables. Los resultados obtenidos indican la viabilidad de utilización del instrumento en el contexto brasileño, sin embargo se necesitan más estudios de validación externa.(AU)

Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Condiciones de Trabajo (qCT) en una muestra multiocupacional venezolana / Psychometric properties of the Questionnaire of Working Conditions (qCT) in a Multi-occupational Venezuelan Sample

En el presente estudio se determinó la validez de constructo y las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Condiciones de Trabajo (qCT), de Blanch, Sahagún y Cervantes (2010), en una muestra multiocupacional venezolana, que evalúa los componentes psicosociales del entorno laboral que afectan salud y rendimiento, siguiendo el método de dos pasos de Anderson y Gerbing (1988) y Boomsma (2000). Se determinaron tres modelos factoriales posibles (paso 1); se depuraron estadísticamente hasta obtener un modelo final (paso 2), que coincidió con el modelo teórico original. Adicionalmente se verificó la validez de criterio convergente del qCT con un indicador de bienestar psicológico general, encontrando que el modelo con mayor correlación con este indicador coincide con aquel de mejor ajuste obtenido en el paso 2. Se sugiere la estandarización de ítems, mediante la reducción de amplitud de respuesta en la escala Likert y el cálculo del puntaje en los factores por medio del método ponderado.

This research work aimed to establish the number of factor models underlying the Working Conditions Questionnaire (Blanch, Sahagún and Cervantes, 2010) that assesses the psychosocial components of the environment at work place. Its methodological justification is focused on the accuracy of the instrument, to clarify psychosocial aspects of work that affect employees' health and performance; as well as to determine the psychometric properties of the instrument in the country. The 2-phase method of Anderson , Gerbing and Boomsma was used to solve the error of factorial indeterminacy Exploratory Factor Analysis, and evaluate level adjustment models. Finally, two factor models were determined viable, the theoretical model obtained the highest number of indicators in the confirmatory stage setting and a good relation with the psychological well-being indicator. It is suggested items standardization, calculating weighted score obtained from confirmed factors, and reducing the scale response.