[Conversion disorder, caring for body, mind]. / Le trouble de conversion, prendre soin du corps et de l'esprit.

Conversion disorder is a psychiatric disorder whose clinic and management lie at the crossroads between body and mind. It challenges healthcare professionals in terms of diagnosis, further investigation, referral and care. A number of questions arise, such as how caregivers perceive the relationship between body and mind, the place of the psychiatric hypothesis among the initial diagnostic hypotheses, and the temporality of care.

Reorganizing the History of Present Illness to Improve Verbal Case Presenting and Clinical Diagnostic Reasoning Skills of Medical Students: The All-Inclusive History of Present Illness.

The Institute of Medicine states that most diagnostic errors are caused by flaws in clinician diagnostic thinking. Accurately inferring the correct diagnosis from the patient history is the best way to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Such an improvement is contingent upon training early phase medical learners how to organize data from a patient history to arrive at the most likely diagnosis of the patient's chief health concern (CC). We describe how organizing the traditional history of present illness into what our trainees have come to call the "All-Inclusive History of Present Illness" (AIHPI) by applying the Bayesian statistical concepts of chronologically sequencing, as suggested by Skeff, both relevant historical risks and known medical events generate a series of pre-event probabilities of the most likely disease causing a patient's CC. Our trainees have enthusiastically recognized that the AIHPI organization process helps them improve both their ability to deliver well-organized, succinct verbal case presentations and the efficiency of generating and communicating what they think is the most likely disease causing a patient's CC.

The key role of differential diagnosis in diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis, that is, the creation of a list of suspected diseases, is important as it guides us in looking for these diseases in a patient during diagnosis. If a disease is not included in differential diagnosis, it is not likely to be diagnosed. It is important to include uncommon as well as common diseases in differential diagnosis.

An industry statistician's perspective on PHC drug development.

In the past decade, the cost of drug development has increased significantly. The estimates vary widely but frequently quoted numbers are staggering-it takes 10-15 years and billions of dollars to bring a drug to patients. To a large extent this is due to many long, expensive and ultimately unsuccessful drug trials. While one approach to combat the low yield on investment could be to continue searching for new blockbusters, an alternative method would lead us to focus on testing new targeted treatments that have a strong underlying scientific rationale and are more likely to provide enhanced clinical benefit in population subsets defined by molecular diagnostics. Development of these new treatments, however, cannot follow the usual established path; new strategies and approaches are required for the co-development of novel therapeutics and the diagnostic. In this paper we will review, from the point of view of industry, the approaches to, and challenges of drug development strategies incorporating predictive biomarkers into clinical programs. We will outline the basic concepts behind co-development with predictive biomarkers and summarize the current regulatory paradigm. We will present guiding principles of personalized health care (PHC) development and review the statistical, strategic, regulatory and operational challenges that statisticians regularly encounter on development programs with a PHC component. Some practical recommendations for team statisticians involved in PHC drug development are included. The majority of the examples and recommendations are drawn from oncology but broader concepts apply across all therapeutic areas.

Bases y aplicación del método hipotético-deductivo en el diagnóstico / Rules and implementation of the deductive-hypothetical method in diagnosis

La identificación correcta de los problemas de salud del paciente constituye la base en que descansa la actuación profesional de los médicos y la clave para una atención de calidad. El propósito de este trabajo es describir el método hipotético-deductivo y su utilización en el proceso del diagnóstico, mostrando ejemplos prácticos de casos clínicos que pueden ser similares a los vistos en la atención primaria. Se realizó un trabajo de revisión de artículos nacionales y algunos extranjeros que abordan el diagnóstico médico y la aplicación del método hipotético-deductivo en el proceso del diagnóstico. Los médicos a medida que ganan en conocimientos y experiencias simplifican el proceso del diagnóstico y con pocos datos elaboran sus hipótesis diagnósticas (método hipotético-deductivo), dirigiendo el interrogatorio, el examen físico y las exploraciones complementarias hacia la comprobación o rechazo de los diagnósticos iniciales. Si se rechaza el diagnóstico inicial hay que comenzar de nuevo el proceso. El método hipotético-deductivo es muy eficiente siempre que se aplique correctamente, por un personal experimentado y con las condiciones necesarias. Este método no está exento de errores si se violan sus principios(AU)

ABSTRACT The proper identification of health problems of patient is the basis supporting the professional performance of physicians and the key for a quality care. The purpose of present paper is to describe the deductive-hypothetical method and its use in the diagnostic process, showing practical examples of clinical cases that could be similar to that observed in the primary care. A review work was made of national and foreign papers approaching the medical diagnosis y the implementation of the above mentioned method in the process of diagnosis. The physicians according to a increase in knowledges and experiences may to simplify the process of diagnosis and with a few data they made its diagnostic hypotheses (deductive-hypothetic method), directing the questioning, the physical examination and the complementary screenings towards the verification or the rejection of initial diagnoses. If initial diagnosis is rejected it is necessary to start again the process. The deductive-hypothetical method is very effective whenever it be properly applied by a experimented staff and with the necessary conditions. The method is not extent of errors if its principles are infringed(AU)

Bases y aplicación del método hipotético-deductivo en el diagnóstico / Rules and implementation of the deductive-hypothetical method in diagnosis

La identificación correcta de los problemas de salud del paciente constituye la base en que descansa la actuación profesional de los médicos y la clave para una atención de calidad. El propósito de este trabajo es describir el método hipotético-deductivo y su utilización en el proceso del diagnóstico, mostrando ejemplos prácticos de casos clínicos que pueden ser similares a los vistos en la atención primaria. Se realizó un trabajo de revisión de artículos nacionales y algunos extranjeros que abordan el diagnóstico médico y la aplicación del método hipotético-deductivo en el proceso del diagnóstico. Los médicos a medida que ganan en conocimientos y experiencias simplifican el proceso del diagnóstico y con pocos datos elaboran sus hipótesis diagnósticas (método hipotético-deductivo), dirigiendo el interrogatorio, el examen físico y las exploraciones complementarias hacia la comprobación o rechazo de los diagnósticos iniciales. Si se rechaza el diagnóstico inicial hay que comenzar de nuevo el proceso. El método hipotético-deductivo es muy eficiente siempre que se aplique correctamente, por un personal experimentado y con las condiciones necesarias. Este método no está exento de errores si se violan sus principios

ABSTRACT The proper identification of health problems of patient is the basis supporting the professional performance of physicians and the key for a quality care. The purpose of present paper is to describe the deductive-hypothetical method and its use in the diagnostic process, showing practical examples of clinical cases that could be similar to that observed in the primary care. A review work was made of national and foreign papers approaching the medical diagnosis y the implementation of the above mentioned method in the process of diagnosis. The physicians according to a increase in knowledges and experiences may to simplify the process of diagnosis and with a few data they made its diagnostic hypotheses (deductive-hypothetic method), directing the questioning, the physical examination and the complementary screenings towards the verification or the rejection of initial diagnoses. If initial diagnosis is rejected it is necessary to start again the process. The deductive-hypothetical method is very effective whenever it be properly applied by a experimented staff and with the necessary conditions. The method is not extent of errors if its principles are infringed