Global development and future trends of artificial sweetener research based on bibliometrics.

Artificial sweeteners have sparked a heated debate worldwide due to their ambiguous impacts on public and environmental health and food safety and quality. Many studies on artificial sweeteners have been conducted; however, none scientometric studies exist in the field. This study aimed to elaborate on the knowledge creation and development of the field of artificial sweeteners and predict the frontiers of knowledge based on bibliometrics. In particular, this study combined VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix to visualize the mapping of knowledge production, covered 2389 relevant scientific publications (1945-2022), and systematically analyzed articles and reviews (n = 2101). Scientific publications on artificial sweeteners have been growing at an annual rate of 6.28% and globally attracting 7979 contributors. Susan J. Brown with total publications (TP) of 17, average citation per article (AC) of 36.59, and Hirsch (h)-index of 12 and Robert F. Margolskee (TP = 12; AC = 2046; h-index = 11) were the most influential scholars. This field was clustered into four groups: eco-environment and toxicology, physicochemical mechanisms, public health and risks, and nutrition metabolism. The publications about environmental issues, in particular, "surface water," were most intensive during the last five years (2018-2022). Artificial sweeteners are gaining importance in the monitoring and assessment of environmental and public health. Results of the dual-map overlay showed that the future research frontiers tilt toward molecular biology, immunology, veterinary and animal sciences, and medicine. Findings of this study are conducive to identifying knowledge gaps and future research directions for scholars.

Application of Leicester assessment package in discipline construction of general practice / 中华全科医师杂志

The contents of general practice discipline construction comprise of orientation, team development, personnel training, scientific research, teaching base establishment and management of the discipline, etc. At present, the weakness in above aspects of general practice discipline construction is still the major challenges in most of the primary healthcare institutions. Our experiences in last 10 years shows that the application of Leicester Assessment Package can effectively promote the general practice discipline development for primary care institutions.

The only way for the development of organ transplantation in China — Systematization of organ transplantation disciplines, specialization of organ donation and disciplinarization of OPO construction / 中华器官移植杂志

The problems that China's organ transplantation development facing are the disciplinary construction of Organ Procurement Organization (OPO), the cost of organ donation and financial management, and the construction of organ transplantation technology system under the "Chinese model". As long as we stick to the development path of specialization of organ donation, disciplinarization of OPO construction and systematization of organ transplantation, we will definitely be able to create Chinese technology, Chinese standards, Chinese team and Chinese system with Chinese characteristics and advancement.

[Originality and innovation of disciplinary development of traditional Chinese medicine].

Adhering to Chinese culture and philosophy, the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) should be cooperative and open. TCM should learn from the achievements of ancient and modern scientific and technological civilization in human history and promote cultural exchange. TCM advocates unity, harmony, and interaction, and keeps going in a new information and digital era with Big Science and Extensive Health. The disciplinary development of TCM should embrace inheritance and innovation, and explore the scientific research and transformation of clinical experience. The dual attributes of science and humanity of TCM should be followed. In terms of education, "reading classics, acquiring clinical experience, and consulting experienced tutors" cannot be ignored. Underpinned by Xiang-thinking, TCM development should highlight the originality and learn from the failures of excessive westernization in the past with an inclusive attitude to forge through disciplines to the leading position.

Originality and innovation of disciplinary development of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Adhering to Chinese culture and philosophy, the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) should be cooperative and open. TCM should learn from the achievements of ancient and modern scientific and technological civilization in human history and promote cultural exchange. TCM advocates unity, harmony, and interaction, and keeps going in a new information and digital era with Big Science and Extensive Health. The disciplinary development of TCM should embrace inheritance and innovation, and explore the scientific research and transformation of clinical experience. The dual attributes of science and humanity of TCM should be followed. In terms of education, "reading classics, acquiring clinical experience, and consulting experienced tutors" cannot be ignored. Underpinned by Xiang-thinking, TCM development should highlight the originality and learn from the failures of excessive westernization in the past with an inclusive attitude to forge through disciplines to the leading position.

Exploration of standardized development of pulmonary and critical care medicine discipline / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To summarize the achievements in standardized development of pulmonary and critical care medicine discipline, for references of developing respiratory discipline at secondary and tertiary hospitals.Methods:Questionnaire survey was used to understand the input and technical promotion of the secondary and tertiary medical institutions in the standardized construction.Results:The secondary and tertiary medical institutions invested 1.116 billion yuan to carry out standardized development of the discipline, recruiting 1 164 doctors, 2 535 nurses and 334 technicians. In terms of key medical technologies, 58 tertiary medical institutions and 45 secondary medical institutions meet the basic standards of " guidance on medical service capacity of respiratory discipline(2018 edition)" after carrying out standardized development.Conclusions:The discipline of pulmonary and critical care medicine should continue to strengthen its input in the development of respiratory and critical medical integration, with standardized development projects as the breakthrough. Evaluation should be carried out persistently so as to promote the development, for the purpose of improving the prevention and treatment capability of pulmonary and critical care medicine.

Practice of collaborative development model of pediatrics′s medical practice, education and research at Beijing municipal hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

Collaborative development among medical practice, education and research is a strategic decision of the country in disciplinary development guided by the innovation-driven strategy. In October 2017, Beijing Hospitals Authority organized 18 tertiary hospitals with pediatrics discipline and founded a collaborative development center for pediatrics. This center operated in a model featuring both leadership of due authorities and autonomous administration. Two of the specialized pediatrics hospitals work as leading units, and existing high quality pediatrics resources of the member hospitals were pooled to establish an academics committee and an executive committee. A development system was established with disciplinary construction as the focus, collaborative development as the goal and horizontal collaboration as the means. It was designed to explore a new model featuring overall planning and standardized management of the discipline, building of a shared platform for clinical capacity development, joint development of continued medical education and talent cultivation, as well as diversified and multi-centered research and platform resources sharing. This model can effectively promote the overall development level of pediatrics in Beijing municipal hospitals.

[The most uncommon 60 years of Burn Institute of Southwest Hospital].

The author has witnessed the past 60 years of Burn Institute of Southwest Hospital after her establishment. This article reviews the past, discusses the present, and expects the future.

The most uncommon 60 years of Burn Institute of Southwest Hospital / 中华烧伤杂志

The author has witnessed the past 60 years of Burn Institute of Southwest Hospital after her establishment. This article reviews the past, discusses the present, and expects the future.

Discussions on the development of biomechanics based on applications and grants of NSFC / 医用生物力学

Biomechanics, one important sub-discipline of mechanics, is an interdisciplinary subject involved in mechanics, biology and medical science, and it is closely associated with life health and clinic medicine. In this paper, applications and grants of normal projects and youth science foundation projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) on biomechanics from year 2012 to 2016 are introduced. Research directions and research teams of biomechanics are mainly discussed, and some suggestions are given for the development of biomechanics in China.

Demarcation of the ethics of care as a discipline: discussion article.

This article aims to initiate a discussion on the demarcation of the ethics of care. This discussion is necessary because the ethics of care evolves by making use of insights from varying disciplines. As this involves the risk of contamination of the care ethical discipline, the challenge for care ethical scholars is to ensure to retain a distinct care ethical perspective. This may be supported by an open and critical debate on the criteria and boundaries of the ethics of care. As a contribution, this article proposes a tentative outline of the care ethical discipline. What is characteristic of this outline is the emphasis on relational programming, situation-specific and context-bound judgments, a political-ethical perspective, and empirical groundedness. It is argued that the ethics of care is best developed further by means of an intradisciplinary approach. Two intradisciplinary examples show how within the frame of one discipline, other disciplines are absorbed, both with their body of knowledge and their research methodology.

Discussions on building clinical subjects in university affiliated hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

The paper analyzed the experiences of clinical subjects development at hospitals of Capital Medical University.On this basis,the authors raised such development suggestions as further improvement of the management systems,progressive affiliation mechanism,information platform,and better performance appraisal mechanism,for the purposes of empowering the standard and strength of clinical subjects of the hospitals.