Bilateral testicular myxosarcoma in a cryptorchid dog.

Myxosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of soft tissues originating from fibroblasts. This report describes a case of bilateral myxosarcoma in a three-year-old cryptorchid dog. The animal was referred to the veterinary clinic because of the absence of testicles in the scrotum. Ultrasonography revealed two masses in the abdominal cavity with testicular echotexture. Exploratory laparotomy revealed the presence of cryptorchid testicles, and orchiectomy was recommended to treat the animal. Testicles were gray and reddish in color and enlarged with firm consistency. For histopathological analysis, testis fragments were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the following primary antibodies:1A4, HHF35, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, CD31, S-100, vimentin, and Ki-67. Histopathological evaluation revealed the proliferation of fusiform and round cells associated with extensive areas of myxoid matrix. Neoplasms featured multinucleated giant cells, pleomorphism, karyomegaly, nuclear hyperchromasia, anisokaryosis, mitoses, and necrosis, with coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical analysis of vimentin- and the Alcian blue-positive cells confirmed the diagnosis of myxosarcoma. A high mitotic count and Ki-67 proliferative index suggests this myxosarcoma had a high degree of malignancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of bilateral testicular myxosarcoma in a cryptorchid animal.

Distribution of extracellular matrix related proteins in normal and cryptorchid ziwuling black goat testes.

The Ziwuling black goat is an indigenously in China, their offspring are frequently affected by congenital cryptorchidism. The extracellular matrix (ECM) contains cytokines and growth factors that regulate the development of the testis, and component changes often result in pathological changes. Cryptorchidism is closely related to structural changes in ECM. In this study, the histochemical staining, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence and Western blot combined with semi-quantitative analysis was used to describe the distribution of the important ECM components Collagen type IV (Col IV), laminin (LN)and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the normal and cryptorchid testes of Ziwuling black goats. Results showed that: The histochemical staining showed that the dysplasia of seminiferous tubules and decreased number of Sertoli cells in cryptorchidism, as well as sparse collagen fiber. Meanwhile, the distribution of reticular fibers is relatively rich. Furthermore, the PAS and AB staining in the interstitial vessels and lamina propria of seminiferous tubules is weak. The immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence revealed that Col IV, LN was strongly expressed in Leydig, Sertoli cells of normal testes and moderately positive in the spermatogonia and spermatids, but HSPG was not expressed in the spermatogonia. However, cryptorchidism, the expression of Col IV, LN and HPSG in Leydig, Sertoli cells significantly decreased, as well as the expression of Col IV and LN in capillary endothelial cells, but HSPG was moderately expressed in spermatogonia. Based on these data, the underdevelopment of spermatogenic epithelium, decreased synthesis function of collagen fibers and Leydig cells develop usually in the cryptorchidism were shown to be closely related to the abnormal metabolism of Col IV and LN. The positive expressed of HSPG in the spermatogonia of cryptorchid testes is related to the compensatory development of spermatogonia.

Distribution of extracellular matrix related proteins in normal and cryptorchid ziwuling black goat testes

The Ziwuling black goat is an indigenously in China, their offspring are frequently affected by congenital cryptorchidism. The extracellular matrix (ECM) contains cytokines and growth factors that regulate the development of the testis, and component changes often result in pathological changes. Cryptorchidism is closely related to structural changes in ECM. In this study, the histochemical staining, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence and Western blot combined with semi-quantitative analysis was used to describe the distribution of the important ECM components Collagen type IV (Col IV), laminin (LN)and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the normal and cryptorchid testes of Ziwuling black goats. Results showed that: The histochemical staining showed that the dysplasia of seminiferous tubules and decreased number of Sertoli cells in cryptorchidism, as well as sparse collagen fiber. Meanwhile, the distribution of reticular fibers is relatively rich. Furthermore, the PAS and AB staining in the interstitial vessels and lamina propria of seminiferous tubules is weak. The immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence revealed that Col IV, LN was strongly expressed in Leydig, Sertoli cells of normal testes and moderately positive in the spermatogonia and spermatids, but HSPG was not expressed in the spermatogonia. However, cryptorchidism, the expression of Col IV, LN and HPSG in Leydig, Sertoli cells significantly decreased, as well as the expression of Col IV and LN in capillary endothelial cells, but HSPG was moderately expressed in spermatogonia. Based on these data, the underdevelopment of spermatogenic epithelium, decreased synthesis function of collagen fibers and Leydig cells develop usually in the cryptorchidism were shown to be closely related to the abnormal metabolism of Col IV and LN. The positive expressed of HSPG in the spermatogonia of cryptorchid testes is related to the compensatory development of spermatogonia.(AU)

Sertolioma em cão associado a criptorquidismo: relato de caso / Sertolioma in dog associated with cryptoquidism: report case

O sertolioma é uma neoplasia reprodutiva, comum em cães idosos e criptorquidas. As apresentações clínicas compreendem aumento escrotal ou inguinal, alterações abdominais e hiperestrogenismo, sendo o tratamento recomendado a orquiectomia. O presente trabalho relata um caso de sertolioma associado a criptorquidismo bilateral em um cão, tratado cirurgicamente e com diagnóstico confirmado pelo exame histopatológico.(AU)

Sertolioma is a reproductive neoplasm, common in older dogs and cryptorchids. Clinical presentations include scrotal or inguinal enlargement, abdominal changes and hyperestrogenism, and the recommended treatment is orchiectomy. Thus, the present paper reports a case of sertolioma associated with bilateral cryptorchidism in a dog, treated surgically and with diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination.(AU)

Sertolioma em cão associado a criptorquidismo: relato de caso / Sertolioma in dog associated with cryptoquidism: report case

O sertolioma é uma neoplasia reprodutiva, comum em cães idosos e criptorquidas. As apresentações clínicas compreendem aumento escrotal ou inguinal, alterações abdominais e hiperestrogenismo, sendo o tratamento recomendado a orquiectomia. O presente trabalho relata um caso de sertolioma associado a criptorquidismo bilateral em um cão, tratado cirurgicamente e com diagnóstico confirmado pelo exame histopatológico.

Sertolioma is a reproductive neoplasm, common in older dogs and cryptorchids. Clinical presentations include scrotal or inguinal enlargement, abdominal changes and hyperestrogenism, and the recommended treatment is orchiectomy. Thus, the present paper reports a case of sertolioma associated with bilateral cryptorchidism in a dog, treated surgically and with diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination.

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.(AU)

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.(AU)

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.

Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone, CDKN1B, connexin 43, androgen receptor and steroidogenic enzymes in the equine cryptorchid testis.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Cryptorchidism affects 2-8% of male horses and the affected testis undergoes a disruption of normal spermatogenesis. The underlying molecular changes are poorly understood in the cryptorchid equine testis. OBJECTIVES: Compare the expression of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), anti-Müllerian hormone receptor (AMHR2), androgen receptor (AR), cyclin kinase inhibitor (CDKN1B), connexin 43 (Cx43), 3ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ(5) -Δ(4) - isomerase (3ßHSD), P450c17 hydroxylase/lyase (P450c17) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) in the undescended testis of cryptorchid stallions with that of normal stallions. METHODS: Undescended, abdominal testes from four cryptorchid stallions between 2 and 3 years of age were collected during routine castrations along with normally descended testes from normal stallions between 2 and 3 years of age (n = 7). Samples were analysed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Cryptorchid testes had increased AMH and AMHR2 immunolabelling when compared with normal testes, which indicates failure of maturation of Sertoli cells and/or lack of testosterone suppression. Failure of Sertoli cell maturation in the cryptorchid testis may also be attributed to AR abnormalities and/or a consequence of lack of testosterone suppression due to decreased 3ßHSD. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKN1B) was not expressed in Sertoli cells of cryptorchid testes suggesting that Sertoli cells are still proliferating, which is also a characteristic of the immature testis. In addition, Cx43 expression is decreased in the cryptorchid testis, indicating a disruption in intercellular communication. CONCLUSIONS: Undescended testes of cryptorchid horses present characteristics of immaturity suggesting that the failure of Sertoli cell maturation may be a consequence of cryptorchidism. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This study provides a better understanding of the effect of cryptorchidism on testicular function in stallions.

Production of meat and characteristics of lamb carcass non-castrated, castrated and induced to cryptorchidism / Produção de carne e caracteristicas da carcaça de cordeiros não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo

The characteristics of lamb meat are influenced by a series of factors, among which the testicular hormone production. In order to estimate the influence on meat characteristics, 24 Suffolk, Ile de France, Santa Inês and Texel crossbred lambs male, in a completely casualised delineation, with three treatments and eight repetitions. All animals were managed in the same way, pasture-raised and fed on native grass, in a Voisin system. The experiment treatments were constituted of non-castrated, castrated and cryptorchid animals. Live weight measurements were recorded at birth, once a month to assess body development and before slaughter. The warm carcass weight at slaughter and the 24 hours post-slaughter weight of the carcass cooled in refrigeration chamber at 5ºC were recorded.  Also, the weights of the variables related to the carcass were obtained. The results were analyzed using GLM Procedure and the means compared by Tukeys test at the 5% significance level. No differences in production were found in the components and in the characteristics of the ovine meat and carcass of non-castrated, castrated and cryptorchid lambs raised on pasture land, fed on native grass and slaughtered young.

As características da carne de cordeiro são influenciadas por uma série de fatores, entre os quais a produção hormonal a nível testicular. Para estimar a influência sobre a produção e as características da carne, foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos cruzas entre as raças Suffolk, Ile de France, Santa Inês e Texel em um delineamento completamente casualizado com três tratamentos e oito repetições. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao mesmo manejo e criados sobre pastagens de campo nativo em um sistema Voisin. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de animais não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo. O peso vivo foi obtido ao nascimento e posteriormente, uma vez por mês para o controle do desenvolvimento corporal, e antes do abate. Após o abate foi tomado o peso da carcaça quente e 24 horas após, o peso da carcaça resfriada em câmara fria a 5ºC. Também foram obtidos os pesos das variáveis relacionadas à carcaça. Os resultados foram analisados através do GLM Procedure e as médias comparadas através do Teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Não houve diferenças na produção, nos componentes e nas características da carne e da carcaça ovina produzidas por cordeiros não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo criados em condições de pastagem nativa e abatidos jovens.

Production of meat and characteristics of lamb carcass non-castrated, castrated and induced to cryptorchidism / Produção de carne e caracteristicas da carcaça de cordeiros não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo

The characteristics of lamb meat are influenced by a series of factors, among which the testicular hormone production. In order to estimate the influence on meat characteristics, 24 Suffolk, Ile de France, Santa Inês and Texel crossbred lambs male, in a completely casualised delineation, with three treatments and eight repetitions. All animals were managed in the same way, pasture-raised and fed on native grass, in a Voisin system. The experiment treatments were constituted of non-castrated, castrated and cryptorchid animals. Live weight measurements were recorded at birth, once a month to assess body development and before slaughter. The warm carcass weight at slaughter and the 24 hours post-slaughter weight of the carcass cooled in refrigeration chamber at 5ºC were recorded.  Also, the weights of the variables related to the carcass were obtained. The results were analyzed using GLM Procedure and the means compared by Tukeys test at the 5% significance level. No differences in production were found in the components and in the characteristics of the ovine meat and carcass of non-castrated, castrated and cryptorchid lambs raised on pasture land, fed on native grass and slaughtered young.   

As características da carne de cordeiro são influenciadas por uma série de fatores, entre os quais a produção hormonal a nível testicular. Para estimar a influência sobre a produção e as características da carne, foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos cruzas entre as raças Suffolk, Ile de France, Santa Inês e Texel em um delineamento completamente casualizado com três tratamentos e oito repetições. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao mesmo manejo e criados sobre pastagens de campo nativo em um sistema Voisin. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de animais não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo. O peso vivo foi obtido ao nascimento e posteriormente, uma vez por mês para o controle do desenvolvimento corporal, e antes do abate. Após o abate foi tomado o peso da carcaça quente e 24 horas após, o peso da carcaça resfriada em câmara fria a 5ºC. Também foram obtidos os pesos das variáveis relacionadas à carcaça. Os resultados foram analisados através do GLM Procedure e as médias comparadas através do Teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Não houve diferenças na produção, nos componentes e nas características da carne e da carcaça ovina produzidas por cordeiros não castrados, castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo criados em condições de pastagem nativa e abatidos jovens.