Ingestive behavior and infrared thermography of Holstein × Zebu crossbreed cows in the final third of gestation in different pastoral environments

This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and body surface temperature of F1 Holstein × Zebu cows that were non-lactating in the final third of gestation and managed in two pastoral environments. Forty F1 Holstein × Zebu cows divided into two pastoral environments were evaluated: signal grass (Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk) deferred at the beginning of regrowth and pasture of xaraés grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés) in vegetative growth in four periods during the day (morning, afternoon, night and dawn), following the completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. Each cow is the experimental unit. The total grazing time was 32.22% higher in the signal grass than xaraés grass (averageof 479.50 minutes). There was an interaction between the pastoral environments and the times of day on the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI). In the pasture of signal grass, the BGHI was 19.07% higher in the morning and afternoon periods than the average (68.95) verified during the night and dawn. F1 Holstein × Zebu cows grazing time in the final third of gestation is influenced by the pasture condition and not by the climate since they feed in a high BGHI environment.(AU)

Ingestive behavior and infrared thermography of Holstein × Zebu crossbreed cows in the final third of gestation in different pastoral environments

This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and body surface temperature of F1 Holstein × Zebu cows that were non-lactating in the final third of gestation and managed in two pastoral environments. Forty F1 Holstein × Zebu cows divided into two pastoral environments were evaluated: signal grass (Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk) deferred at the beginning of regrowth and pasture of xaraés grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés) in vegetative growth in four periods during the day (morning, afternoon, night and dawn), following the completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. Each cow is the experimental unit. The total grazing time was 32.22% higher in the signal grass than xaraés grass (averageof 479.50 minutes). There was an interaction between the pastoral environments and the times of day on the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI). In the pasture of signal grass, the BGHI was 19.07% higher in the morning and afternoon periods than the average (68.95) verified during the night and dawn. F1 Holstein × Zebu cows grazing time in the final third of gestation is influenced by the pasture condition and not by the climate since they feed in a high BGHI environment.

Ingestive behavior and infrared thermography of Holstein × Zebu crossbreed cows in the final third of gestation in different pastoral environments

This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and body surface temperature of F1 Holstein × Zebu cows that were non-lactating in the final third of gestation and managed in two pastoral environments. Forty F1 Holstein × Zebu cows divided into two pastoral environments were evaluated: signal grass (Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk) deferred at the beginning of regrowth and pasture of xaraés grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés) in vegetative growth in four periods during the day (morning, afternoon, night and dawn), following the completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. Each cow is the experimental unit. The total grazing time was 32.22% higher in the signal grass than xaraés grass (averageof 479.50 minutes). There was an interaction between the pastoral environments and the times of day on the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI). In the pasture of signal grass, the BGHI was 19.07% higher in the morning and afternoon periods than the average (68.95) verified during the night and dawn. F1 Holstein × Zebu cows grazing time in the final third of gestation is influenced by the pasture condition and not by the climate since they feed in a high BGHI environment.(AU)

Diferentes suplementos na terminação de bovinos Nelore em pastagem diferida de Brachiaria decumbens no período da seca / Different supplents for finishing of Nellore cattle on deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the dry season

Foi estudado em pastagem diferida de Brachiaria decumbens, o efeito de quatro tipos de suplementos na terminação de bovinos Nelore no período da seca. Utilizaram-se 64 animais da raça Nelore, machos castrados, com idade aproximada de 34 meses e peso corporal (PC) inicial variando de 360 a 380 kg, distribuídos inteiramente ao acaso em quatro tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram quatro formas de suplementação da pastagem: pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + sal proteico energético mineral (SuPEM), considerado controle; pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + milho grão moído (SuMi); pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + polpa cítrica (SuPC); pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + casca de soja (SuCS). A pastagem foi diferida por 170 dias e apresentou 3.482 kg MS/ha de forragem, permitindo 1,56 UA/ha (ingestão de MS de 2,25% do PC e 50% de eficiência de pastejo). Os animais receberam o suplemento ad libitum no tratamento SuPEM e em % PC nos demais tratamentos, de julho a outubro. Os animais foram abatidos com PC mínimo de 457 kg. Foram determinadas as variáveis: peso final (PF), ganho de peso no período (GPP), ganho de peso diário (GPD), peso da carcaça quente (PCQ) e rendimento da carcaça quente (RCQ). Na variável PF, o tipo de suplemento dos tratamentos SuMi, SuPC e SuCS, permitiu maior aporte de nutrientes, e assim apresentaram melhor desempenho (P<0,05) comparados ao tratamento SuPEM (média de 478,68 vs 412,62 kg). Esse mesmo efeito foi observado nos outros parâmetros estudados. Quando foi analisado o GPP e GPD, o tratamento SuCS foi superior (P<0,05) aos tratamentos SuMi e SuPC, em razão do aumento na oferta de concentrado, e o tratamento SuPEM foi inferior aos demais. O PCQ e RCQ foi maior no tratamento SuCS em decorrência do melhor desempenho, com 260,05 kg e 53,92%, respectivamente. A suplementação de bovinos no período da seca...(AU)

This study evaluated the effect of four types of supplement on the finishing of Nellore cattle on deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the dry season. Sixty-four castrated Nellore males with an age of approximately 34 months and initial body weight (BW) ranging from 360 to 380 kg were divided into 16 animals per treatment in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of four types of pasture supplement: deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + energy protein mineral salt (SuEPM) used as control; deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + ground corn grain (SuCo); deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + citrus pulp (SuCPu); deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + soy hull (SuSH). The pasture was deferred for 170 days and provided 3,482 kg DM/ha of forage, permitting a stocking rate of 1.56 AU/ha (DM intake of 2.25% BW and 50% pasture efficiency). The animals received the supplement ad libitum in the SuEPM treatment and as % BW in the other treatments from July to October. The animals were slaughtered at a minimum BW of 457 kg. The following variables were evaluated: final weight, weight gain during the period (WG), average daily gain (ADG), hot carcass weight (HCW), and hot carcass yield (HCY). With respect to final weight, the supplement in the SuCo, SuCPu and SuSH treatments permitted a greater supply of nutrients and the animals therefore exhibited better performance (P<0.05) compared to the SuEPM treatment (mean of 478.68 vs 412.62 kg). The same effect was observed for the other parameters studied. Analysis of WG and ADG showed that SuSH was superior to the SuCo and SuCPu treatments (P<0.05) due to the increased offer of concentrate and SuEPM was inferior to the other treatments. Higher HCW (260.05 kg) and HCY (53.92%) were obtained with treatment SuSH as a result of greater performance. Supplementation of cattle during the dry ...(AU)

Diferentes suplementos na terminação de bovinos Nelore em pastagem diferida de Brachiaria decumbens no período da seca / Different supplents for finishing of Nellore cattle on deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the dry season

Foi estudado em pastagem diferida de Brachiaria decumbens, o efeito de quatro tipos de suplementos na terminação de bovinos Nelore no período da seca. Utilizaram-se 64 animais da raça Nelore, machos castrados, com idade aproximada de 34 meses e peso corporal (PC) inicial variando de 360 a 380 kg, distribuídos inteiramente ao acaso em quatro tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram quatro formas de suplementação da pastagem: pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + sal proteico energético mineral (SuPEM), considerado controle; pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + milho grão moído (SuMi); pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + polpa cítrica (SuPC); pasto diferido de Brachiaria decumbens + ureia + farelo de algodão (28% PB) + casca de soja (SuCS). A pastagem foi diferida por 170 dias e apresentou 3.482 kg MS/ha de forragem, permitindo 1,56 UA/ha (ingestão de MS de 2,25% do PC e 50% de eficiência de pastejo). Os animais receberam o suplemento ad libitum no tratamento SuPEM e em % PC nos demais tratamentos, de julho a outubro. Os animais foram abatidos com PC mínimo de 457 kg. Foram determinadas as variáveis: peso final (PF), ganho de peso no período (GPP), ganho de peso diário (GPD), peso da carcaça quente (PCQ) e rendimento da carcaça quente (RCQ). Na variável PF, o tipo de suplemento dos tratamentos SuMi, SuPC e SuCS, permitiu maior aporte de nutrientes, e assim apresentaram melhor desempenho (P<0,05) comparados ao tratamento SuPEM (média de 478,68 vs 412,62 kg). Esse mesmo efeito foi observado nos outros parâmetros estudados. Quando foi analisado o GPP e GPD, o tratamento SuCS foi superior (P<0,05) aos tratamentos SuMi e SuPC, em razão do aumento na oferta de concentrado, e o tratamento SuPEM foi inferior aos demais. O PCQ e RCQ foi maior no tratamento SuCS em decorrência do melhor desempenho, com 260,05 kg e 53,92%, respectivamente. A suplementação de bovinos no período da seca...

This study evaluated the effect of four types of supplement on the finishing of Nellore cattle on deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the dry season. Sixty-four castrated Nellore males with an age of approximately 34 months and initial body weight (BW) ranging from 360 to 380 kg were divided into 16 animals per treatment in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of four types of pasture supplement: deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + energy protein mineral salt (SuEPM) used as control; deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + ground corn grain (SuCo); deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + citrus pulp (SuCPu); deferred Brachiaria decumbens pasture + urea + cottonseed meal (28% CP) + soy hull (SuSH). The pasture was deferred for 170 days and provided 3,482 kg DM/ha of forage, permitting a stocking rate of 1.56 AU/ha (DM intake of 2.25% BW and 50% pasture efficiency). The animals received the supplement ad libitum in the SuEPM treatment and as % BW in the other treatments from July to October. The animals were slaughtered at a minimum BW of 457 kg. The following variables were evaluated: final weight, weight gain during the period (WG), average daily gain (ADG), hot carcass weight (HCW), and hot carcass yield (HCY). With respect to final weight, the supplement in the SuCo, SuCPu and SuSH treatments permitted a greater supply of nutrients and the animals therefore exhibited better performance (P<0.05) compared to the SuEPM treatment (mean of 478.68 vs 412.62 kg). The same effect was observed for the other parameters studied. Analysis of WG and ADG showed that SuSH was superior to the SuCo and SuCPu treatments (P<0.05) due to the increased offer of concentrate and SuEPM was inferior to the other treatments. Higher HCW (260.05 kg) and HCY (53.92%) were obtained with treatment SuSH as a result of greater performance. Supplementation of cattle during the dry ...