RESUMO
El Perú ha sido reconocido como uno de los más importantes centros de diversidad del cultivo de maní y de acuerdo a la evidencia arqueológica, pudo haber sido el centro de origen para dicho cultivo. Para incrementar el conocimiento de la diversidad genética del maní en el Perú, se evaluaron 65 accesiones de maní, correspondientes a 21 variedades locales, de las cuencas de los ríos San Alejandro, Ucayali y Aguaytía, de la Región Ucayali. Las accesiones fueron proporcionadas por el proyecto "Modelos de diversidad y de erosión genética en cultivos tradicionales: Asesoría rápida y detección temprana de riesgos usando herramientas SIG", ejecutado en el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. Se utilizó la técnica AFLP para estimar la variabilidad genética del cultivo, así como para identificar áreas con la mayor riqueza genética. Se obtuvo un total de 157 bandas polimórficas (45,6%), a partir de 10 combinaciones de iniciadores AFLP en nuestras 65 entradas de maní. Se consideraron sólo 135 bandas polimórficas, en base a su contenido de información polimórfica (0,1
Peru has been recognized as one of the most important centers of diversity of the peanut crop and according to archaeological evidence, may have been the center of origin for it. Due to poor knowledge of the current levels of genetic diversity of peanut in Peru, they were evaluated 65 peanut accessions, corresponding to 21 local varieties from the basins of the rivers San Alejandro, Ucayali and Aguaytia, in the Ucayali region; kindly provided by the project "Models of diversity and genetic erosion of traditional crops: Rapid advice and early detection of risks using GIS tools", performed at the "Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria". AFLP technique was used to estimate the genetic variability of the crop in the region and to identify areas with the greatest genetic wealth. There were a total of 157 polymorphic bands (45.6%), from 10 AFLP primer combinations in our 65 entries of peanuts. We considered only 135 polymorphic bands, based on their polymorphic information content (0.1
RESUMO
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an oilseed crop of economic importance. It is native to South America, and it is grown extensively in the semi-arid tropics of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Given an extremely narrow genetic base, efforts are being made to develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to provide useful genetic and genomic tools for the peanut research community. A SSR-enriched library to isolate trinucleotide (GGC)n SSRs in peanut was constructed. A total of 143 unique sequences containing (GGC)n repeats were identified. One hundred thirty eight primer pairs were successfully designed at the flanking regions of SSRs. A suitable polymerase was chosen to amplify these GC-rich sequences. Although a low level of polymorphism was observed in cultivated peanut by these new developed SSRs, a high level of transferability to wild species would be beneficial to increasing the number of SSRs in wild species.