Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 9 de 9
Filtrar
1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 156(12): 615-621, junio 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-214084

RESUMO

Las enfermedades reumáticas autoinmunes son trastornos inflamatorios que pueden afectar a múltiples órganos, entre los que se incluye el corazón. El elevado riesgo de aparición de patología cardiovascular en estos pacientes no solo se debe a la presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular tradicionales, sino también a la inflamación crónica y la autoinmunidad. Todas las estructuras cardíacas pueden verse afectadas durante el curso de la enfermedad (válvulas, sistema de conducción, miocardio, endocardio, pericardio y arterias coronarias), por lo que las complicaciones cardíacas incluyen una amplia variedad de manifestaciones clínicas. La afectación cardíaca se asocia con un pronóstico desfavorable, por lo que es esencial detectar la lesión cardíaca subclínica en pacientes asintomáticos e instaurar el tratamiento de forma precoz. Este documento ofrece una revisión actualizada de las principales manifestaciones cardíacas de las enfermedades reumáticas, así como su manejo terapéutico. (AU)


Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are inflammatory disorders that can involve multiple organs, including the heart. The high risk of cardiovascular pathology in these patients is not only due to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, but also to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. All cardiac structures may be affected during the course of systemic autoimmune diseases (valves, the conduction system, the myocardium, endocardium and pericardium, and coronary arteries), and the cardiac complications have a variety of clinical manifestations. As these are all associated with an unfavourable prognosis, it is essential to detect subclinical cardiac involvement in asymptomatic systemic autoimmune disease patients and begin adequate management and treatment early. In this review, we examine the multiple cardiovascular manifestations in patients with rheumatological disorders and available management strategies. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Miocárdio , Autoimunidade , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/etiologia
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 156(12): 615-621, 2021 06 25.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33836859

RESUMO

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are inflammatory disorders that can involve multiple organs, including the heart. The high risk of cardiovascular pathology in these patients is not only due to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, but also to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. All cardiac structures may be affected during the course of systemic autoimmune diseases (valves, the conduction system, the myocardium, endocardium and pericardium, and coronary arteries), and the cardiac complications have a variety of clinical manifestations. As these are all associated with an unfavourable prognosis, it is essential to detect subclinical cardiac involvement in asymptomatic systemic autoimmune disease patients and begin adequate management and treatment early. In this review, we examine the multiple cardiovascular manifestations in patients with rheumatological disorders and available management strategies.


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Cardiopatias , Doenças Reumáticas , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Autoimunidade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/etiologia , Humanos , Miocárdio , Doenças Reumáticas/complicações
3.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 38(3): 329-337, jul.-set. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-973986

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción. La región del antígeno leucocitario humano (Human Leukocyte Antigen, HLA) se ha asociado claramente con enfermedades autoinmunitarias, como la diabetes mellitus de tipo 1. Los polimorfismos representativos de un solo nucleótido (tag Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, tag SNP) constituyen una forma alternativa de evaluar los alelos clásicos del HLA. En la población europea se ha reportado un grupo de tag SNP para múltiples alelos clásicos relacionados con la predisposición o la resistencia frente a dicha enfermedad. Objetivo. Validar la metodología basada en los tag SNP enfocada en la inferencia de alelos HLA clásicos, y evaluar su asociación con la diabetes mellitus de tipo 1 en una muestra de familias antioqueñas. Materiales y métodos. Se estudió una muestra de 200 familias antioqueñas con uno a dos hijos afectados por diabetes mellitus de tipo 1. Se genotipificaron 13 SNP mediante el ARMS-PCR (Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction) con cuatro iniciadores, o mediante la PCR-RFLP (PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Además, se evaluó la validez de los tag SNP de 1.000 genomas reportados en europeos en una muestra de 60 individuos de la población colombiana de Medellín. Se hicieron las pruebas de desequilibrio de la transmisión, de desequilibrio de ligamiento y de equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg. Resultados. En la población de estudio no se encontró suficiente desequilibrio de ligamiento entre los SNP y los alelos clásicos evaluados, por lo cual no fue posible inferir los alelos clásicos del HLA para el conjunto de familias con diabetes mellitus de tipo 1. El estudio de asociación evidenció que esta región aporta factores tanto de riesgo como de protección para el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Los tag SNP apropiados para la muestra de estudio se determinaron usando los SNP ubicados en la región HLA en la base de datos del 1000 Genomes Project en la mencionada población. Conclusiones. Los patrones de desequilibrio de ligamiento en la población estudiada fueron diferentes a los reportados para la población europea. A pesar de esto, se encontró evidencia clara sobre el papel de la región HLA en el riesgo de padecer diabetes mellitus de tipo 1 en la población de estudio.


abstract Introduction: The HLA region strongly associates with autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes. An alternative way to test classical HLA alleles is by using tag SNP. A set of tag SNP for several classical HLA alleles has been reported as associated with susceptibility or resistance to this disease in Europeans. Objective: We aimed at validating the methodology based on tag SNP focused on the inference of classical HLA alleles, and at evaluating their association with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a sample of 200 families from Antioquia. Materials and methods: We studied a sample of 200 families from Antioquia. Each family had one or two children with T1D. We genotyped 13 SNPs using tetra-primer ARMS-PCR or PCRRFLP. In addition, we tested the validity of the tag SNP reported for Europeans in 60 individuals from a population of Colombians living in Medellín (CLM) from the 1000 Genomes Project database. Statistical analyses included the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the transmission disequilibrium and the linkage disequilibrium tests. Results: The linkage disequilibrium was low in reported tag SNP and classical HLA alleles in this CLM population. Association analyses revealed both risk and protection factors to develop type 1 diabetes mellitus. Appropriate tag SNPs for the CLM population were determined by using the genotype information available in the 1000 Genome Project database. Conclusions: Although linkage disequilibrium patterns in this CLM population were different from those reported in Europeans, we did find strong evidence of the role of HLA in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the study population.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Genes MHC Classe I , Genes MHC da Classe II , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Antígenos HLA/genética , Simulação por Computador , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Alelos , Epistasia Genética , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatase não Receptora Tipo 22/genética , Antígeno CTLA-4/genética , Helicase IFIH1 Induzida por Interferon/genética , Genótipo , Modelos Genéticos
4.
Med. interna Méx ; 34(4): 522-535, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-984709

RESUMO

Resumen ANTECEDENTES Las enfermedades autoinmunitarias afectan alrededor de 3 a 5% de los seres humanos, especialmente a las mujeres. Por su poca prevalencia se desconocen los datos clínicos locales del comportamiento de esta enfermedad. OBJETIVO Encontrar la prevalencia de las enfermedades autoinmunitarias en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Santander, Colombia, así como realizar la caracterización clínica y sociodemográfica de las enfermedades. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, retrospectivo de la prevalencia de enfermedades autoinmunitarias en el Hospital Universitario de Santander entre 2012 y 2016 en pacientes mayores de 13 años que ingresaron a la institución. RESULTADOS Se encontraron 1463 enfermedades autoinmunitarias con prevalencia de 378 casos por cada 100,000 pacientes mayores de 13 años, atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Santander y la población con enfermedad autoinmunitaria fue de 0.4%. Las enfermedades más prevalentes fueron la artritis reumatoide, psoriasis, enfermedad de Graves, púrpura trombocitopénica inmunitaria y lupus eritematoso sistémico y los órganos más afectados fueron la piel, la glándula tiroides, el sistema hematológico, el páncreas y el sistema nervioso. CONCLUSIONES Los datos encontrados sugieren que la prevalencia en nuestro medio es similar a la de otras poblaciones; sin embargo, estas prevalencias son multifactoriales y pueden variar entre las diferentes poblaciones.


Abstract BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases affect around 3-5% of human beings, especially women. Due to its low prevalence, local clinical data on the behavior of this disease are unknown. OBJECTIVE To find the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the University Hospital of Santander, as well as to carry out the clinical and sociodemographic characterization of the diseases. MATERIAL AND METHOD An observational, descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study on the prevalence of autoimmune diseases was done at the University Hospital of Santander between 2012 and 2016 in patients over 13 years of age who entered to the institution. RESULTS A total of 1463 autoimmune diseases were found, with a prevalence of 378 cases per 100,000 patients over 13 years of age treated at the University Hospital of Santander and the population with autoimmune disease was 0.4%. The most prevalent diseases were rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Graves' disease, immune thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus and the most affected organs were the skin, thyroid gland, hematology system, pancreas and nervous system. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the prevalence in our environment is similar to that of studies in other populations; however, these prevalences are multifactorial and may vary among different populations.

5.
Med. interna Méx ; 33(6): 730-738, nov.-dic. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-954909

RESUMO

Resumen: ANTECEDENTES: el lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad autoinmunitaria de origen multifactorial en la que se afectan múltiples órganos. OBJETIVO: establecer las principales características de los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico tratados en el servicio de Medicina Interna, las causas de ingreso, el grado de actividad de la enfermedad y la evolución posterior a su ingreso al hospital. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico, ingresados durante el periodo del 1 de enero de 2013 al 30 de junio de 2016 en el servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Escuela Universitario de Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RESULTADOS: se estudiaron 78 pacientes del sexo femenino y 5 masculinos, con relación aproximada de 16:1; el promedio de ingresos hospitalarios por paciente fue de 1.19. Se encontró un índice MEX-SLEDAI promedio de actividad al ingreso de 7.5 ± 4.6 puntos. El promedio de estancia hospitalaria fue de 12.4 ± 11.7 días, en 61% de los casos la duración de la hospitalización fue mayor de 7 días, en este grupo se encontró un valor promedio de actividad lúpica de 8.5 ± 4.4 puntos. La causa más frecuente de ingreso hospitalario fue la actividad de la enfermedad 58%, seguida de procesos infecciosos 24%. CONCLUSIONES: el lupus eritematoso sistémico se diagnostica comúnmente en pacientes jóvenes principalmente del sexo femenino; sin embargo, cuando afecta a pacientes masculinos, la actividad de la enfermedad suele ser más severa. La actividad lúpica fue la principal causa de ingreso.


Abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE is an autoimmune pathology of multifactorial etiology where multiple organ involvement occurs. OBJECTIVE: To establish the main characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated at Internal Medicine service, their causes of entering, degree of disease activity and evolution posterior to hospitalization. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive and retrospective study of patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus admitted during the period from January 1st 2013 to June 30 2016 at the Internal Medicine Service of the Hospital Universitario de Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RESULTS: We studied 78 female and 5 male patients, establishing a ratio of approximately 16:1, the average hospital admission per patient was 1.19. We found an average MEX-SLEDAI of activity at the entrance of 7.5 ± 4.6 points. The average hospital stay was 12.4 ± 11.7 days, in 61% of cases duration of more than 7 days was presented, in this group an average value of lupus activity of 8.5 ± 4.4 points was found. The most frequent cause of hospital admission was the activity of the disease 58%, followed by infectious processes 24%. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic lupus erythematosus is commonly diagnosed in young female patients, but when it occurs in male patients, the disease activity is usually more severe. Lupic activity was the main cause of hospitalization.

6.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 147(8): 352-360, 2016 Oct 21.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27389618

RESUMO

Rheumatic and systemic autoimmune diseases occur in women and, to a lesser degree, men of reproductive age. These disorders have to be clinically nonactive before conception, which is usually only possible after anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment. We must be alert since 50% of pregnancies are unplanned. Physicians should know the embryo-foetal toxicity of these drugs during pregnancy and lactation. This January 2016-updated review allows us to conclude that the majority of immunosuppressives available -anti-TNF inhibitors included- can be used before and during pregnancy, with the exception of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, mycophenolate and leflunomide. Lactation is permitted with all drugs except methotrexate, leflunomide, mycophenolate and cyclophosphamide. Although data on abatacept, belimumab, rituximab, tocilizumab and anakinra are scant, preliminary reports agree on their safety during pregnancy and, probably, lactation. Cyclophosphamide and sulfasalazine apart, no negative effects on sperm quality, or embryo-foetal anomalies in men treated with immunosuppressives have been described.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Complicações na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Reumáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Aleitamento Materno , Feminino , Humanos , Cuidado Pós-Natal/métodos , Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores
7.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 147(2): 70-5, 2016 Jul 15.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27033437

RESUMO

Pharmacological inhibition of the kinase activity of JAK proteins can interfere with the signaling of immunomodulatory cytokines and block the constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT pathway that characterizes certain malignancies, including chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. JAK inhibitors may, therefore, be useful to treat malignancies as well as inflammatory or immune disorders. Currently, the most significant advances have been made in the treatment of myelofibrosis, where these drugs may lead to a remarkable improvement in the control of hyperproliferative manifestations. However, available data suggest that this treatment is not curative of myelofibrosis. In general, JAK2 inhibition induces cytopaenias, with this being considered a class side-effect. By contrast, the extrahaematologic toxicity profile varies significantly among the different JAK inhibitors. At present, there are several clinical trials evaluating the combination of ruxolitinib with other drugs, in order to improve its therapeutic activity as well as reducing haematologic toxicity.


Assuntos
Janus Quinase 2/antagonistas & inibidores , Policitemia Vera/tratamento farmacológico , Mielofibrose Primária/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Trombocitemia Essencial/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/enzimologia , Humanos , Nitrilas , Policitemia Vera/enzimologia , Mielofibrose Primária/enzimologia , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas , Trombocitemia Essencial/enzimologia , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 21(3): 275-283, mayo 2015. graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-775415

RESUMO

La incidencia de enfermedad autoinmunitaria del oído interno (EAOI) es difícil de determinar: probablemente,se trata de una entidad poco frecuente, responsable de menos del 1% del total de casos de trastornos auditivos o mareos. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico de EAOI puede pasarse por alto debido a la falta de pruebas diagnósticas específicas. La principal característica de esta afección clínicamente diagnosticada es la presencia de una pérdida de audición neurosensitiva (PANS) bilateral, rápidamente progresiva y, con frecuencia, fluctuante, que se produce durante un período de semanas a meses. La progresión de la pérdida auditiva es demasiado rápida como para ser diagnosticada como presbiacusia y demasiado lenta como para llevar al diagnóstico de PANS súbita. Los síntomas vestibulares, talescomo inestabilidad generalizada, ataxia, vértigo posicional y vértigo episódico, pueden estar presentes en casi el 50% de los pacientes. En ocasiones, sólo un oído se encuentra afectado inicialmente, pero la pérdida auditiva bilateral sucede en la mayoría de los pacientes, con umbrales audiométricos simétricoso asimétricos. Casi el 25% al 50% de los pacientes también presentan acúfenos y sensación de plenitud auditiva, los cuales pueden ser fluctuantes. Las enfermedades autoinmunitarias sistémicas coexisten enel 15% al 30% de los pacientes


ncidence of autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) is difficult to determine: probably it is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of all cases of hearing impairment or dizziness. Nevertheless, the diag-nosis of AIED might be overlooked because of the lack of specific diagnostic tests. The hallmark of this clinically diagnosed condition is the presence of a rapidly progressive, often fluctuating, bilateral SNHL over a period of weeks to months. The progression of hearing loss is too rapid to be diagnostic for presbycusis and too slow to conclude a diagnosis of sudden SNHL. Vestibular symptoms, such as generalized imbalance, ataxia, positional vertigo and episodic vertigo may be present in almost 50% of patients. Occasionally only one ear is affected initially, but bilateral hearing loss occurs in most patients, with symmetric or asymmetric audiometric thresholds. Almost 25%-50% of patients have also tinnitus and aural fullness, which can fluctuate. Systemic autoimmune diseases coexist in 15%-30% of patients.


Assuntos
Humanos , Audição , Doenças Autoimunes , Orelha Interna
9.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 144(2): 88-91, 2015 Jan 20.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24636281

RESUMO

Autoimmune diseases are a cluster of disorders characterized by a failure of the immune tolerance and a hyperactivation of the immune system that leads to a chronic inflammation state and the damage of several organs. The medications currently used to treat these diseases usually consist of immunosuppressive drugs that have significant systemic toxic effects and are associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells have immunomodulatory properties, a feature that make them candidates to be used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we reviewed the role of this therapy in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis, as well as the potential risks associated with its use.


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/terapia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/fisiologia , Animais , Antígenos de Superfície/imunologia , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Coristoma/etiologia , Terapia Combinada , Doença de Crohn/imunologia , Doença de Crohn/terapia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/efeitos adversos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos MRL lpr , Esclerose Múltipla/imunologia , Esclerose Múltipla/terapia , Infecções Oportunistas/etiologia , Escleroderma Sistêmico/imunologia , Escleroderma Sistêmico/terapia , Síndrome de Sjogren/imunologia , Síndrome de Sjogren/terapia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...