Biological parameters of Spodoptera cosmioides Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cotton varieties / Parâmetros biológicos de Spodoptera cosmioides Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em variedades de algodoeiro

Spodoptera cosmioides Walker is a polyphagous insecticide-resistant species found in various regions of Brazil. Despite occurring at low densities, it is considered a potential pest of cotton, soybean, and bean crops in the Brazilian cerrado. This work investigated the comparative biology of S. cosmioides in the commercial transgenic cotton NuOPAL (Bollgard I, Evento 531) and the conventional isoline variety DeltaOPAL. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions (26 ± 1°C; relative humidity: 70 ± 10%; photoperiod: 12h), using newly-hatched and individualized larvae. We evaluated the duration and viability of immature stages, duration of the biological cycle, pupal weight, sex ratio, percentage of deformed adults and of adults trapped in the pupal case, adult longevity, fecundity, and egg viability. The biological parameters observed showed no significant differences between the two varieties studied, which enabled high consumption, high assimilation, high fecundity, and viability for S. cosmioides.(AU)

Spodoptera cosmioides Walker é uma espécie polífaga, resistente a inseticidas em várias regiões do país e, apesar de ocorrer em baixas densidades, é considerada uma praga potencial para as culturas de algodão, soja e feijão no cerrado. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a biologia comparada de S. cosmioides sobre o cultivar transgênico comercial de algodoeiro NuOPAL (Bollgard I, Evento 531) e sobre o cultivar isolinha convencional DeltaOPAL. O experimento foi desenvolvido em condições de laboratório (26 ± 1°C; UR: 70 ± 10%; fotofase: 12h) a partir de lagartas recém-eclodidas e individualizadas. Foram avaliados a duração e a viabilidade das fases imaturas, a duração do ciclo biológico, o peso de pupas, a razão sexual, a porcentagem de deformação de adultos e de adultos não liberados dos invólucros pupais, a longevidade de adultos, a fecundidade e viabilidade de ovos. Os parâmetros biológicos observados não diferiram significativamente em relação às duas cultivares, que proporcionaram alto consumo, alta assimilação, alta fecundidade e viabilidade à S. cosmioides.(AU)

Development of Transgenic CryIA(c) + GNA Cotton Plants via Pollen-Tube Pathway Method Confers Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera and Aphis gossypii Glover.

Elite cotton cultivar Sumian16 was transformed with p7RPSBK-mGNA-NPTII containing Bt (CryIA(c)), Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) resistance genes, and selectable marker NptII gene via the pollen-tube pathway method, and two fertile transgenic Bt + GNA plants were obtained in the present study. The integration and expression of the Bt and GNA genes were confirmed by molecular biology techniques and insect bioassays. Insect bioassays showed that the transformed plants were highly toxic to bollworm larvae as well as obviously retarding development of aphid populations. PCR analyses and identification of resistance to kanamycin and bollworm showed that the resistance to bollworm for the two transgenic plants was dominantly inherited in a Mendelian manner and the two resistance genes and selectable marker co-segregated from primary transformed parents to the first self-fertilized progeny plants.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with an insecticidal protein gene: optimisation of different factors.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in chickpea was developed using strain LBA4404 carrying nptII, uidA and cryIAc genes and transformants selected on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with benzyladenine, kinetin and kanamycin. Integration of transgenes was demonstrated using polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization of T0 plants. The expression of CryIAc delta endotoxin and GUS enzyme was shown by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and histochemical assay respectively. The transgenic plants (T0) showed more tolerance to infection by Helicoverpa armigera compared to control plants. Various factors such as explant source, cultivar type, different preculture treatment period of explants, co-cultivation period, acetosyringone supplementation, Agrobacterium harboring different plasmids, vacuum infiltration and sonication treatment were tested to study the influence on transformation frequency. The results indicated that use of epicotyl as explant, cultivar ICCC37, Agrobacterium harboring plasmid pHS102 as vector, preculture of explant for 48 h, co-cultivation period of 2 days at 25°C and vacuum infiltration for 15 min produced the best transformation results. Sonication treatment of explants with Agrobacteria for 80 s was found to increase the frequency of transformation.

Enhanced resistance of transgenic tetraploid Isatis indigotica by Bt and CpTI to moths / 中草药

Objective Two insect resistance genes Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) crystal protein gene CryIA(c) and cowpea trypsin inhibitor gene CpTI were introduced into tetraploid Isatis indigotica to enhance the resistance to moths.Methods I.indigotica was transformed with a plasmid,pGBI121S4ABC,containing CryIA(c) Bt and CpTI and the selectable gene(Npt-Ⅱ) driven by the CaMV35S promoter via Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 mediated transformation.Then PCR and Southern blotting assay were conducted followed by moth bioassay test.Results Co-transgenic rate of the two genes in tetraploid I.indigotica was 16.67%.The integration and expression of introduced genes in T0 regenerated transgenic plants were confirmed by Southern blotting assays.Insect bioassay test demonstrated transgenic lines had significant inhibition to moths,compared with wild type control.Conclusion Co-transformation of Bt and CpTI genes is an effective strategy to enhance the resistance to moths for tetraploid I.indigotica.