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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) ; 65(2): 108-111, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28964504

RESUMO

Epilepsy surgery is a well-established treatment for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The success of surgery depends on precise presurgical localisation of the epileptogenic zone. There are different techniques to determine its location and extension. Despite the improvements in non-invasive diagnostic tests, in patients for whom these tests are inconclusive, invasive techniques such intraoperative electrocorticography will be needed. Intraoperative electrocorticography is used to guide surgical resection of the epileptogenic lesion and to verify that the resection has been completed. However, it can be affected by some of the anaesthetic drugs used by the anaesthesiologist. Our objective with this case is to review which drugs can be used in epilepsy surgery with intraoperative electrocorticography.


Assuntos
Anestesia Geral/métodos , Anestésicos/farmacologia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/cirurgia , Eletrocorticografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Epilepsias Parciais/cirurgia , Monitorização Neurofisiológica Intraoperatória , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos , Tonsila do Cerebelo/cirurgia , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Ondas Encefálicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Dexmedetomidina/farmacologia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/tratamento farmacológico , Eletrocorticografia/métodos , Epilepsias Parciais/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Fentanila/farmacologia , Hipocampo/patologia , Hipocampo/cirurgia , Humanos , Monitorização Neurofisiológica Intraoperatória/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Propofol/farmacologia , Remifentanil/farmacologia , Rocurônio/farmacologia
2.
Rev cuba neurol neurocir ; 7(1)ene.-dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-76221

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de los tumores cerebrales con otras lesiones en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía de epilepsia en el Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica (CIREN La Habana,Cuba), así como el impacto en la evolución clínica posterior a la resección guiada por electrocorticografía (ECoG).Métodos: De los 47 pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente operados en el CIREN, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de aquellos con diagnóstico confirmado de tumor cerebral. Se efectuaron resecciones guiadas por ECoG y el diagnóstico histopatológico se realizó según la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Para el diagnóstico microscópico de displasia cortical focal se utilizó el sistemapropuesto por la Liga Internacional contra la Epilepsia. La escala de Engel modificada fue aplicada para el seguimiento postquirúrgico.Resultados: El promedio de edad previo a la cirugía fue de 32,8 años (5-19 años) y la duración promedio de la epilepsia fue de 21,5 años (2-42 años). El análisis histológico confirmó la presencia de tumor en 6 pacientes (3 gangliogliomas, 2 astrocitomas pilocíticos y 1 tumor neuroepitelial disembrioplásico); 4 correspondieron al lóbulo temporal y 2 extratemporales y de ellos, 3 estuvieron asociados a displasia cortical focal. La evolución postquirúrgica fue satisfactoria, estando libres de crisis en su última evaluación, 5 pacientes (rango de 7 y 9 años, estadios Ia, Ib y Ic). La paciente restante logró una reducción considerable de las crisis (5 años y medio de operada con un estadio IIIa).Conclusiones: La resección del tumor guiada por ECoG permite diagnosticar otras lesiones no identificadas en las resonancias magnéticas en el 50 Por ciento de los casos y cuya epileptogenicidad ha sido demostrada. La evolución clínica favorable en la mayoría de los pacientes sugiere la utilidad de la ECoG intraoperatoria para la adecuada resección de la zona epileptogénica(AU)


OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of brain tumors with other lesions in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery at the International Center for Neurological Restoration (CIREN –Havana, Cuba), as well as the impact on clinical evolution following the resection guided by electrocorticography (ECoG).METHODS: Of the 47 patients with epilepsy operated in the CIREN, a descriptive study was conducted of those with confirmed diagnosisof brain tumor. Resections guided by ECoG were carried out and the histopathological diagnosis was carried out according to the classification of the World Health Organization. The system proposed by the International League against Epilepsy was used for themicroscopic diagnosis of focal cortical dysplasia. The modified Engel scale was applied for post-surgical follow-up.RESULTS: The average age prior to surgery was 32.8 years (5-19 years) and the mean duration of epilepsy was 21.5 years (2-42 years).Histological analysis confirmed the presence of tumor in 6 patients (3 Gangliogliomas, 2 pilocytic astrocytomas and 1 dysembryoplasticneuroepithelial tumor); 4 corresponded to the temporal lobe and 2 extratemporals and of them, 3 were associated with focal cortical dysplasia. The postsurgical evolution was satisfactory, being free of seizures in its last evaluation, 5 patients (range of 7 and 9 years, grades Ia, Ib and Ic). The remaining patient achieved a considerable reduction in seizures (5 and half years of surgery with a grade IIIa).CONCLUSIONS: The resection of the tumor guided by ECoG allows diagnosing other unidentified lesions in the magnetic resonances in 50 Per cent of the cases and whose epileptogenicity has been demonstrated. Favorable clinical evolution in most patients suggests the usefulness of intraoperative ECoG for the adequate resection of the epileptogenic zone(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/cirurgia , Eletrocorticografia/métodos
3.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 79(2): 127-134, abr.-jun. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-982931

RESUMO

La coexistencia de esclerosis hipocampal con una lesión extrahipocampal potencialmente epileptógena, situación conocida como patología dual, traza un reto para planificar la cirugía resectiva de epilepsia farmacorresistente. Presentamos un caso de epilepsia focal farmacorresistente asociada a patología dual (esclerosis hipocampal izquierda y gliosis frontal izquierda), abordada con estimulación eléctrica cortical directa y electrocorticografía intraoperatoria, con buenos resultados a corto plazo.


The coexistence of hippocampal sclerosis with a potentially epileptogenic extra hippocampal injury is known as dual pathology, and presents a challenge to resection surgery strategies in cases of drug-resistant epilepsy. We present a case of drug-resistant focal epilepsy associated with dual pathology (left hippocampal sclerosis and left frontal gliosis), treated by means of direct cortical electrical stimulation and intraoperative electrocorticography with good short-term results.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Eletrocorticografia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/patologia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/cirurgia
4.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 28(2): 63-67, mayo 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-998544

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: presentar nuestra experiencia en cirugía de epilepsia con electrocorticografía intraoperatoria, en 19 pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: estudio retrospectivo basado en historias clínicas de pacientes con epilepsia lesional operados en el Sanatorio Allende, de Córdoba, entre el 1 de diciembre de 1997 y el 30 de noviembre de 2013. En esta serie hubo 14 enfermos menores de 20 años y sólo 5 mayores de esa edad. Las lesiones fueron: en 10 (52,6%) displasias corticales, en 6 (31,5%) tumores, en 2 gliosis cicatrizal y en 1 cavernoma frontal. La localización fue temporal en 4 (21%) y extratemporal en 15 (79%). Tenían epilepsia refractaria 13 (67,3%) enfermos. RESULTADOS: el tratamiento fue satisfactorio si analizamos el control de las crisis. Actualmente 14 (73,6%) están libres de crisis, sólo 4 de ellos tienen un EEG anormal, por lo cual continúan medicados. De los 5 (26,4%) enfermos que continúan con crisis, 3 tienen episodios esporádicos y tienen una sola medicación; los otros 2 tienen crisis frecuentes por lo cual reciben 3 fármacos antiepilépticos. CONCLUSIÓN: la electrocorticografía intraoperatoria nos ha permitido identificar con precisión el foco epileptógeno, que en muchos casos esta adyacente o distante de la lesión


INTRODUCTION: to present our experience in epilepsy surgery with intraoperative electrocorticography in 19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: retrospective study based on clinical records of patients with epilepsy operated on between December 1997 and November 2013 in Sanatorio Allende of Córdoba. In this series there were 14 patients younger than 20 years. Included: 10 (52,6) cortical displeases, 6 (31,5%) tumours, 2 cicatricial gliosis, and 1 cavernoma. The localization was temporal in 4 (21%), and extratemporal in 15 (79%). Thirteen (67,3%) patients had medically intractable epilepsies. RESULTS: in terms of epilepsy, surgical treatment with intraoperative electrocorticography was satisfactory. At the present: 14(73%) are free of seizures; only 4 had abnormal EEG and go on with anticonvulsive medication. Five patients to remain with epilepsy, only 2 of them had frequent crisis and required three anticonvulsive drugs. CONCLUSION: the intraoperative electrocorticography permitted to identify the epileptogenic area with accuracy. This area may be situated adjacent or distant to the primary lesion


Assuntos
Humanos , Epilepsia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos , Eletrocorticografia , Gliose , Neoplasias
5.
Med Intensiva ; 38(7): 413-21, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24342071

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency and duration of cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) and CSD-like episodes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) requiring craniotomy. DESIGN: A descriptive observational study was carried out during 19 months. SETTING: Neurocritical patients. PATIENTS: Sixteen patients were included: 9 with MMCAI and 7 with moderate or severe TBI, requiring surgical treatment. INTERVENTIONS: A 6-electrode subdural electrocorticographic (ECoG) strip was placed onto the perilesional cortex. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: An analysis was made of the time profile and the number and duration of CSD and CSD-like episodes recorded from the ECoGs. RESULTS: Of the 16 patients enrolled, 9 presented episodes of CSD or CSD-like phenomena, of highly variable frequency and duration. CONCLUSIONS: Episodes of CSD and CSD-like phenomena are frequently detected in the ischemic penumbra and/or traumatic cortical regions of patients with MMCAI who require decompressive craniectomy or of patients with contusional TBI.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/fisiopatologia , Depressão Alastrante da Atividade Elétrica Cortical , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Eletrocorticografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto
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