RESUMO
Cushuro (Nostoc sphaericum) polysaccharide was used to co-microencapsulate sacha inchi oil, natural antioxidant extracts from the oleoresin of charapita chili peppers (Capsicum frutescens L.) and grape orujo (Vitis vinifera L.). Encapsulation efficiency, moisture, particle size, morphology, oxidative stability, shelf-life, solubility, essential fatty acid profile, sterol content and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The formulations with grape orujo extract showed higher oxidative stability (4908 ± 184 h), antioxidant capacity (4835.33 ± 40.02 µg Trolox/g ms), higher phenolic contents (960.11 ± 53.59 µg AGE/g ms) and a smaller particle size (7.55 µm) than the other formulations, as well as good solubility and a low moisture content. Therefore, grape orujo extracts can be used as natural antioxidants. The fatty acid composition (ω-3) remained quite stable in all the formulations carried out, which also occurred for sterols and tocopherols. In combination with gum arabic, grape orujo extract offered oxidative protection to sacha inchi oil during the first week of storage.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la composición química y actividad antioxidante in vitro del extracto acuoso liofilizado de Nostoc sphaericum (cushuro) de la laguna Cushurococha, Junín. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo; con diseño, descriptivo, observacional, transversal, la muestra biológica fue el extracto acuoso liofilizado de Nostoc sphaericum (cushuro) que se recolectó de la laguna Cushurococha en el departamento de Junín. Se utilizaron los métodos Lowry, Antrona, Folin-Ciocalteu, el ensayo de captación de ABTS+. Resultados: La cantidad, por muestra liofilizada, de proteínas solubles fue de 15.1 mg/g, carbohidratos totales 949ug/g, polifenoles totales 2.98mg EAG/g; así también, el porcentaje de inhibición del radical ABTS+ a una concentración de 0.15mg/mL de muestra liofilizada fue de 52 por ciento, un valor de IC50 entre 10-15 ug/mL y una capacidad antioxidante equivalente a trolox (TEAC-ABTS) igual a 0.384 ugEq. Trolox/ mg extracto de muestra seca. Conclusiones: El extracto acuoso liofilizado de Nostoc sphaericum constituye una buena fuente natural de antioxidantes.
Objective: To determine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of lyophilized aqueous extract of Nostoc sphaericum (cushuro) of Cushurococha, Junín lagoon. Materials and Methods: Quantitative research approach; with design, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, the biological sample was lyophilized aqueous extract of Nostoc sphaericum (cushuro) that was collected from the lagoon Cushurococha in the department of Junín. The method of Lowry, Anthrone, Folin-Cioealteu, assay ABTS+ capture methods were used. Results: The amount, lyophilized sample of soluble proteins was 15.1 mg/g, total carbohydrates 949ug/g, total polyphenols 2.98mg GAE/g; so too, the percentage inhibition of ABTS+ radical at a concentration of 0.15 mg/mL of lyophilized sample was 52 per cent, an IC50 value between 10 to 15 ug/mL and trolox equivalent antioxidant capaeity (TEAC-ABTS) equal to 0.384 ugEq. Trolox/mg dry extract sample. Conclusions: The lyophilized aqueous extract of Nostoc sphaericum is a good natural source of antioxidants.