RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Most elderly people or those with disabilities wish to stay in their own home rather than any other residential option, even when long-term care is required. The functional adaptation of homes is one of the key factors in doing this with safety and quality of life. This paper investigates whether people with disabilities (arising mainly from their advanced age) develop adaptive behaviours aimed at compensating for their functional loss through improvements in their home and environment, as well as knowing the covariables that explain it. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It starts from the so-called Lewin equation, which relates individual behaviours to personal and environmental characteristics. In this case the adaptive behaviour would be the economic expenditure on the home for its adaptation or improvement. The microdata of the Spanish EDAD 2008 survey are used, to which a bivariate logit model is applied to estimate the relationship between this adaptive expenditure and different explanatory covariates. RESULTS: The results show that the Lewin model is fulfilled. The resulting coefficients and odds ratios show that the functional, economic, and environmental characteristics are what determine, above others of a personal or socioeconomic type, the adaptive expenditure. CONCLUSIONS: Housing adaptation is a voluntary adjustment behaviour justified by the functional conditions of the person and those of the housing and building environment. Given the importance of promoting better conditions for «ageing at home¼, there is a need to stimulate private expenditure on adaptation as a complementary formula to the necessary increase in existing public subsidy programs.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Adaptação Psicológica , Habitação/normas , Vida Independente , Limitação da Mobilidade , Idoso , Humanos , EspanhaRESUMO
Este artículo presenta un análisis discursivo de la identidad de lugar en usuarios de teleasistencia domiciliaria. Dicho análisis es parte de los resultados de dos proyectos de investigación interesados por el cuidado de las personas mayores y dependientes en España. Los datos analizados se extraen de un conjunto de diez grupos de discusión llevados a cabo en Cataluña durante 2009 (n=62). A partir del rastreo del uso que los participantes hacen de una frase hecha ("no hay lugar como el hogar"), se propone un examen secuencial y detallado de los datos inspirado en el análisis conversacional y la psicología discursiva. Este examen resalta el carácter co-producido de la identidad de lugar y llama la atención sobre diferentes herramientas discursivas que los participantes emplean para enfrentar las amenazas que la conversación le plantea a dicha identidad. El resultado es la descripción del contexto en el que se produce una identidad de hogar que da sentido a la preferencia que los participantes muestran por envejecer en casa. Dicha identidad de hogar se presenta como un recurso de orden explicativo y retórico.
This article presents a discourse analysis of place-identity in home telecare users. This analysis is part of the results of two research projects concerned with the care of old and dependent people in Spain. The data analyzed come from a set of ten focus groups conducted in Catalonia in 2009 (n=62). Drawing from tracking the participants' use of a fixed phrase ("there is no place like home"), a sequential and detailed examination of the data inspired by conversation analysis and discursive psychology is proposed. This examination highlights the co-produced nature of place-identity and draws attention to different discursive tools which the participants use to deal with threats that conversation supposes to that identity. The result is the description of the context in which a home-identity that gives meaning to the participants' preference for aging at home is produced. This home-identity is presented as an explanatory and rhetoric resource.
