RESUMO
Se expone que actualmente la mayoría de los países se encuentran inmersos en reformas sectoriales ante un mundo globalizado, donde el tema de los gastos sanitarios preocupa a los gobiernos y profesionales de la salud. El balance óptimo entre la especificidad de cada función y la integración eficaz de los aspectos comunes constituye una regla para la administración de las funciones esenciales de la salud pública. Asimismo, cada función tiene identidad funcional propia y procesos específicos, los cuales generan productos y resultados particulares que comparten recursos económicos comunes; además, se complementan entre sí con el fin de tomar decisiones para ganar en complejidad.
It is stated that currently most of the countries are absorbed in sector reforms in a globalized world, where the issue of public health costs is of concern for governments and health professionals. The optimal balance between the specificity of each function and the effective integration of the common aspects is a rule for the administration of the essential functions of public health. Also, each function has its own functional identity and specific processes, which generate specific products and results that share common economic resources. Also, they complement each other with the purpose of making decisions to become more complex.
RESUMO
This study presents an assessment of the participation and training of nurses in public health areas in the Americas. Information was gathered through a literature review and interviews with key informants from Mexico, Colombia, and Paraguay. Results demonstrate that there is significant variation in definitions of public health nursing across the region and current systematized data about the workforce profile of public health nursing personnel is not available for many countries in the Americas. There are significant regional differences in the levels and types of training of nurses working in public health areas and an increasing number of nurses are pursuing training in public health at the master's and doctoral levels. Many nurses carry out some or all of the essential functions of public health, but are not considered to be public health nurses. Generally, auxiliary and technical nurses have a broader presence in public health areas than professional nurses. In the future, regional health systems reforms should support increased recruitment and training of public health nurses, as well as stronger roles in public health research and health care at the individual, community, and population levels.
Assuntos
Enfermagem em Saúde Pública , América Central , Humanos , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/provisão & distribuição , América do SulRESUMO
This study presents an assessment of the participation and training of nurses in public health areas in the Americas. Information was gathered through a literature review and interviews with key informants from Mexico, Colombia, and Paraguay. Results demonstrate that there is significant variation in definitions of public health nursing across the region and current systematized data about the workforce profile of public health nursing personnel is not available for many countries in the Americas. There are significant regional differences in the levels and types of training of nurses working in public health areas and an increasing number of nurses are pursuing training in public health at the master's and doctoral levels. Many nurses carry out some or all of the essential functions of public health, but are not considered to be public health nurses. Generally, auxiliary and technical nurses have a broader presence in public health areas than professional nurses. In the future, regional health systems reforms should support increased recruitment and training of public health nurses, as well as stronger roles in public health research and health care at the individual, community, and population levels. (AU)
